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At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Morphology of "asphyxia-induced epiglottis form" in newborn infants, infants and young children].

A systematic histological study of cross-sections of the larynx from 52 fatalities (neonates, infants and young children) revealed a broad spectrum of anatomical variants in the epiglottis form, which were caused by variations in the epiglottic cartilage. There was no correlation between the epiglottis form and the age of the child. Furthermore, no differences in shape could be established between cases of SIDS and control cases. The term "asphyxial-related epiglottis form" appears to be inappropriate. The commonly found supraglottic laryngitis on the laryngeal aspect of the epiglottis was seen in combination with histologically proven infections in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Histological investigation of the larynx provides valuable information for the morphological diagnosis in fatal cases in early life.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1987

Cartilagenous tumours of the larynx.

A brief review of the literature on cartilagenous tumours of the larynx is presented and their pathology, clinical features and treatment is discussed: Chondromas are rare; Chondrosarcomas can be potentially fatal. Conservative surgical therapy and close follow up is the essential line of treatment for tumours of the cricoid cartilage. Three new cases are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Triticeous cartilage: prevalence on panoramic radiographs and diagnostic criteria.

OBJECTIVES: To determine (1) the prevalence of calcified triticeous cartilage on panoramic radiographs of subjects older than 40 years of age, (2) the age and sex distribution of the subjects who have calcified triticeous cartilage, and (3) if the shape of triticeous cartilage differs from that of calcified carotid atheroma. STUDY DESIGN: In this retrospective study, triticeous cartilages were diagnosed from 847 panoramic radiographs. The shapes of triticeous cartilages and calcified carotid atheromas were determined using SigmaScan software. RESULTS: Prevalence of triticeous cartilage was 5.0% in males and 12.0% in females. The prevalence was 9.3% in the 40- to 60-year-old group (n=464) and 7.8% in the group older than 60 years (n=383). The triticeous cartilages were oval with smooth borders, whereas calcified carotid atheromas were mostly linear. CONCLUSIONS: Calcified triticeous cartilage was more prevalent in females. The prevalence was not age dependent. Shape, outline, and location of the triticeous cartilage can help in differentiating it from a carotid atheroma.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Replacement of the arytenoid following vertical hemilaryngectomy.

A considerable body of literature advocates and defines treatment of vocal cord cancer with posterior extension by hemilaryngectomy. The present study was carried out to determine the feasibility of using a newly devised pedicle flap, composed of thyroid cartilage and inferior constrictor muscle, to replace the ablated arytenoid cartilage. Animal investigation revealed satisfactory viability of the pedicle flap in canines, and in humans, five patients with T2 glottic carcinoma demonstrated excellent postoperative deglutition and return of voice. The results of the study indicate that this surgical technique merits consideration for its use in minimizing protracted glottic incompetence following hemilaryngectomy. The thyroid cartilage-inferior constrictor muscle pedicle flap may also prove useful as partial cricoid replacement in selected cases of subglottic extension and in cricoid reconstruction following trauma.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Contralateral laryngoplasty after supraglottic laryngectomy with vertical extension.

Eight patients with supraglottic carcinoma extending onto an arytenoid or true vocal cord have undergone supraglottic laryngectomy with vertical extension including the resection of an arytenoid. In these patients, the contralateral superior thyroid cornua was used to reconstruct the resulting defect. In this technique, the thyroid cornua is mobilized and green-stick fractured across the posterior commissure, maintaining its blood supply by leaving the inferior and middle pharyngeal constrictor attached. This muscle-cartilage pedicle flap provides bulk for the posterior glottis and can be anchored anteriorly to form the framework for a new vocal cord. Hypopharyngeal and pyriform sinus mucosa is then mobilized to cover the newly reconstructed hemilarynx. This reconstruction has provided a competent glottis with a good vocal baffle in every patient in this series. Preservation of airway, voice, and laryngeal sphincter is comparable with that achieved after routine supraglottic laryngectomy without resection of an arytenoid. Using this technique, the surgeon can rely on a pedicle graft with surprising accessibility, bulk, and reach.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Histology of Isshiki thyroplasty type I.

Isshiki thyroplasty type I, an open surgical procedure to medialize the true vocal cord, has been proposed as an alternative to Teflon injection in selected cases of recurrent nerve paralysis or vocalis muscle atrophy. This operation was performed in a man with a mediastinal tumor and a paralyzed vocal cord in an intermediate position. He died 1 month later, and his larynx and recurrent nerve were studied histologically. The gross and microscopic changes in the larynx caused by this operation are discussed, and the pathologic changes in the recurrent nerve leading to the paralysis are examined.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[On the recurrence risk with partial larynx resections (author's transl)].

28 cases of recurrences after 127 vertical and horizontal partial larynx resections (22 per cent) were analysed. Unfavourable preconditions for partial resections are the affliction of the ary cartilage and arrest of vocal chord movility. The hemiresections according to Hautant have the heighest recidivation percentage (40 per cent) judging from the observations available. Radical operations after failured partial resections are uncertain as to their prognoses.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Ectopic cartilage in subglottic stenosis: hamartoma or reaction to trauma?

In an experimental study in growing rabbits an endolaryngeal injury to the subglottis resulted in the development of a stenosis due to the formation of scar tissue containing ectopic cartilage. For comparison, biopsies taken from the subglottic stenosis in 8 children were studied histologically. In 6 cases ectopic cartilage was observed; all patients had a history of endotracheal intubation. In 3 children the diagnosis hamartoma was made. In the remaining 3 cases the formation of ectopic cartilage might have been a direct reaction to the endolaryngeal intubation. The observations suggest that the formation of ectopic cartilage in acquired subglottic stenosis is not always due to a developmental aberration such as a hamartoma.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis of tumor invasion of the cartilage in neoplasm of the larynx using computed tomography].

The demonstration of the tumoral invasion of the cartilaginous structure of the larynx is a fact that contraindicates any conservative treatment, either surgical or radiotherapeutic. The usual methods of clinical exploration, such as direct or indirect laryngoscopy or fiberoptic laryngoscopy are not very useful, as well as conventional radiology which presents little sensitivity to defect tumoral invasion. It has been communicated previously that computerised tomography (CT) is more sensitive. In our evaluation of these different diagnostic methods, we present a series of 51 patients with laryngeal cancer at different stages in a hom studies prior to surgery using computerised tomography (CT) have been realised. We evaluate the efficacy of his diagnostic method in the tumoral invasion of the laryngeal backbone. Results have been analysed, demonstrating that this method is superior to other techniques used.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Cartilaginous tumors of the trachea and larynx.

Cartilaginous tumors of the larynx are uncommon, with approximately 250 having been reported in the literature. Only 28% of these were chondrosarcomas, and the remainder, chondromas. Cartilaginous tumors occur even more rarely in the trachea, with eight chondromas and four chondrosarcomas having been reported. A review of the literature with an outline of a reasonable treatment philosophy for these tumours is presented, as well as three case reports of chondrosarcoma of the larynx and one of chondroma of the trachea, which demonstrate common characteristics of these tumors. We also describe a new technique used on one of these patients in which an autologous rib cartilage graft and pyriform fossa mucosal flap are used to reconstruct the cricoid ring after resection of more than two thirds of its circumference, allowing decannulation and good voice postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Role and limitations of vertical hemilaryngectomy.

Two types of vertical hemilaryngectomy are discussed. The frontolateral operation is indicated for infiltrating lesions of the cord, anterior to the vocal process, which approach or involve the anterior commissure. It should not be used for carcinomas which extend posteriorly beyond the tip of the vocal process, into the ventricle or below the inferior surface of the cord. The "extended" frontolateral operation is useful for infiltrative cordal lesions showing (1) posterior extension to or beyond the tip of the vocal process, but not into the posterior commissure, (2) beginning impairment of motility without actual fixation of the cord, (3) limited and superficial extension to the ventricle or margin of the ventricular band, or (4) subglottic extension amounting to no more than a few millimeters. The lesions are removed en bloc, along with a large portion of the thyroid cartilage and usually the entire arytenoid. Accurate delineation of the gross extent of the lesion is essential if these techniques are to be successfully applied. Failures are likely if attempts are made to over-extend the indications.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vertical partial laryngectomy for glottic carcinoma with posterior subglottic extension.

Posterior subglottic extension of glottic carcinoma has been a contraindication for partial laryngectomy because of the proximity of the cricoid cartilage. Resection of the upper portion of the posterior aspect of the cricoid is necessary for adequate tumor resection but is complicated by persistent aspiration. This paper presents a method of reconstruction following partial posterior cricoid resection.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗