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Results for “Desensitization, Psychologic”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Acute onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder in males following childbirth.

Research on postpartum onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has focused exclusively on females. However, the authors present four cases of males with OCD onset that coincide with a spouse's pregnancy or delivery. The rapid onset and content of obsessions and compulsions are remarkably similar to those reported in previous studies of postpartum OCD in females. Each patient also responded to cognitive-behavioral therapy using exposure procedures. The implications of these cases for etiological models of postpartum OCD and future research directions are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Functional male dyspareunia: a case study.

An apparently successful treatment of a male with a long history of dyspareunia is discussed. The case is unique not only because the subject was male but also in that the etiology was functional. The case demonstrates the multicausal nature of dyspareunia as well as the need for an approach utilizing both a psychodynamic and behavioral methodology.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Avoidance-reduction therapy for stuttering.

Historically, stuttering has been treated with a multitude of approaches, including wine, burning, surgery, rhythmic tapping, psychoanalysis, and family counseling. Behavioral methods gained prominence in the 1960's with a re-emphasis on breathing and by using modern technology, e.g., delayed auditory feedback and Brady's metronome. Psychotropic medications have demonstrated practical limitations in abetting stuttering due to their disabling side effects. Avoidance-reduction therapy for stuttering emphasizes the interpersonal and intrapsychic conflicts of the stutterer. Attempts at hiding the primary symptoms of stuttering by avoidance techniques result paradoxically in the perpetuation of stuttering. By attacking the avoidance behaviors and pathological interactional dynamics, the stutterer is freed to speak more naturally. The therapeutic strategy is towards increasing open acknowledgement of the stutterer's identity through nonverbal and verbal cues. Practical action-oriented assignments are encouraged. At the same time, the stutterer's defense mechanisms of denial and projection are delineated and reduced leading to greater self-confidence, and a freedom to live and speak without fear.

Avoidance Learning↗
PubMed1985

Hypnotic regression and reframing in the treatment of insect phobias.

Two cases of insect phobia are presented in which constructs and strategies from psychodynamic, cognitive, and behavioral approaches were combined with hypnotic interventions. Flexibility and integration of approaches may be advantageous and hypnosis, including regression and reframing, may be especially powerful in the treatment of phobics.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A learning-theory perspective of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy.

The authors discuss the role of repeated exposure, a universal aspect of learning theory, in implosive therapy and brief psychodynamic psychotherapy. After demonstrating that it is one common denominator of these distinctive treatment modalities, they offer hypotheses concerning the workings of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy based on observations of the role of repeated exposure in behaviorally oriented therapies.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Eye movement desensitization/reprocessing: its use in resolving the trauma caused by the loss of a war buddy.

EMDR resulted in the rapid relief of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in refractory traumatic imagery in a Vietnam veteran. The results were maintained at nine-month follow-up. EMDR appears to be a viable technique in anecdotal reports but the limitations of a single-case study and the lack of adequate large controlled studies prevent generalization beyond a case-by-case assessment. Despite controversial reports, it appears that more rigorous evaluation of EMDR needs to be done to document the factors that operate in the use of EMDR.

Combat Disorders↗
PubMed2001

Enhancing self-belief with EMDR: developing a sense of mastery in the early phase of treatment.

Deep inside each of us is a seed that holds our vision of truth, peace, and happiness. Our early childhood attachments, societal influences, and innate capacity determine how well that seed is nurtured and the deepest inner vision is set free. This article is about the ways that vision becomes clouded by attachment deficits, trauma, and subsequent symptoms. The deep inner wish to heal allows for transformation, and approaches like Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and hypnotherapy can assist in creating a more rapid acceleration of trauma resolution and transformation of self.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

High-resolution brain SPECT imaging and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in police officers with PTSD.

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) has been shown to be an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this study, the authors evaluated the effectiveness and physiological effects of EMDR in police officers involved with on-duty shootings and who had PTSD. Six police officers involved with on-duty shootings and subsequent delayed-onset PTSD were evaluated with standard measures, the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale, and high-resolution brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging before and after treatment. All police officers showed clinical improvement and marked reductions in the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale Score (PDS). In addition, there were decreases in the left and right occipital lobe, left parietal lobe, and right precentral frontal lobe as well as significant increased perfusion in the left inferior frontal gyrus. In our study EMDR was an effective treatment for PTSD in this police officer group, showing both clinical and brain imaging changes.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Clinicians' perspectives on cognitive-behavioral treatment for PTSD among persons with severe mental illness.

OBJECTIVE: As an intermediate step in the development of a cognitive-behavioral posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment program for persons with severe mental illness, a focus group gathered feedback from clinicians and clinical supervisors within a public-sector mental health system. METHODS: Five qualitative focus group discussions were held with 33 clinicians and clinical supervisors within a state-funded community mental health center system. RESULTS: Clinicians perceived trauma to be a significant adverse factor in the lives of their mental health services consumers, were reluctant to address trauma with them, and yet believed that cognitive-behavioral treatments for PTSD may be effective and appropriate for them. Clinicians also offered practical suggestions to improve the feasibility and acceptability of the proposed cognitive-behavioral treatment program. Examples include creating gender-specific treatment groups; ensuring that trust and rapport with clients are established before the discussion of traumatic experiences; developing careful safety precautions for clients, especially for the exposure therapy component; preparing for the possibility that some consumers will lack the cognitive ability to understand treatment; and collaborating with other care providers to ensure optimal integration with other aspects of care and minimize clinic disruptions. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide information relevant to the development and implementation of PTSD interventions for patients with severe mental illness treated in public-sector settings.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1975

Using a hospital for desensitization of an outpatient's illness-related fears.

An outpatient with phobias related to enclosed places, hospitals, doctors, and cancer was treated by systematic desensitization; the facilities of a general hospital were used for part of the process. Steps in treatment included securing a complete psychiatric and social history, teaching the patient relaxation therapy techniques, and establishing a hierarchy of anxiety-provoking stimuli specifically related to the patient's fears. After desensitization the patient was able to enter the hospital for tests for a physical ailment and showed a general decrease in her fears.

Adult↗