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PubMed2003

Sexual aggression: mad, bad, and mad.

Legal institutions in the Western liberal tradition ordinarily rely primarily on the criminal justice system to address conduct by some individuals that deliberately harms other individuals. The mental health system provides an alternative institutional structure through which societies can address such harmful behavior. Those who deliberately engage in conduct that causes harm to others are traditionally addressed through either the criminal justice or mental health systems on the basis of their being categorized as either "bad or mad." This paper examines some of the relevant reasons for categorizing sexual aggression as bad or mad. It emphasizes the significance of such categorization for the broader set of legal institutions of coercive social control and for the manner in which we respond to persons within those institutions.

Aggression↗
PubMed1995

Aboriginal wellbeing and liquor licensing legislation in Western Australia.

This paper is based on the results of a project undertaken as the basis for a submission to the committee established to review the Western Australian Liquor Licensing Act 1988. It reports on key issues relating to liquor licensing, as identified by members of regional Aboriginal organisations. Among these issues are the promotion of alcohol consumption and misuse, discriminatory practices by licensees and the police and the need for greater community involvement in liquor licensing decisions. To address these issues, members of the participating organisations proposed: inclusion of a harm-minimisation objective in the Act, education and training programs for the public, licensees and the police, and industry funding for harm-minimisation programs.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1988

Perception of violence as a function of observer's ideology and actor's group membership.

This article examines how conservative and radical subjects explain and judge aggression perpetrated by institutional (i.e. policeman) or anomic (i.e. delinquents) agents. One hundred and twenty-nine university students in Lisbon, either very conservative or very radical, selected five causes out of a total of 30 to explain an aggressive act committed by a given actor toward an unknown victim in unspecified circumstances. Half of the causes were internal and half were external. Subjects also had to rate the amount of violence, the responsibility of the agent, and the potential punishment. In accordance with the hypotheses, conservative and radical subjects used different types of causes to explain the aggression of different actors and they judged the act differently according to the perpetrator. Moreover, for all subjects there was a significant correlation between perceived violence, responsibility and punishment. These judgements, however, correlated significantly with the type of attribution only in the case of conservative subjects: the more tolerant conservatives were, the more external causes they selected. These results are discussed in the light of the social dimensions most valued by observers of aggressive episodes.

Guilt↗
PubMed1976

Non-accidental injury in children: what we do in Derby.

A scheme for dealing with cases of non-accidental injury in children in the Derby clinical area has been operating since 1971. A stable team of doctors, policemen, and social workers deal with each case. The parents are told at once that battering is suspected, and the police and social services department co-operate closely in establishing the facts, supporting the family, and protecting the child. A psychiatric assessment of the parents may help social workers decide on the long-term care of the child, and the forensic physician is invaluable if the case has to go to court. The team has made three recommendations about prevention and management of these cases: a specialist social service team should be set up to deal with these children and regain the skills and knowledge lost when children's departments were abolished in 1971; babies should be routinely weighed naked in infant welfare clinics; and juvenile courts should be able to order a psychiatric report on the parents in care proceedings.

Battered Child Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

Publishing the findings of clinical research.

Current regulations and practice may not prevent a sponsor of clinical research from delaying or preventing the dissemination of findings that do not support his or her commercial, professional, or managerial interests. Pharmaceutical trials are particularly subject to this concern, but the issue of non-publication has a wider significance. Patients participate in research on the understanding that it will be of public benefit. To be fair to these patients we must confirm that data will be analysed without bias and that findings will be regarded as being in the public domain and hence available to interested reviewers even if the results do not justify publication. Clinical investigators and ethics committees have the power and the duty to enforce this outcome.

Biomedical Research↗