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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Evolutionary conservation of a germ cell-specific lamin persisting through mammalian spermiogenesis.

We had identified earlier a germ cell-specific lamin of 60 kDa in rat which is related to somatic lamin B. This polypeptide was shown to be the only major component organizing the lamina structure of round spermatids. In the present study, we find that this 60-kDa polypeptide persists in the testicular and epididymal sperms of rat. We also show, by indirect immunofluorescence studies, that the 60-kDa protein is antigenically conserved in the germ cells of grasshopper, rooster, and frog and in plant meiocytes. The distribution of fluorescence among the various germ cell populations shows that the antigen is located around the nuclear cortex of pre- and postmeiotic germ cells, while it is distributed all over the pachytene nuclei. The anti-60-kDa polyclonal antibodies also reacted with a 60-kDa polypeptide in the Western blot analysis of nuclear matrix proteins of grasshopper germ cells. The similar fluorescent localization pattern of the antigen observed in various eukaryotic species strongly suggests that this germ cell-specific lamin may play a very crucial role during meiotic prophase, particularly during homologous chromosome pairing and recombination.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Medical management of adolescent drug overdoses.

This article outlines the current clinical approach to poisonings in the adolescent age group. Management issues are presented for several specific substances frequently abused by this population. The purpose of such a review is to stimulate self-education in the practitioner. A secondary goal is to promote awareness of the various manifestations of substance abuse problems to facilitate recognition and referral. Adolescence is often a critical point for effective intervention and prevention on the road from use to addiction. Long-term survival may depend more on substance use rehabilitation than on the initial medical management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Divalent ion-dependent swelling of tomato bushy stunt virus: a multi-approach study.

Time-resolved small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS and SANS) in solution were used to study the swelling reaction of TBSV upon chelation of its constituent calcium at mildly basic pH. SAXS intensities comprise contribution from the protein capsid and the RNA moiety, while neutron scattering, recorded in 72% D2O, is essentially due to the protein capsid. Cryo-electron micrographs of compact and swollen virus were used to produce 3D reconstructions of the initial and final conformations of the virus at a resolution of 13 A and 19 A, respectively. While compact particles appear to be very homogeneous in size, solutions of swollen particles exhibit some size heterogeneity. A procedure has been developed to compute the SAXS pattern from the 3D reconstruction for comparison with experimental data. Cryo-electron microscopy thereby provides an invaluable starting (and ending) point for the analysis of the time-resolved swelling process using the scattering data.

Cations, Divalent↗
PubMed2004

Plant exposures: wilderness medicine.

This article discusses poisonous plants, the symptoms that might arise if they are ingested, and the treatments that should be administered to patients.

Aconitum↗
PubMed2005

A comparative study of cadmium phytoextraction by accumulator and weed species.

Phytoextraction has shown great potential as an alternative technique for the remediation of metal contaminated soils. The objective of this study was to investigate cadmium (Cd) phytoextraction ability of high biomass producing weeds in comparison to indicator plant species. The pot study conducted with 10 to 200 mg Cd kg(-1) soil indicated that Ipomoea carnea was more effective in removing Cd from soil than Brassica juncea. Among the five species, B. juncea accumulated maximum Cd, but I. carnea followed by Dhatura innoxia and Phragmytes karka were the most suitable species for phytoextraction of cadmium from soil, if the whole plant or above ground biomass is harvested. In the relatively short time of this experiment, I. carnea produced more than 5 times more biomass in comparison to B. juncea. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the shoot length and shoot mass of control and treated plants.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed2005

Electrical penetration graphs of thrips revised: combining DC- and AC-EPG signals.

Within thrips feeding behaviour, sequences of four waveforms have been distinguished earlier in the DC-EPG, i.e. P, Q, R and S, representing mandibular stylet insertion, maxillary stylet insertion, ingestion, and repetitive mandibular insertion, respectively. During signal analysis it appeared that transitions from one waveform to the next were difficult to establish, making results ambiguous. In order to improve the quantitative reliability of the thrips' EPG data, the DC-EPGs were recorded concurrently with AC-EPG signals, thus providing two signals from the same activities containing different information. The additional AC information did not solve most quantification problems, however. We now propose to merge waveforms P, Q, and S, into 'puncture phase' (indicated by PQ) and waveforms R, T, and U, into 'feeding phase' (indicated by R), rather than trying to analyse all separate waveforms. This will provide a more reliable and much less laborious analysis of thrips probing behaviour. Waveforms T and U are two novel waveforms identified here by combining DC- and AC-EPG recordings with concurrent video recordings. Waveform T represents a single mandibular thrust embedded in waveform R and waveform U represents the end of a probe, presumably the retraction of the maxillary stylets.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Detection of Tomato spotted wilt virus in its vector Frankliniella occidentalis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

A method for rapid and reliable detection of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (Tospovirus, Bunyaviridae) in its vector Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera Thripidae) would be a useful tool for studying the epidemiology of this virus. A RT-PCR method developed for this purpose is reported. The method was tested on thrips involved in laboratory transmission trials and on thrips collected in the field, whose capability to transmit TSWV was checked previously by leaf disk assays. The RT-PCR results were consistent with the results obtained by the leaf disk assays. Among thrips involved in laboratory experiments, 97% of the adults that transmitted TSWV were positive by RT-PCR; as did some non-transmitter adults reacted, whereas among field-collected thrips only the individuals able to transmit were positive by RT-PCR. In addition, healthy thrips were allowed to feed as adults on virus-infected leaves for 48 h, and then examined by RT-PCR immediately or after starving or feeding on virus-free plants for various times, to determine if virus ingested (but not transmissible) was also detectable. The virus was detectable immediately after the feed or within 12 and 24 h for individuals starved or fed on virus-free plants, respectively, but not after those periods. Thus, the method could detect rapidly and reliably the virus in vectors from the field, providing 24 h of starving to avoid positive RT-PCR results from thrips simply carrying the virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

The metabolic effects of native and transgenic hemoglobins on plants.

The strictly aerobic bacterium Vitreoscilla expresses a hemoglobin-like protein, VHb, when subjected to oxygen stress. When expressed in plants, this has several intriguing physiological effects, such as improving the overall growth rate, speeding germination and flowering, and increasing the productivity of certain oxygen-requiring metabolic pathways. Although the mechanisms behind the effects of VHb in heterologous hosts are not yet fully characterized, it has been suggested that VHb facilitates oxygen transport and/or storage. This hypothesis is supported by the kinetic properties of VHb, which allow very rapid dissociation of oxygen from the protein.

Bacteria, Aerobic↗
PubMed1977

Jimson seed poisoning-- a new hallucinogen on the horizon.

Of 27 patients with Jimson seed poisoning recently treated in the University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 15 were admitted to the hospital, while 12 were treated and released. The patients ranged in age from 13 to 21. The dose was between 2 gm and 25 gm. Time from ingestion to arrival in the emergency department averaged 12.1 hours for those admitted and 10 hours for those who were not. All patients had altered mental status. Twenty-five of the 27 received Ipecac and all but one received at least 2 mg of physostigmine, which produced dramatic improvement in central nervous system symptoms. The authors have developed a management protocol based on physiologic criteria.

Adolescent↗