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PubMed1995

[A specific disorder of Kanji writing observed in a learning-disabled child--cognitive-psychological and neuropsychological analysis].

We reported a learning-disabled child who demonstrated a specific disorder of Kanji writing. A right-handed 13-year-old boy had showed no abnormality in general intelligence (VIQ114 and PIQ 100 in WISC-R), but could write only 35% of Kanji, which he should have learned six years before. It was necessary to develop a new test battery to detect the symptom which had not been detected using current existing test batteries. In cognitive-psychology, this patient had a retrieval disorder of graphic forms of Kanji. In addition, he showed a disorder in reproduction of complex graphic forms which he was asked to remember. Therefore, it is likely that he had a disorder for both Kanji and complex graphic forms, which is similar to the syndrome of pure agraphia of Kanji in adults.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Research series: Part 3 of 6. Annotated bibliography: poster preparation, abstract writing, and collaborative research.

This is the third in a series of annotated bibliographies on research topics that will appear in the ANNA Journal. The bibliographies were prepared by members of ANNA's Research Special Interest Group, which was chaired by Nancy Hoffart, PhD, RN, in 1991-1992 and is currently chaired by Donna Hathaway, PhD, RN. Each bibliography focuses on a particular topic and includes reviews of research books and articles published in nursing and allied health journals in recent years. This series is intended to assist nephrology nurse researchers in locating resources to plan and implement research studies and to communicate and implement research findings. The annotation for each item includes a full citation, a brief summary, and a categorization of the content level. The following key was used in rating the content level for each citation: (a) Basic/Introductory--For professionals who have no previous research background; (b) Intermediate--For professionals who possess some knowledge of the research process and terminology, and have participated in some research projects; and (c) Advanced--For professionals who possess broad knowledge and experience with research projects. The topics in this issue cover poster preparation, abstract writing, and collaborative research. Contributors to this bibliography were Billie J. Kostro, Christine Mudge, and Karen L. Yennie. The first installment covered grant writing (see February 1993 issue, volume 20, number 1). The second installment covered development of a research proposal, literature review, and theoretical and conceptual frameworks (see April 1993 issue, volume 20, number 2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abstracting and Indexing↗

PubMed1996

[A specific disorder in Kanji writing in a learning disabled child with a visual cognition disorder--a cognitive-neuropsychological and electrophysiological analysis].

We reported a learning disabled child with a specific disorder involving Kanji writing. The patient was a 13-year-old boy. Although he manifested generally normal intellectual ability and his performance on WISC-R indicated that VIQ was 101 and PIQ 84, he could only write approximately 20% of Kanji, which he learned at age 6 to 7. On cognitive-psychological tests, he showed a visual cognition disorder that was different from that in a previously reported case during information processing. Electrophysiologically, he showed a disorder in visual task-relevant potentials. The mechanism underlying this patient appears to be a retrieval disorder for complex graphic forms in addition to a visual cognition disorder because of two reasons. One is that he could distinguish Kanji from similar graphic forms. The other is that he could read Kanji aloud.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Florence Nightingale's concept of home nursing: an analysis of her writings].

The purpose of this study is to identify Miss Florence Nightingale's concept of home nursing in the 19th century. The texts of her 27 writings were analyzed in terms of home nursing. In her writings of 1850's, she discussed patients' own homes as well as hospitals as the settings where nursing care should be provided. "Hospitals are an intermediate stage of civilization" was the recognition which formed the core of her philosophy. Miss Nightingale envisaged "nursing care provided to individuals in their own homes" was more desirable and could replace hospitalization. If in their own homes, patients could be helped to feel the everydayness and independency of their life. Miss Nightingale thought, a concept very similar to the concept of normalization of today. In her later years she expressed that she expected home nursing could become and everyday fact. Miss Nightingale used the term "home nursing" as early as 1900 in the same sense as it is today, the concept of home combined to that of nursing. It is one of the findings that should be noted in the history of home nursing.

Community Health Nursing↗

PubMed1991

Poetic license: using the Exner system of Rorschach analysis to understand client writings.

Is it possible to generalize client responses to Rorschach stimuli to their responses to other stimuli in the life space? If so, can we interpret their responses without a formal administration? This paper explores the application of Exner-based Rorschach techniques to client verbalizations and writings. This exploration is conducted by taking "poetic license" with the Exner system and analyzing three pieces of literature: poems by Basho, Ezra Pound, and Siv Cedering Fox. It appears that there is some face validity to the notion that psychological processes can be inferred by interpreting language according to some Exner concepts and techniques.

Creativity↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Painting a mural and writing an article: creative rehabilitation strategies.

In this article, the authors describe a creative rehabilitation process that used painting a mural and writing for publication as interventions. The successful rehabilitation process is described from the perspective of the patient as well as the rehabilitation nurse. Creative strategies often are needed when a patient does not readily respond to traditional rehabilitation methods. A patient's interests, talents, and concerns often can be creatively aligned with the rehabilitation goals of the nurse and can result in unique interventions that have successful outcomes. Painting a mural and coauthoring this article became the primary rehabilitation interventions for a patient with expressive aphasia and impaired mobility, secondary to his stroke in 1987.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Writing, reviewing, and presenting an abstract.

Abstracts afford an opportunity to report data at professional meetings and, when published, in the literature. Accordingly, they should be prepared with great care. When writing an abstract, anticipate questions the reviewer will ask when judging it and provide complete answers. The presentation of an abstract should follow similar thought processes. State why a problem or question is important, how you addressed it, what you found, and how your findings can be applied to the issue at hand. Slides and text should provide coordinated visual and auditory input, respectively, to ensure complete comprehension.

Abstracting and Indexing↗

PubMed2003

Focused expressive writing as self-help for stress and trauma.

In the therapy process, the process of disclosing about stressful or traumatic events is often considered essential. One such manner is through focused expressive writing (FEW) about stressful or traumatic experiences. FEW is related to improvements in health and well-being, across a wide array of outcomes and participant characteristics. As FEW requires limited involvement of other individuals, is relatively low cost, and portable, it has tremendous potential as self-help. In particular, FEW may be an effective means to reach populations unwilling or unable to engage in psychotherapy. A case illustration of FEW is presented. Evidence and future directions for FEW as self-help are reviewed.

Adjustment Disorders↗

PubMed1989

Artful design: writing the proposal for research in the naturalist paradigm.

The preparation of the research proposal for a study that involves an emergent research design compels the investigator to negotiate the paradox of planning what should not be planned in advance. This paper is a guide to writing the proposal for research in the naturalist paradigm, and includes illustrative sections of a proposal recently funded by the National Center for Nursing Research.

Data Collection↗

PubMed1995

Spatially specific deficits in processing graphemic representations in reading and writing.

We report the performance of two brain-damaged subjects, HB and ML, whose spelling performance is characterized by selective impairment in processing the side of words contralateral to their brain damage. A striking feature of these patients' performance was the fact that their spelling errors in all tasks--written naming, written and oral spelling, and delayed copy transcription--almost exclusively concerned the right half of words (in the case of HB) or the left half of words (in the case of ML), regardless of length of the target response. These patterns of performance are interpreted as indicating damage at the level of the grapheme description computed in all spelling tasks. We also discuss the additional observations that HB tended to complete words with nonrandom letter sequences in misspelling the final half of the word and that ML tended to preserve the initial letter of the word (in forward but not backward spelling) even when she made errors on other letters in the initial half of the word. Finally, the relationship between these spatially specific impairments of reading and writing and their relationship to spatially specific deficits in non-lexical tasks is reviewed.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

How to write an English medical manuscript that will be published and have impact.

English has become the international language in our world of learning. Yet to write a medical manuscript in a second language that is so difficult to master is a challenge for many doctors whose native language is not English. My aim is to convey that it need not be such a challenge if you follow a few simple rules based on the concept of "simplicity = clarity = effective communication." Your aim is to publish important research findings and contribute to medical advancement; however, your paper will have impact only if the readers can understand it easily.

Language↗

PubMed2005

Reading and writing: psychoanalytical treatment in a case of paranoia.

Difficulties encountered in clinical work with psychoses require psychoanalytical approaches different from those used for treating neurosis. The authors use a clinical case of a paranoiac patient to highlight the role played by writing, drawing, and painting in the psychoanalytical treatment of psychosis. They also discuss the role of the reader-analyst in this patient's transferential process, which led to the emergence of a new subjectivity.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Writing a successful grant application.

In summary, the research application must focus on a solid objective and be supported by a clear and concise plan for its accomplishment. For the new faculty member applying the first time for outside research funding, it is important to seek help from experienced and more senior colleagues, especially those who are actively serving on NIH Study Sections. It is a good idea to remember that the individuals reviewing applications are some of our busiest scientists. The job of grant review is clearly an added assignment that they willingly donate their time to and one needs to consider this when writing a grant application. Anything that can be done to make the reviewer's job easier can only help the application. Brevity, clarity, and organization are essential to a good application. As has been repeatedly mentioned, one of the major application weaknesses sited is a lack of focus, especially in the presentation of the Research Plans. For the new applicant, it is very helpful to plan enough time for completion of the application so that it could be reviewed by others thoroughly knowledgeable in this particular area. Once the application is submitted, the applicant should take advantage of opportunities to interact with the Executive Secretary of the Study Section to which the grant is assigned. Every institution's research office maintains a book identifying all of the Study Sections, the current members of the Study Section, and the Chairman. The assignment of the grant application to a particular study is an administrative one occurring at NIH upon receipt of the grant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

National Institutes of Health (U.S.)↗

PubMed1991

Read but not write "idea": evidence for a third reading mechanism.

Most information processing accounts of reading incorporate either two or three mechanisms by which oral reading may be accomplished. The existence of a "third" mechanism by which words may be read lexically but without semantic mediation remains controversial. We report data from a patient (W.T.) with an infarction involving Wernicke's area who was unable to write, repeat, or comprehend words of low imageability yet read these and other words reliably; the patient could not, however, read nonwords. As the patient was unable to read on the basis of sublexical print-to-sound correspondences and, at least for words of low image-ability, was unable to read by means of a semantically mediated process, the data from this patient are most readily accommodated by models of reading incorporating three mechanisms.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of the sequence of writing on both sides of a paper.

One of the most difficult subjects the Examiner of Questioned Documents had to deal with is the determination of the sequence of written materials. As far as this author knows, techniques are available only for cases where the relevant writings are placed on the same side of the paper. Numerous experiments have been made on a range of papers varying in weight. In all of these tests both sides of the paper were typewritten as well as handwritten (pencil, pen, ball-point pen and fountain pen). Several samples are shown where the possibility of such determination is seen to be feasible, especially in cases where both sides are typewritten and where one is typewritten and the other is handwritten with pencil, ball-point pen and fountain pen.

Handwriting↗

PubMed2004

Writing a qualitative research report.

A research project in nursing or nursing education is probably only complete once the findings have been published. This paper offers a format for writing a qualitative research report for publication. It suggests, at least, the following sections: introduction, aims of the study, review of the literature, sample, data collection methods, data analysis methods, findings, discussion, conclusion, abstract. Each of these sections is addressed along with many written-out examples. In some sections, alternative approaches are suggested. The aim of the paper is to help the neophyte researcher to structure his or her report and for the experienced researcher to reflect on his or her current practice. References to other source material on qualitative research are given.

Humans↗

PubMed2005

An approach to the writing of a scientific manuscript.

OBJECTIVE: Writing a scientific manuscript is one of the most important tasks facing the academician, and may also be one of the most daunting. MATERIALS: The essentials of any paper include a description of what is known, an assessment of what is unknown, a clear statement regarding the question and hypothesis being addressed by the current study, and a discussion and summary of new information that has been learned as a result of the study. CONCLUSIONS: A formulaic approach is provided to guide the author through this process.

Biomedical Research↗

PubMed2004

Writing a qualitative research report.

Data Collection↗