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[Bouquet-type internal fixation of a series of 35 fractures of the upper end of the humerus].

The authors report on 35 fractures of the humerus neck treated by "bouquet" type internal fixation. The operative technique employed is that developed by Bombard and co-workers. A few variants of this technique are described. Only fractures that were badly dislocated were internally fixated. Slight dislocations were treated for the most part by simple orthopaedic measures. This technique may be used on patients of all ages and leads to early mobilization. It might be employed to advantage in the management of slightly dislocated fractures in respiratory failure or in patients with chest injuries.

Female↗

[Restorative treatment in fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus].

The treatment of 234 patients with fractures of the surgical neck of the humerus was analyzed. The conservative treatment was used in 181 of them, 53 patients were treated surgically. Satisfactory and good results were equally observed after both conservative and surgical treatment (92,5% and 96,9% respectively). However, bad results were obtained following the conservative treatment more often (in 9 of 181 patients). The surgical treatment gave bad results in 1 of 53 patients.

Casts, Surgical↗

[Value of the transscapular view in radiological of shoulder trauma (author's transl)].

With a one year experience concerning 67 patients, the authors suggest to use for any shoulder trauma, a transscapular view associated with the routine antero postereiur film of the shoulder. This incidence has a major advantage on all the other lateral positions to be always possible at the exclusion of severely polytraumatised patients. Luxations of the shoulder, humerus and scapula fractures and lesions of acromio clavicular joints are quite correctly visualized.

Acromioclavicular Joint↗

[Results of a differentiated therapy concept for dislocated subcapital humeral fractures in elderly patients].

Between 1990 and 1994 94 patients over 65 years of age with subcapital humeral fractures were treated by plate osteosynthesis combined with a modified postoperative treatment including intensive physical exercise in the early postoperative period. Three months after surgery all osteosynthesis materials were removed using a differentiated treatment of the subacromial area. In the follow-up study 69 of the 94 patients were examined; 22 patients showed an excellent, 26 a good, 9 a satisfactory, and 12 an unsatisfactory result. Thus, we recommend plate osteosynthesis of subcapital humeral fractures in elderly people in combination with our standardized postoperative regimes.

Aged↗

[Evaluation of shoulder arthroplasty in treatment of four-fragment fractures of the proximal humerus].

The dislocated four-fragment fracture of the proximal humerus is a problematic fracture. In this study we evaluated shoulder function after implantation of a shoulder hemiprosthesis of the anatomical generation. The evaluation was based on a case-control study in which the following information was gathered: epidemiology, Constant-Murley score, compliance score, radiological results, and a summary of complications. Twenty shoulder prostheses were implanted between September 2000 and August 2002. After an average follow-up time of 14 months, the average Constant score was 52. The score for the opposite shoulder was 91 points. The function found to be most limited was shoulder movement. The subjective estimation of shoulder function had a mean value of 49% and correlated with the Constant score. Fourteen of the patients exhibited a postoperative defect in the tuberculum majus. Implantation of shoulder hemiprostheses allows treatment of four-fragment fractures of the humerus head in older patients, whereby limitations of mobility and function are to be expected.

Aged↗

Total shoulder arthroplasty.

Surgeons perform total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) procedures to reduce patients' intractable arthritic pain and to repair humeral head fractures. Total shoulder arthroplasty has undergone remarkable advances--not only in prosthetic improvements and refinements--but in patient outcomes. Advantages to TSA procedures include decreased pain and patients' increased ability to perform activities of daily living.

Arthroplasty↗

Upper extremity injuries in adolescent tennis players.

The majority of adolescent tennis players will have their playing temporarily interrupted by an injury, with lower extremity problems predominating. Although upper extremity injuries occur less frequently, they tend to be more troublesome. Injuries discussed in this article include "King Kong arm," slipped capital humeral epiphysis, "Osgood-Schlatter disease" of the shoulder, tennis elbow, stress synovitis and elbow flexion contracture, and friction burns and collagen stress fractures of the rotator cuff.

Adolescent↗

[Fractures of the scapula and injuries of the acromioclavicular joint. The traumatized shoulder and its sequelae].

Fractures of the scapula are rare and mainly result from a severe direct trauma. Most fractures may be treated non-operatively, only severely displaced and unstable fractures of the neck and/or the clavicula, unstable intraarticular fractures of the glenoid or open fractures (especially in combination with neurovascular lesions) should be fixed operatively. A dislocated fracture of the clavicula or glenoid should be approached first ventrally. Displaced fractures of the neck and body may also require an open reduction and fixation through a dorsal approach. Careful preoperative planning and anatomical studies are required to prevent intraoperative damage of innervation and vascularization. Cannulated single screws, 1/3 tubular plates or 3.5 LC-DC plates are recommended for the stable fixation of the scapula, whereas a Bosworth screw or a hook plate are helpful to stabilize the lateral clavicula and the acromioclavicular joint. Postoperative treatment: Temporary immobilization in a Gilchrist or Desault bandage for about 3 to 4 days thereafter careful passive and active mobilization.

Acromioclavicular Joint↗