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PubMedDate not supplied

Complications and mortality associated with anesthesia in dogs and cats.

The complications and mortality associated with anesthesia of dogs and cats in a university teaching hospital were determined. During one year, 2,556 dogs and 683 cats were anesthetized by the anesthesia service. Hypotension occurred in 179 (7%) dogs and 58 (8.5%) cats. Cardiac dysrhythmias occurred in 64 (2.5%) dogs and 12 (1.8%) cats. Transfusions were required in 31 (1.2%) dogs. Hypercapnea occurred in 33 (1.3%) dogs and one (less than 1%) cat. Hypoxemia occurred in 14 (0.5%) dogs. Anesthetic complications, as defined, occurred in 12.0% of dogs and 10.5% of cats, while deaths associated with the perianesthetic period occurred in 0.43% of dogs and 0.43% of cats.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2004

[Intracranial and spinal subdural hematoma: a rare complication of epidural and subarachnoid anesthesia].

Subdural and epidural hematomas complicating central blocks are rare but serious complications that can lead to permanent neurological deficits. This review discusses cranial and spinal subdural hematomas, including the history of this complication in the literature. Theories to explain the mechanisms by which hematomas are formed are presented and risk factors are analyzed. The associations between such hematomas and the design of the various needles used for lumbar puncture are evaluated and the most common cranial and spinal locations are discussed. The anatomy of tissues that envelop and contain chronic subdural hematomas are described and the various neurological alterations that can develop are mentioned. Finally, diagnostic imaging options and corrective surgical techniques are reviewed.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1997

[Ocular complications in connection with general anesthesia].

The incidence of ocular complications occurring during non-ophthalmic surgery is unknown, but probably low. The aim of this article is to review factors leading to ocular complications which the anaesthesiologist and the surgeon should be aware of throughout the perioperative period. Aetiology, risk factors, symptoms, management and prophylaxis associated with corneal abrasion, retinal ischaemia, and angle closure glaucoma are discussed. Correct diagnosis and treatment of eye injuries is essential for a rapid recovery and minimising the impairment of vision.

Anesthetics, General↗
PubMed1986

[Long-term regional anesthesia in closed chest injuries complicated by rib fracture].

Prolonged regional anesthesia used for relieving pain was given to 65 patients with closed traumas of the chest complicated by fractures of the ribs. The method was shown to be effective, simple and safe. It may be used both at the hospital and at prehospital stage. The prolonged regional anesthesia allowed reducing the amount of pulmonary complications from 4.5% to 1.7%.

Anesthesia, Conduction↗
PubMed1989

A comparison of retrobulbar and periocular anesthesia for cataract surgery.

Complications of retrobulbar anesthesia are rare but significant. Periocular anesthesia has been advocated as an alternative to retrobulbar injections. In a prospective, randomized, masked study of 79 consecutive cataract extractions with intraocular lens implantations, 40 patients received retrobulbar injections and 39 patients received periocular injections. In every instance, the volume of the injection was 5 mL. No significant difference in surgeon's assessment of akinesia and anesthesia was found. Supplemental anesthesia was required in eight (21%) of the patients who received retrobulbar injections and in 11 (28%) of the patients who received periocular injections. A significant increase in chemosis was found with periocular injections. There was one complication with retrobulbar anesthesia and none with periocular anesthesia. No significant difference in patient assessment of comfort was found. The efficacy of periocular anesthesia appears to be comparable to that of retrobulbar anesthesia.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2002

Complications associated with regional anesthesia in the obstetric patient.

The majority of obstetric patients are concerned about labor pains but also have fears regarding regional anesthesia and its potential effects on themselves and their babies. Anesthesiologists and obstetricians alike must be familiar with potential complications of obstetric regional anesthesia and analgesia, and also be able to provide the information and reassurance each patient needs. If a problem occurs during labor and delivery, it must be dealt with expertly and immediately. This article discusses the diagnostic clues, laboratory tests, and management of neurologic complications related to obstetric delivery and regional anesthesia, as well as the topics of infections, obstetric- and anesthetic-related neurologic deficits, and special tips on neurologic examination. The most common neurologic complication of spinal and epidural anesthesia, postdural puncture headache, will not be discussed in detail here.

Anesthesia, Conduction↗
PubMed1965

PULMONARY ASPIRATION OF GASTRIC ACID--MENDELSON'S SYNDROME.

Three cases of pulmonary aspiration of gastric acid as a complication of obstetrical anesthesia are described. The clinical picture consists of dyspnea, cyanosis, tachycardia and shock appearing several hours after the aspiration has occurred. On examination, the chest may be quite clear, but the chest radiograph shows a picture indistinguishable from that of pulmonary edema. The most important therapeutic measure is the intravenous administration of corticosteroids in large doses for several days. Bronchoscopy is contraindicated. With routine use of epidural anesthesia, this obstetrical complication can be avoided.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1998

[Motor deficit of the lower limbs and urinary incontinence following peridural anesthesia].

Neurological complications of epidural anaesthesia are rare, but can be severe. We report the case of a 49-year-old man, with a history of non equilibrated diabetes, who experienced after an epidural anaesthesia for peripheral vascular surgery a polyneuropathy with muscle weakness of the lower extremities associated with a transient urinary incontinence. A spinal compression was excluded by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Electromyography showed an impaired nervous motor conduction. An aggravation of a pre-existing diabetic and alcoholic polyneuropathy, associated with possible spinal ischaemia of multifactorial origin could be the cause of these complications. This case emphasizes the importance, during preanesthetic assessment of candidates for epidural or spinal anaesthesia, to search for a possible unrecognized neuropathy at risk of aggravation by regional anaesthesia.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1989

Epidural anesthesia for major abdominal surgery complicated by muscular dystrophy--a case report.

Anesthesia for patients with muscular dystrophy is a great challenge to the anesthesiologists. A 56-year-old female with muscular dystrophy was diagnosed as having colon cancer. Since surgical intervention was indicated, epidural anesthesia with double catheters was performed. The entire anesthetic course was uneventful. Based on the experience obtained, it is concluded that epidural anesthesia offers a good alternative to general anesthesia for major abdominal surgery complicated by muscular dystrophy.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗