In vitro studies on complement inactivation by snake venoms.
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Using specific immunological (1) and enzymatic (2) methods, we have measured prokallikrein, total, high, and low molecular weight kininogens in 36 severely burned patients. At admission to the intensive care unit, all constituents were significantly decreased when compared to previously defined reference intervals. The values remained low during the three first days after burn. The changes affecting total and low molecular weight kininogens were significantly correlated (p less than 0.05) with the severity of the burn area. Prokallikrein and kininogens levels were also closely related to the concentrations of C3c and C4 complement factors.
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An enzyme immunoassay to detect complement-fixing antibodies to DNA (CF-antiDNA) was developed. Of SLE sera, 64% had these antibodies as did 6% of 50 rheumatoid arthritis and 3.2% of 93 normal human sera. The mean CF-antiDNA level was higher in the sera of SLE patients with renal disease than those SLE patients who had no renal disease (P less than 0.0001), and higher in those SLE patients with active rather than inactive renal disease (P = 0.006). CF-antiDNA was more closely associated with renal activity than total IgG-antiDNA or CH50. These observations suggest that both the quality and quantity of anti-DNA antibodies play a role in the pathogenesis of renal disease, and that modern enzyme immunoassays help distinguish the relative importance of complement-fixing antibodies to anti-DNA from that of total anti-DNA.