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PubMed1984

The Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) as an experimental host for Entamoeba histolytica.

Experimentally induced cecal and hepatic amebiasis was studied in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus). Axenically cultivated Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites were inoculated into the cecum or the liver after laparotomy. Cecal infections were characterized by intense inflammation and distortion of the tissue. The intensity of the infection, measured by a standard method of scoring, was consistently high from 10 to 30 days postinoculation (p.i.). In tissue sections, disruption of the interglandular epithelium and presence of amebic ulcers and of large numbers of trophozoites were most noticeable 10 days p.i. In older infections there was cecal hypertrophy and crypt hyperplasia but only few amebae were seen. Amebic liver abscesses were well tolerated by gerbils and no mortality occurred. Growth of liver abscesses increased exponentially as the duration of the infection progressed from 5 to 30 days p.i. Liver abscesses were always confined to the inoculated liver lobe, and metastases did not occur. Early liver granulomas were discrete with well-defined walls. The abscesses had a fibrous wall and amebae were seen at their inner aspect. Older liver granulomas were coalesced, forming a single cavitary abscess with intense cellular infiltrate. Gerbils of all ages tested were equally susceptible to liver infections although larger abscesses were obtained in younger adult animals (60-80 days old). The Mongolian gerbil is proposed as a suitable animal model for experimental amebiasis because both the intestinal and hepatic aspects of the disease can be studied in it.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Persistency of serum antibodies against Entamoeba histolytica].

With the purpose to determine the duration of serum antibodies against E. histolytica by means of the contraimmunoelectrophoresis technique, 31 patients with the diagnosis of intestinal or liver invasive amebiasis were included in this study. In 92.3% of the 13 patients subjected to transversal study, no specific antibodies were found from 10 to 24 months after the occurrence of amebic disease. In 64.7% of 17 children with liver amebiasis who were studied longitudinally, no serum antibodies were found between 4 to 10 months after the disease. The possible factors involved in the varaibility of the duration of serum antibodies against E. histolytica are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The role of rectal biopsy in infectious colitis.

Rectal biopsy has a dual role in the diagnosis of infectious colitis. It can usually differentiate acute self-limited colitis (ASLC) from idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and it can also sometimes diagnose the specific infection in ASLC. Seven histologic features reliably differentiate IBD from ASLC: crypt distortion, crypt atrophy, a villous appearance of the surface epithelium, epithelioid granulomas, basally located isolated giant cells, basal lymphoid aggregates, and a lamina propria infiltrate of both acute and chronic inflammatory cells. One or more of these findings is frequent in rectal biopsies from patients with IBD, but rare in ASLC. Thus, the diagnosis of ASLC is made by the absence of the findings that characterize IBD. The usual histopathological picture of ASLC is nonspecific: normal architecture and increased numbers of acute inflammatory cells in the lamina propria. Certain findings may suggest a specific diagnosis. Granulomas may be present in specimens from homosexual men with proctitis due to C. trachomatis or T. pallidium. Granulomas are also present in schistosomiasis, tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, and yersinia enterocolitica infection. Typical viral inclusions can be seen in herpes simplex virus type II and cytomegalovirus infections. Specific parasites may be seen in biopsies from patients with amebiasis, schistosomiasis, and cryptosporidiosis. Intestinal spirochetosis is frequent in male homosexuals.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Prevalence of parasitic diseases and HBV and HIV viruses among black Africans in prison. (Study of 116 subjects)].

A prospective survey among 116 subjects native of Black Africa and residing in prison was carried on, in order to estimate the prevalence of parasitosis, HB Virus and HI Virus infections. These subjects, all males, were selected at random among Black Africans, which were representative of 6.5% of the prisoners in the prison of Fresnes. The average age and stay in France were respectively of 25.7 and 3.3 years. 34% had regular drug-habit (I.V. heroin intake for 8 subjects). 54% were carriers of parasites: 33 subjects for intestinal nematode (whipworm: 19; hookworm: 5; Strongyloides stercoralis: 5; ascaris: 3; pinworm: 1); 2 for filariasis (loaiasis: 1: onchocerciasis: 1); 11 subjects for bilharziosis and 43 carriers of intestinal protozoosis (mild form amebiasis principally); also, 11 scabies were noticed. By another way, 8 subjects (6.9%) were HIV1 +, and none HIV2+; 11 (9.5%) were HBs+. In relation to parasitosis, practical attitude hesitate between systematic evaluation of infections (more satisfying but expensive), systematic treatment (easier but less suitable), and prescription of well-fixed tests according to the conclusions of a specialized advice. In relation to virosis, a systematic serological determination is not justified for this population, in actual economical conditions, and because there is no specific treatment.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗