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PubMed2003

Understanding the implications of population ageing for mid-life women.

Population ageing now affects every region of the world, with all societies beginning to adopt a mature demographic profile. Falling fertility and increased longevity impact upon women's transitions as workers, carers, mothers and grandmothers, and also on the social structures within which these individual roles and responsibilities occur. Shifts from a high-mortality/high-fertility society to a low-mortality/low-fertility society and the ageing of family transitions have significant implications for both family relationships and kinship roles. Low-mortality/low-fertility results in an increase in the number of living generations, and a decrease in the number of living relatives within these generations. Women in mid-life will thus face increasing care demands as children of frail parents and mothers of adult working children with children. In addition, they will increasingly face mid and late life divorce, and the new demands of reconstituted or step families. This will occur within the framework of reduced extended kin to call upon for practical and psychological support.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1995

Psychological acceptance and alexithymia in spinal cord injury patients.

We examined psychological acceptance and alexithymia in a sample of 45 patients with spinal cord injury. Approximately 86% of patients regarded their prognosis for spinal cord injury as favorable. Seven years after the onset of injury, however, complete psychological acceptance of injury had not occurred in many patients. Patients who had achieved psychological acceptance tended to show alexithymia. These results suggest that patients may achieve psychological acceptance in the context of adapting to society by suppressing or denying their feelings and finally developing alexithymic features.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1997

[The effects of self-perception and attitudes to cultures on international students' feeling of adjustment].

Asian students of seven Japanese language schools participated, and data of 292 Chinese, Taiwanese, and Korean students were analyzed in this study. They were asked about (1) attitudes toward their own and other cultures, (2) high regard for their country and culture, (3) self-efficacy and social skills at the moment and when they were in their country, (4) aspired level of social skills in this country, and (5) feeling of adjustment to life in Japan. Main findings were as follows: (1) psychological factors had stronger effects on the feeling than demographic factors. Self-efficacy in particular had a strong effect. (2) Attitudes to own and other cultures were related to self-efficacy and the feeling. (3) Structural analysis revealed a difference in the feeling between students from socialist and capitalist regions. Based on the analysis, a causal model was proposed of psychological and demographic factors leading to feeling of adjustment, and Asian students' adjustment to life in Japan was discussed in terms of adjustment to their inner, psychological environment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perceptual problems in thyroid eye disease.

Graves' disease affects the individual in many significant ways, but perhaps the most immediately obvious is its effect on the eyes. The author explores how exophthalmus and proptosis associated with the disease can create not only physical and perceptual difficulties for the patient, but also complicated problems with social interaction, self-image and psychological functioning.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

Social support, support groups, and breast cancer: a literature review.

A review of medical, social science, and "grassroots" literature on support groups and breast cancer, this paper concerns the need among women living with breast cancer and their caregivers for more information on the efficacy of social support as a therapeutic intervention. The literature has been subdivided into reviews of articles dealing with professionally led support groups, community-based support groups, support groups and survival, and support groups and psychological adjustment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2001

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: current perspectives.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To provide an overview of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), including epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic classification, prognostic factors, current treatment, long-term sequelae, and nursing management. DATA SOURCES: Journal articles, books, and clinical experience. DATA SYNTHESIS: Childhood ALL is a heterogeneous disorder, and current treatment is tailored to risk factors (e.g., initial white blood count, cytogenetic properties of the leukemic blasts). Risk-directed therapy ensures that children with a higher risk of relapse receive more intensive treatment, whereas those with lower risk disease receive less toxic therapy with decreased potential for treatment-related morbidity. Quality of life in long-term survivors is a significant issue. Late sequelae of treatment can include neurocognitive difficulties, endocrine dysfunction, secondary malignancies, and cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSIONS: With risk-directed therapy, cure rates for childhood ALL continue to improve. At least 80% of children diagnosed with ALL today are expected to survive their disease. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses caring for children with ALL can have a significant impact on the children's overall health, from diagnosis through long-term follow-up. Nursing interventions encompass the domains of physical and psychosocial care, as well as patient and family education. Assisting the child and family to maintain normalcy in the face of chronic illness, as well as fostering the family's hope for the future and their belief in the child's potential for survival, are key nursing strategies that promote the child's growth, development, and psychological health.

Adaptation, Psychological↗