PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Health Promotion”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Health promotion in the practice setting: findings from a review of clinical issues.

BACKGROUND: Many agencies over the last few decades have called for the explicit inclusion and application of health promotion in all aspects of nursing practice. This article reviews the body of empirical (research-based) and theoretical (conceptual) literature addressing health promotion in nursing clinical practice, to uncover its nature, intention, and impact. APPROACH: The aim of this review was to identify from the nursing literature what is reported on in relation to health promotion activity, both theoretical and clinical in the practice setting. An extensive review identified that literature pertaining to these issues clustered around the categories of: theorising and conceptualising the meaning and purpose of health promotion in nursing practice, the development and testing of tools and models for practice, and the exploration of attitudes, behaviours, roles and functions of nurses and health professionals in practice. FINDINGS: Against more recent trends in health promotion, the literature shows that broader and wide-ranging health promotion reform has yet to have universal impact, whereas conventional health education activities remain the mainstay for the majority of "health promotion" activities in nursing practice. Where nurses purport to be conducting "health promotion" they are often conducting behavioural, lifestyle, and risk-orientated health education. The findings of this review therefore support the notion that much of nursing-related health practice is firmly located in reactive ill health and disease risk-specific preventive locations, instead of incorporating and instilling broader societal, economic, ecological, and political dimensions of health promotion. Recommendations for wider reform, developed from personal opinion and supported by the literature, are presented. CONCLUSIONS: It is argued that nursing bodies, as well as individual nurses themselves, should seek current health promotion locations in nursing practice, and find effective ways to implement health promotion strategies and, subsequently, equip practitioners with the necessary resources and skills to engage with other health promotion agencies. Future research should be aimed at implementing and evaluating broad health promotion processes.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A model for worksite cancer prevention: integration of health protection and health promotion in the WellWorks Project.

OBJECTIVES: To describe a theoretic approach and rationale for the integration of health protection and health promotion in worksite cancer prevention programs and to describe an intervention study designed to implement this integration. METHODS: Twenty-four worksites were recruited to participate in this randomized, controlled study. The theoretically based intervention model integrates health promotion and health protection through (1) joint worker-management participation in program planning and implementation, (2) consultation on worksite changes, and (3) educational programs targeting health behavior change. RESULTS: Although the primary purpose of this paper is to describe a theoretic approach to the integration of health promotion and health protection, preliminary results are also noted. In these predominantly manufacturing worksites, many workers faced the double jeopardy of exposures to occupational carcinogens and personal risks such as smoking or poor dietary habits. Production workers' job responsibilities frequently limited their full participation. Barriers to participation were identified early in the project, and strategies were developed to facilitate maximal worker involvement and worksite changes. CONCLUSIONS: Lifestyle changes such as smoking cessation or dietary changes may be more effectively promoted among blue collar audiences when programs also encourage management actions to reduce occupational exposures. Public health professionals trained in health promotion and health protection must work together to effectively address the health concerns of this population.

Health Education↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Men's health promotion in the UK: a hidden problem.

Health promotion services for men are often medically oriented or sporadic in nature. To meet men's health needs, issues of changing socioeconomic patterns and patriarchal dominance need to be addressed. An understanding of the basis for destructive male lifestyles, combined with innovative health promotion initiatives, must be implemented if men's health is to improve.

Health Promotion↗
PubMed1996

Community nurses and health promotion: ethical and political perspectives.

This paper brings together ideas from two perspectives on ethics and health promotion. A discussion of the ethical dimension of the health promotion practice of community nurses is set in the wider context of health policy, with particular reference to health gain and individual responsibility. It is widely held that nurses have a key role to play in health promotion and that this is particularly the case for nurses working in primary health care. This assumption is reinforced by policy documents from the World Health Organization, the Department of Health and statutory bodies such as the United Kingdom Central Council for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting. The approach of many nurses to health promotion has tended on the one hand to be somewhat naive and on the other to be authoritarian and didactic; there has been little discussion in the nursing literature of the ethical aspects of health promotion. However, recent developments in nurse education, such as Project 2000 and the consequent changes to preregistration programmes, have resulted in increased attention to both ethics and health promotion within the curriculum.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1987

Community involvement in health promotion: progress or panacea?

There are many arenas within which health promotion may be located. This paper addresses the issues involved in the development of health promotion in one such arena: the community health movement. This movement is complex and dynamic. When reference is made to non-statutory health action, or to community involvement in health, this complexity may not be fully appreciated. There is a tendency for the range of activity to be reduced to its most "visible" form: self-help activity. However, there is more to the community health movement than this. A typology is offered here in which three levels of community-based activity in Britain are identified. These are referred to as self-help groups, community health groups and community development health projects. The breadth and range of this activity reflects the inability of formalized health care to tackle many of the underlying causes of ill-health. Each type of community health activity exists as a declaration of this failure, but some forms of activity may be welcomed by the health professions whilst others may not. In particular the numerically small community development health projects offer a significant challenge to formal health care because they seek to encourage collective health activity by those who are least in control of their own health. It is within the context of developing strategies for health promotion that community health action is most relevant. National and local strategy documents suggest that community involvement is essential for the successful promotion of health. Fully comprehensive participation by community groups signifies a major shift in our perceptions of health and health care. An appreciation of the existing range of health action in communities is an important starting point for medical health professionals engaged in this task.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2003

Beijing health promoting universities: practice and evaluation.

The aims of this study were to create a health promoting university within the framework of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Strategies included reforming and issuing healthy policies, creating a healthy physical and social environment, developing personal health skills, reorienting the health services, and implementing intervention activities. To evaluate the study, 180 students and 120 teaching/administrative staff were sampled for an in-depth interview with open-ended questions administered 1 year after the launch of the project. To assess health knowledge and behavior, 2500 students were sampled to answer a questionnaire, both prior to and following project implementation. With respect to policies, environment and health services, 166 students and 117 teaching and administrative staff participated in the in-depth interview. Approximately three-quarters (75.90%) of university students considered that the physical environment of the campus had improved significantly and 83.73% reported they had a good social environment. All university administration departments made commitments to health promotion. Consultations on mental health, smoking cessation and STD/AIDS prevention were provided all year round. Health education was included in a curriculum as a selective course with 1-2 credits. Almost two-thirds (60.66%) of teaching/administrative staff reported that they had had a yearly physical examination. In the final stages of the research, significantly more college students reported improved mental health (38.25% compared with 17.93% at baseline) (p < 0.01) and more were knowledgeable about transmission of STDs/AIDS (57.00/35.50% compared with 51.66/28.20% at baseline, respectively) (p < 0.01). Significantly less regular smokers were found (45% compared with 15.81% at baseline) (p < 0.01). However, there was a significant increase in high-fat food intake (44.81% compared with 49.50%) (p < 0.01) and pre-marital sex (5.11% compared with 14.00%), and a significant decrease in physical exercise participation (29.41% compared with 23.50%) (p < 0.01). As a health promotion setting, the university community can benefit greatly from implementing health promotion campaigns based on the principles of the Ottawa Charter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The adaptability of the health promoting schools concept: a case study from Australia.

The adoption of the concept of the health promoting school internationally indicates that it is a timely and flexible concept that can be utilized by different countries to accommodate their particular contexts. Political, economic and socio-cultural factors are powerful forces that shape the construction of health promoting schools globally. How some of these factors operate will be exemplified through a description of the health promoting school movement in Australia with commonalities and variations with activities in member countries of the European Network of Health Promoting Schools highlighted. The unique role globally of the Australian Health Promoting Schools Association, as a non-government organization specifically established to promote the concept of the health promoting school, is described. Its contribution is as a neutral body representing diverse interests that can advocate in different settings and at all levels of influence. Additionally it provides a mechanism for networking, awareness raising and information exchange. The structure of the health and education sectors in Australia has shaped the conceptualization of a health promoting school, one that accommodates the country's specific context. Barriers, facilitating factors and challenges that exist for future work in the area are described.

Australia↗
PubMed1997

Health-promoting schools in Australia: models and measurement.

Schools represent a very attractive setting for health promotion. Most children and young people attend school, professional educators are in place, and most school communities are microcosms of the larger community, providing opportunities for children to develop and practice the skills necessary to support a healthy life-style. In response to this opportunity, the precepts of contemporary health promotion have been synthesised into the 'health-promoting school' model, which is guided by a holistic view of health and by the principles of equity and empowerment. Although there are different conceptions of the model, the key components are: the formal curriculum; school ethos (the social climate); the physical environment; the policies and practices of the school; school health services; and the school-home-community interaction. The health-promoting school model offers a comprehensive, systematic approach to health promotion in the school setting, which is widely accepted internationally. There have been few studies in Australia that have attempted to determine the prevalence of activities related to the model or to evaluate interventions. Unfortunately, conceptual and practical advances have far outstripped the development of research and evaluation instruments. There is an urgent need to create valid research tools to support the development and implementation of this potentially fruitful health promotion model.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Health promotion and participatory action research with South Asian women.

PURPOSE: To examine South Asian immigrant women's health promotion issues and to facilitate the creation of emancipatory knowledge and self-understanding regarding health-promoting practices; to promote health education and mobilization for culturally relevant action. METHOD: The study was based on critical social theory; the research model was participatory action research (PAR). Two groups of South Asian women (women from India and of Indian origin) who had immigrated to Canada participated in the project. The qualitative data were generated through focus groups. Reflexive and dialectical critique were used as methods of analyzing qualitative data. The data were interpreted through reiterative process, and dominant themes were identified. FINDINGS: Three themes that were extracted from the data were: (a) the importance of maintaining culture and tradition, (b) placing family needs before self, and (c) surviving by being strong. An issue for action was the risk of intergenerational conflicts leading to alienation of family members. Over a period of 3 years, the following action plans were carried out: (a) workshops for parents and children, (b) sharing of project findings with the community, and (c) a presentation at an annual public health conference. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The project activities empowered participants to create and share knowledge, which was then applied toward action for change. Health and health promotion were viewed as functions of the women's relationships to the world around them.

Community Participation↗
PubMed2001

Developing a strategy for community-based health promotion targeting homeless populations.

There is a need for targeted health promotion aimed at homeless populations. A survey of 100 Big Issue newspaper vendors was conducted, along with in-depth interviews and focus groups, in order to identify health promotion needs. Drug and alcohol problems, the effects of cold weather, nutritional deficiencies, and poor personal hygiene were reported as the main health concerns. However, health was not always an immediate priority for the homeless, with daily concerns predominating, such as shelter and getting money for food. A range of information needs were highlighted and a number of key health promotion topics identified. Social network and social activity data were collected from 14 Big Issue vendors to assess their penetration of groups of homeless people. Both generic and targeted health promotion activities are recommended, and the role of health advocacy and peer education should be further explored.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Understanding why some employees ignore worksite health promotion efforts. Refocusing the issue.

Corporations are beginning to examine exactly who is responding to health promotion programs offered at the worksite. Most findings indicate that those employees using most of the health care dollars are the least involved in health promoting efforts. When assessing why certain employees choose not to participate, application of a health promotion model will identify direct and indirect factors associated with this choice. Based on factors identified in the health promotion model, wellness programs are designed to fit the employees' level of readiness to adopt healthy behaviors. The three program levels build upon each other to achieve health promotion. The occupational health nurse has the skills necessary to identify this population which continues to live unhealthy lifestyles. The overall goal is to increase their participation in health promotion. This may be achieved by identifying their needs and designing programs accordingly.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1987

Health promotion policy in Sweden: means and methods in intersectoral action.

In Sweden different commissions have been working on legislation, prevention programmes and financing, and have aimed at implementing the Health For All strategy at national level. National programmes for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, accidental injuries, etc were established by parliamentary resolution in 1985. The role of health education has been extended: from the earlier concern with matters of individual lifestyle the focus has shifted towards motivating the community as a whole to take an active interest in its health. There is good public support in the areas of legislation, knowledge and awareness, international development (WHO), and public policy. Despite the existence of legislation, strong official policy and a good organizational structure, strong efforts are still needed to turn health promotion into general practice. National, regional and local bodies as well as non-governmental and private organizations are showing an increasing interest in health promotion. Health promotion strategies are used in traditional fields such as alcohol and smoking as well as other sectors such as education, employment, culture, social welfare, town and house planning, transport and environmental protection. There has never been such a positive basis for the further development of health promotion policy in Sweden though there are a number of potential conflicts and problems related to knowledge, organization, attitudes, financing, distribution of power, etc. These are outlined broadly as "The organizational trap", "Modification or revolution?" and "Individual or public responsibility for health?".

Government Agencies↗
PubMed2004

Defining and operationalizing capacity for heart health promotion in Nova Scotia, Canada.

This paper presents an operational definition of capacity building for heart health promotion, instruments developed to measure heart health capacity, and baseline results of capacity for 20 organizations. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were used to collect data. Three instruments were developed to measure organizational capacity for heart health promotion: a survey of community agencies involved in heart health, a questionnaire of organizational practices supportive of heart health promotion, and an interview guide that focused on factors influencing heart health promotion. These instruments proved effective and informed the development of a comprehensive framework for heart health promotion.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1996

Project Wellness: a collaborative health promotion program for older adults.

The health promotion program described in this article brought nurses, nursing students, interdisciplinary health professionals from the hospital setting, and community aging advocates together for the purpose of assisting senior citizens to maintain and improve their health. The 12-week course included pre- and posttesting of health promotion behaviors and physiologic outcomes of healthy behaviors. The article describes the planning, content, and outcomes as measured at 12 weeks and 6 months. Suggestions are given for replication of the course in other settings.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Practice of health-promoting behaviors by nursing home residents.

The decade of the '90s witnessed the emergence of health promotion as a national priority for all age groups. Despite the fact that Healthy People 2010 identified objectives for the nursing home population, little is known about factors that promote the practice of health-promoting behaviors by nursing home residents. This study examined the separate and combined contributions of personal and contextual influences on the practice of health-promoting behaviors by nursing home residents. One hundred eighty-four residents and 90 staff members from six nursing homes participated in this study. Using a modified version of contextual regression analysis, 57.8% of the variance in health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) behaviors was explained when all variables were entered into the equation. Personal influences explained a significant amount of variation (53.5%) in current HPL behaviors. These findings underscore the importance of looking at ways to support the efforts of nursing home residents to engage in the practice of health-promoting behaviors.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2004

A census of economic evaluations in health promotion.

While policy makers argue for a greater share of health resources to go to health promotion, action is stalled by, among other things, the perception that little is known about which interventions offer the best health returns. Additionally, what is missing is any sense of what the economic literature in health promotion looks like overall. Where is the economic evidence plentiful and where is it scant? The project described here compiled a census of economic evaluations in health promotion. Studies were classified according to a four-part typology that documented the strategic intent of the intervention, the risk factor being addressed, the population most affected and the setting in which the intervention took place. Since 1990, there have been over 400 economic evaluations of health-promoting interventions in the peer review and grey literatures. Of these, 90% address biological or behavioral determinants of health. Relatively little is known about the economics of population health advocacy or interventions to tackle the social and economic determinants of health. Initiatives are in place to increase the availability of economic evidence. Research is also needed into how to support decision makers' use of imperfect, incomplete and uncertain information.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗