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PubMed1992

Group A streptococcal strains in Kuwait: a nine-year prospective study of prevalence and associations.

During a period of 9 years (December, 1980, through November, 1989), 407 Group A streptococcal strains were isolated from 294 children with acute rheumatic fever and 303 of their family contacts, 234 children with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and 242 of their family contacts and 219 children with uncomplicated Group A streptococcal pharyngitis. Of the 407 strains 216 (53%) were M and/or serum opacity factor typable, 143 (35%) were only T typable and 48 (12%) were nontypable. Throughout the period of study the M12 and M1 were the most prevalent strains; however, important changes among the prevalent strains were observed. Although the study started in 1980 the serotypes M18, M81, M3, M15 and M58 made their first appearance 7 to 9 years later. These findings show the value of long term studies in detecting the changes in the prevalence of streptococcal strains in the community. M18 was isolated from three children with nephritis but not from children with rheumatic fever; this association has not been reported before. M12 was isolated from 26% of the nephritic children and their families vs. 7% from the rheumatic children and their families (P less than 0.05) vs. 17% from children with uncomplicated streptococcal pharyngitis. M49 was isolated from 7% of the nephritic children and their families vs. none from rheumatic children and their families vs. 1.4% from children with uncomplicated streptococcal pharyngitis. These findings support the concept of nephritogenicity of some streptococcal strains.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isotretinoin in acne vulgaris: a prospective analysis of 160 cases from Kuwait.

A total of 160 patients (59 male and 101 female) ages varying from 13 to 28 years (mean age 20 years) with moderate to severe acne were treated with isotretinoin in the doses ranging from 0.5 mg/kg/day to 1 mg/kg/day. The drug was given for a period ranging from 6 to 28 weeks. The patients were followed up regularly for a period of 12 months after stoppage of isotretinoin for any evidence of relapse. In the event of a recurrence greater than mild acne after 8 weeks of stoppage of isotretinoin therapy, the patients were given another course of the drug. Patients were considered to be non-relapsing if they had no evidence of recurrence after 12 months of follow-up. Twenty seven patients were excluded from the study. Of the remaining 133 patients (51 male and 82 female) only 117 patients (36 male and 81 female) could follow up for at least 12 months after stopping therapy. Of the 133 patients, a total of 127 patients (95.5%) achieved complete or partial clearance. Forty two percent (total 49 patients: 20 male and 29 female) experienced relapse after stopping therapy. Of these, 21 (42.85%) were given a second course of the drug. None of the patients developed a rise in lipids levels significant enough to warrant stoppage of the drug.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1991

Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of selected bacterial isolates in a general hospital in Kuwait.

During a 7-month period beginning February 1989 a total of 3387 bacteria were isolated aerobically from clinical materials at Al-Adan Hospital laboratory. Their susceptibilities to 14 commonly used antibiotics were analysed. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated organism among all Gram-negative bacilli. In general, members belonging to Enterobacteriaceae presented higher resistance to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, and cephalothin, the exception being Salmonella spp. Of all the aerobic Gram-positive cocci, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate and showed excellent susceptibility to methicillin (96%) but high resistance to penicillin (94%). We compared our data with susceptibility profiles of 1678 strains isolated in Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital during a 4-month period in 1984. This retrospective comparative study in the two hospitals presented some differences, the reasons for which are discussed in this paper.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

Childhood bacterial meningitis in Kuwait.

A total of 110 cases of bacterial meningitis were studied over a 7-year period. The attack rate was 3.2/100,000 overall and 13/100,000 in children under 12 years. Haemophilus influenzae was the most common pathogen (44.3%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (20.9%) and Neisseria meningitidis (12.7%). The mean patient age was 2.7 years, but 44/49 cases of H. influenzae meningitis were in children under 2 years, an attack rate of 31/100,000. The mortality was 22.4% for neonates and 6.5% for other children, and was associated with coma at presentation and unusual microorganisms. Neurological sequelae were detected in 19% of surviving children.

Age Factors↗