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Results for “Visual function”

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At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

Lutein improves visual function in some patients with retinal degeneration: a pilot study via the Internet.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to examine the effects of lutein supplementation on visual acuity, central visual-field area, and subjective visual disturbances in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and related retinal degenerations, in an international study population recruited via an Internet mailing list. METHODS: Sixteen participants (13 with RP, three with other retinal degenerations) completed a 26-week program of lutein supplementation (40 mg/day for 9 weeks, 20 mg/day thereafter); 10 participants also took 500-mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/day, vitamin B complex, and digestive enzymes. Ten participants previously taking vitamin A and/or beta-carotene continued those supplements throughout the study. Participants self-tested their visual acuity on their computer screen and their central visual-field extent on a wall chart, weekly for 14 weeks, bi-weekly thereafter. RESULTS: Mean visual acuity improved by 0.7 dB and mean visual-field area by 0.35 dB. Improvements started 2 to 4 weeks after supplementation began, and plateaued at 6 to 14 weeks. Visual acuity gains were strongly correlated with eye color: 1.2 dB in seven blue-eyed participants, but 0.3 dB in seven dark-eyed participants. Participants who received previous supplements showed greater benefits in central visual-field area (0.55 dB) than those not receiving previous supplements (no change). No significant effects of age, sex, disease stage, or study supplement were found. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term vision improvements after lutein supplementation--previously reported in age-related macular degeneration--also occur in RP, especially in blue-eyed individuals; vitamin A may increase visual field benefits.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2004

Morpho-functional visualization of dynamic MR-mammography.

In view of an increasing use of breast MRI supplementing X-ray mammography, the purpose of this study was the development of a method for fast and efficient analysis of dynamic MR image series of the female breast. The image data sets were acquired with a saturation-recovery-turbo-FLASH sequence facilitating the detection of the kinetics of the contrast agent concentration in the whole breast with a high temporal and spatial resolution. In addition, a morphological 3D-FLASH data set was acquired. The dynamic image data sets were analyzed by tracer kinetic modeling in order to describe the physiological processes underlying the contrast enhancement in mathematical terms and thus enable the estimation of functional tissue specific parameters, reflecting the status of microcirculation. To display morphological and functional tissue information simultaneously, a multidimensional real-time visualization system (using 3D-texture mapping) was developed, which enables a practical and intuitive human-computer interface in virtual reality. The spatially differentiated representation of the computed functional tissue parameters superimposed on the anatomical information offers several possibilities: improved discernibility of contrast enhancement, inspection of the data volume in 3D-space and localization of lesions in space and thus fast and more natural recognition of topological coherencies. In a feasibility study, it could be demonstrated that multidimensional visualization of contrast enhancement in virtual reality is practical. Especially, detection and localization of multiple breast lesions may be an important application

Breast Neoplasms↗

PubMed2006

Visual function and execution of microsaccades related to reading skills, in cerebral palsied children.

This article investigates the ability of cerebral palsied (CP) children to execute microsaccades. One-hundred and five congenitally CP school aged children (6 to 15 years old), without severe mental retardation, were classified into three groups: those with spastic quadriplegi, spastic diplegics, and spastic hemiplegics on the basis of: (1) patient anamnesis, (2) IQ estimation, (3) evaluation of the microsaccadic skills with the Developmental Eye Movement test (DEM). Their performance in these tests was compared with a control group from the general pediatric population. IQ of the CP children ranged between 70 and 100; the microsaccadic skills were severely affected: only 19% of the CP children had normal function, 20.9% of the CP children appeared with a pure oculomotor problem, 32.4% of the CP children had a visual-perceptual problem, and 27.7% of the CP children had a combined oculomotor and visual perceptual problem. CP children, in the absence of severe mental retardation, have disturbed visual skills and visual perception that usually leads to reading difficulties. It is also suggested that microsaccadic skills of CP children is an identifiable factor compounding the adverse effects of mental retardation on reading skills.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Visual function after pan-retinal photocoagulation: a survey.

Thirty-five diabetic patients who had undergone pan-retinal photocoagulation were surveyed to determine the frequency and severity of visual difficulties they experience. Among the most frequent problems were difficulty adjusting to dim lighting, difficulty adjusting to bright lighting, and trouble in sorting dark colors. Judging distances, negotiating stairways, and avoiding obstacles were identified as having become more difficult since the laser treatment. According to a correlation analysis, the difficulties encountered in some important tasks, such as driving in the daytime, were highly related to visual acuity. However, many of the problems reported most frequently, and many of the problems whose frequency had increased the most since the laser therapy, were not related to acuity. Despite their many visual complaints, the patients expressed very positive attitudes toward the photocoagulation treatment.

Adaptation, Ocular↗

PubMed2001

[Long-term monitoring of visual function after anatomically successful surgical treatment of idiopathic macular holes].

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to determine the outcomes of long-term changes and evolution of visual acuity in patients undergoing anatomically successful macular hole surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Into prospective study are enrolled 20 eyes (20 patients). All patients were successfully operated for idiopathic macular hole between September, 1996 and August, 1998. Time of follow up ranged from 20 to 43 months (mean, 29.5). The best corrected visual acuity was examined before operation and every 3 months after surgery. 12 eyes were operated for complicated cataract. The subgroup of 16 eyes was selected from the group of 20 eyes. The subgroup consisted of patients, who in the first examination observed in Watzke-Allen test the interruption of ray of light and there was a central scotoma on the campimetry. These tests were realised before operation and in the 3rd, 9th and 15th months after operation. Fisher's test and Student's t test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Mean corrected visual acuity before operation was 0.21. Best corrected visual acuity was 0.44, reached in the 12th months. Improvement in +2 or more lines was reached in 55%. In 15th and 18th months the mean corrected visual acuity decrease because of the progression of nuclear sclerosis. 12 eyes were operated for complicated cataract. The best corrected visual acuity before and after surgery of idiopathic macular hole was 0.18 respectively 0.39 and improvement in +2 or more lines was reached in 6 (50%) eyes. After surgery of complicated cataract the mean visual acuity was 0.49. Further improvement in +2 or more lines was reached in 2 (16.7%) eyes, together in 8 (66,%) eyes. Statistical analysis (Fischer's tests, Student's t test) was significant (P < 0.05). In the subgroup of 16 eyes, where were followed changes in Watzke-Allen test, the interruption of ray of light was in all 16 (100%) patients. In the 3rd month 6 (37.5%) patients observed interruption of ray of light and other 10 (62.5%) observed deformation in the central part of ray of light. In 9th and 15th months the interruption observed 5 (31.25%) patients. Deformation in 9th and 15th months observed 8 (50%) respectively 5 (31.25%) patients. Gradual decrease of central scotoma observed in the 3rd, 9th and 15th month 10 (62.5%), 13 (81.25%) and 14 (87.5%) patients. During the follow up in 12 (75%) patients was reached total disappearance of central scotoma. CONCLUSIONS: The evolution of visual acuity after anatomically successful surgery of idiopathic macular hole is dynamic, long-standing and continual process. Improvement of visual acuity can be masked by progression of complicated cataract-nuclear sclerosis. Further improvement of visual acuity can be observed after of the surgery complicated cataract.

Aged↗

PubMed1951