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PubMedDate not supplied

Associated orthodontic, surgical and hematological management of Cooley s anemia. Report of a case.

Cooley s anaemia or b-thalassaemia or mediterranean anaemia is a blood disease characterised by malformation of the skull and long bones, which confers a typical appearance on the patient. The complete development of facial abnormalities can be prevented by an intensive blood transfusion programme or by bone-marrow-transplantation. At the present time these therapeutic strategies would be able to help these patients grow and develop, live a prolonged life and avoid bad surgical RESULTS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of orthodontic and maxillofacial surgical corrective treatment associated with an appropriate transfusion therapy in a b-thalassemic patient. The patient enrolled in the study was affected by major b-thalassemia and diagnosis was performed as an infant. She was referred to our centre at puberty for dento-maxillofacial disorders. Clinical, haematological and radiographic evaluation permitted a complete diagnosis. She received a combined haematological, orthodontic and maxillofacial surgical treatment. Controls for evaluating the statement of results obtained were performed at different times after the end of the therapy and have shown that the therapeutic objectives had been achieved and maintained. At the present time, complete diagnostic and therapeutic haematological strategies cannot be carried out on a large scale, especially in countries where health resources are limited. This objective reason, associated with possible low patient compliance, explains why we still encounter severe facial deformities resulting from erythroid hyperplasia. Our results suggest that this facial disfigurement requires surgical and orthodontic correction by consolidated surgical-orthodontic techniques performed according to the appropriate anaemia therapy. Although this is a preliminary study, initial encouraging results show no relapse three years after the end of the therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Combined maxillary and mandibular osteotomies.

In certain patient categories single-jaw surgery will not result in the optimal outcome that can be achieved through bimaxillary surgery. These include patients with asymmetrical facial deformities (usually mid and lower face), long face deformity with vertical maxillary excess and significant mandibular retrognathism, and bimaxillary protrusion or retrusion. To correct such deformities a well-planned and orchestrated orthodontic preparation followed by bimaxillary orthognathic surgery is necessary. An interim occlusal splint will guide the surgeon in moving the maxilla, and the final splint will position the mandible. Precise attention to detail throughout the operative course is essential to an optimal outcome. Rigid fixation will minimize the need for traditional intermaxillary wiring.

Facial Asymmetry↗
PubMed1990

Who needs surgical-orthodontic treatment?

The indication for surgical-orthodontic treatment is a skeletal or dentoalveolar deformity so severe that the magnitude of the problem lies outside the envelope of possible correction by orthodontics alone. For adults, this means that satisfactory correction by tooth movement is not possible; for children, it means that the problem cannot be corrected satisfactorily by a combination of tooth movement and growth modification. Correction of the dental occlusion is not an adequate description of successful treatment; satisfactory facial esthetics must also result. Extrapolation from existing data for malocclusion in the United States suggests that there are a total of 1.2 million individuals in the present population with problems severe enough to require surgical-orthodontic treatment for satisfactory correction. Of these, 700,000 have Class II malocclusions and 300,000 have Class III malocclusions. Approximately 220,000 individuals have long-face problems and another 220,000 have other problems, but these groups have about a 60% overlap with the Class II and Class III groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Lingually displaced mandibular canine teeth: orthodontic treatment alternatives in the dog.

Lingual displacements of mandibular canine teeth often occur following retention of deciduous canine teeth. This condition often results in trauma of occlusion to the lingual aspect of the maxillary canine tooth and the further development of a periodontal pocket or an oronasal fistula. This condition can be corrected using orthodontic appliances. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and illustrate the various alternatives available for correction of this common malocclusion in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Ectopia or concomitant hypohyperdontia? A case report.

This report describes the unusual appearance seen on a panoramic radiograph of an orthodontic patient which the authors argue may represent ectopia or concomitant hypohyperdontia of the mandibular premolar teeth. A literature review describes the frequency of such anomalies in this area from previous studies. The presenting features of the patient and the differential diagnoses are explored. Treatment planning is discussed and treatment carried out in this particular case is detailed. The unusual symmetrical bilateral anomalies in this patient may point to a genetic determinant of tooth germ position and/or movement.

Anodontia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extractions in support of orthodontic treatment.

Extractions in support of orthodontic therapy may be done in any combination of teeth. The more common extraction patterns are: 1. Maxillary and mandibular first premolars; 2. Maxillary first and mandibular second premolars; 3. Maxillary and mandibular second premolars; 4. Maxillary first premolar; 5. Maxillary second permanent molar; 6. Maxillary first permanent molars; 7. Maxillary permanent lateral incisors; 8. Mandibular permanent incisors; or 9. Any possible combination and variation for other considerations. Extractions have been proven to support changes in the profile, helping in the alignment of teeth and in reducing lower facial height. The decision as to whether or not to extract requires a great deal of thoughtful application of diagnostic skills.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1996

Orthodontic management of the short face patient.

A short lower face may accompany various types of malocclusions depending on the structural etiology. Because most cephalometric analyses focus on the anteroposterior plane of space, they are often insufficient in diagnosing a significant vertical dysplasia. This article describes a cephalometric analysis that examines not only the vertical proportions of the face, but the various anatomical features that contribute to the dysplasia. Diagnosis is further enhanced by evaluating the facial profile with the mandible postured at various amounts of opening, suggesting the degree of vertical discrepancy. Traditional orthodontic therapy corrects the associated malocclusion but is usually ineffective in changing inherent facial proportions. However, several orthopedic methods have shown the ability to increase lower facial height when used in combination with nonextraction orthodontic mechanotherapy. Adults with short faces require a combination of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. The Class II malocclusion can usually be managed by surgically advancing the mandible with the curve of Spee maintained. In cases of vertical maxillary deficiency, the LeFort I osteotomy with inferior repositioning provides the spatial correction that is needed. Two cases are presented to illustrate the cephalometric and facial analyses used in diagnosis, as well as the common surgical procedures to manage the short face patient.

Adult↗