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Results for “Retinal Detachment”

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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources

PubMed1998

[Choroidal venous dilatation in serous retinal detachment].

We studied the correlation between choroidal venous dilatation, intrachoroidal leakage of dye, and subretinal leakage from the choroid in patients with serous retinal detachment unaccompanied by choroidal neovascularization. We reviewed 13 eyes with anamnesis of serous retinal detachment, 23 eyes without anamnesis, and one eye of unknown status of a total of 37 eyes. Regarding the relationship between subretinal dye leakage from the choroid in fluorescein angiography (FAG) and choroidal venous dilatation in indocyanine green angiography (ICG), the point of subretinal leakage (31 points) was on and/or in the neighborhood of the site of choroidal venous dilatation in 87.1% of the 27 eyes, except for eyes of unknown site of leakage in FAG. The point of subretinal leakage was within and/or in the neighborhood of the intrachoroidal leakage of dye in ICG in 92% of the eyes. In serous retinal detachment without choroidal neovascular membranes, serous retinal detachment may be caused by breakdown of the outer retinal barrier due to choroidal venous congestion and intrachoroidal diffusion.

Choroid↗

PubMed1975

Aphakic retinal detachment. Management of the fellow eye.

One hundred eighty-five patients with unilateral aphakic retinal detachment were studied to determine the frequency of retinal detachment in the fellow eyes undergoing cataract surgery. It was found to be four times higher than the frequency in those eyes that remained phakic (26% vs 7%). Despite the high incidence of detachment, 94% of the aphakic group had a final visual acuity of 20/60 or better in the second eye. At the time of surgery, the macula was still attached in only 17% of the 185 first eyes as compared to 57% of the 21 second eyes that developed an aphakic retinal detachment.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Early glial cell reactivity in experimental retinal detachment: effect of suramin.

PURPOSE: In a rabbit model of retinal detachment, early Müller glial cell reactivity was monitored-specifically, changes in membrane features-to determine whether these changes involve an upregulation of purinergic P2 receptor-mediated responses and whether all or some of these alterations could be blocked by suramin or pyridoxal phosphate 6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS). In addition, the immune cell reactivity (microglial cells and blood-derived immune cells) was monitored. METHODS: A local retinal detachment was induced by subretinal injection of a sodium hyaluronate solution. Three, 24, 48, and 72 hours after surgery, Müller cells were acutely isolated, and patch-clamp records of the whole-cell potassium currents were made. The presence of P2 receptor-mediated responses was determined by measuring extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-induced membrane current increases, and by recording of ATP-induced calcium responses at the vitreal surface of retinal wholemounts. The density of isolectin B(4)-labeled immune cells was determined in the nerve fiber layer of retinal wholemounts. RESULTS: Within 24 hours of detachment, Müller cell reactivity was evident. The cells downregulated the density of their inwardly rectifying potassium currents to 60% and 47% of the control value at 48 hours and 72 hours of detachment, respectively. This downregulation was accompanied by an enhanced incidence of cells which showed calcium and current responses after ATP application (control: 14%; 24 hours of detachment: 42%; 72 hours of detachment: 80%). Müller cell hypertrophy was apparent at 48 and 72 hours of detachment. Application of suramin during surgery inhibited the downregulation of potassium currents, but not the elevated responsiveness to extracellular ATP; PPADS had no effect. Suramin also inhibited the inflammatory response that was induced by the surgical procedure and that was apparent by the increased number of immune cells. CONCLUSIONS: Reactive responses of Müller cells occur within 24 hours of detachment. Suramin inhibits several (but not all) reactive glial alterations and therefore may represent one candidate for further investigations in the search for drugs that limit detrimental effects of immune cell activation and Müller cell gliosis during retinal detachment.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMed2001

Silicone oil in the surgical treatment of endophthalmitis associated with retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: To investigate the use of silicone oil in the patients who had undergone vitrectomy for the treatment of endophthalmitis associated with retinal detachment. METHODS: Six consecutive cases of endophthalmitis associated with retinal detachment were included in the study. The mean age of the 4 males and 2 females was 47.25 +/- 23.76 years. Endophthalmitis associated with retinal detachment occurred following perforating injuries in 4 eyes, pneumatic retinopexy in I eye and cataract surgery complicated with vitreous loss in I eye. Preoperative visual acuity was light perception-only in all eyes. Red reflex was absent in all eyes. All the patients underwent vitreous tapping, encirclement, vitrectomy, liquid-gas exchange, endolaser photocoagulation and silicone oil injection. RESULTS: Mean follow-up time was 14.3 +/- 7.20 months. The microorganisms that were isolated from the vitreous aspiration were Staphylococcus epidermidis in 3 cases, Staphylococcus aureus in 1 case. Remaining cases were culture negative. Retinal breaks could be found in 4 eyes. Inflammation subsided significantly at 5 days in all cases. Final retinal reattachment and treatment of endophthalmitis was achieved in 5 eyes at the end of follow-up. Final visual acuity was 20/40 in I case, counting finger in 4 cases and no light perception in 1 case. The postoperative complications were optic atrophy in 1 eye, epiretinal membrane in 2 eyes and phitisis bulbi in 1 eye. CONCLUSION: Silicone oil, a retinal tamponading agent that has antimicrobial activity, may have benefical effect in the surgical treatment of endophthalmitis associated with retinal detachment.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Long-term anatomical and visual outcome of vitreous surgery for retinal detachment with choroidal coloboma.

CONTEXT: Vitreous surgery has been advocated as an alternative treatment of selected retinal detachments with choroidal colobomas. AIM: To study the long term anatomical and visual outcome of choroidal coloboma with retinal detachment managed by pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. SETTING AND DESIGN: Retrospective study conducted in a tertiary eye care hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourty two eyes of 40 patients with retinal detachments related to coloboma of the choroid without any peripheral breaks were analyzed. All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy with internal tamponade using silicone oil. Endolaser was performed along the coloboma border. Silicone oil was removed in 50% of patients. The main outcome measures were retinal reattachment and visual recovery. SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science), version 10.0 was used for analysis. RESULTS: The retina in all cases (100%) undergoing vitrectomy were completely reattached intra-operatively. After a mean follow-up of 14 months, 37 (88.1%) eyes had attached retina. The best corrected visual acuity was 10/200 or better in 33 (78.4%) eyes. The best corrected visual acuity improved from a preoperative median of counting fingers (range 20/40 to perception of light) to median best corrected visual acuity of 20/200 (range 20/40 to perception of light) at the end of 6 months. Of the 50% (21) cases that underwent silicone oil removal, two eyes had re-detachment of retina. CONCLUSION: Pars plana vitrectomy along with silicone oil tamponade for retinal detachment related to choroidal coloboma improves the long-term anatomical and visual outcome.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Retinal detachment following congenital cataract surgery.

It is hoped that the results of surgery for retinal detachment after surgery for congenital cataract, when discission and aspiration or phacoemulsification under the microscope are used, will approach the present reattachment rate that has been achieved with improved examination, instrumentation, and surgical technique in cases of senile retinal detachment. Further studies of the role of retinal pathology as lattice degeneration, vitreous pathology, and the place for prophylactic cryotherapy all must be reevaluated. In summary, the low incidence of retinal detachment following the extraction of congenital cataracts as seen in major retinal referral centers suggests that the risks of detachment are not as high as previously reported, that the cure rate approaches that of senile aphakic detachment; therefore early operative intervention to prevent amblyopia, nystagmus, and strabismus is indicated.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

The results of surgery on macular holes associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: Macular holes can occur as a secondary phenomenon with or after otherwise successful repair of uncomplicated macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachments with peripheral breaks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and visual outcomes of vitrectomy surgery to close the macular holes in these situations. METHODS: A retrospective record review was completed for patients with a retinal detachment with peripheral breaks and a macular hole or those patients developing macular holes within 2 weeks of successful primary external buckling surgery for macula-off retinal detachment. In those patients with a concurrent macular hole and retinal detachment, a primary vitrectomy was carried out to close the macular hole and reattach the retina. In those patients who developed a macular hole after successful primary external buckling surgery, a secondary vitrectomy was then carried out to close the macular hole. RESULTS: The authors reviewed the records of 10 patients. All had a preoperative visual acuity of 20/400 or worse. After surgery, one patient achieved a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/40; six patients achieved a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/80; and three patients achieved a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/120. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that macular hole surgery is worthwhile for these patients and can provide satisfactory results in terms of visual improvement.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

Current opinion on treatment of asymptomatic retinal detachments.

AIMS: To determine the current opinion of vitreoretinal consultants in the UK on the treatment of asymptomatic retinal detachments. METHODS: A questionnaire survey of UK and Eire vitreoretinal consultants on recommended therapy for eight different case scenarios of asymptomatic retinal detachment. RESULTS: A questionnaire was sent to 115 consultants in UK and Eire. Fifty-four per cent were returned. The majority of surgeons favoured active intervention for most types of asymptomatic retinal detachment, with surgery being the most popular. Laser demarcation of the detached retina was the second most favoured approach followed by observation alone. Discharge with advice to seek attention if symptoms appeared was the least frequently recommended. Recommended management varied considerably for each scenario. The presence or absence of a demarcation line had the greatest influence on the management of each case. Age of patient had a much smaller effect, and degree of myopia had very little effect. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery remains the most common recommended management for an asymptomatic retinal detachment. The striking outcome of the survey is the variability in responses for any given scenario, ranging from surgical intervention to the patient being discharged with advice. This reflects the absence of hard clinical evidence to support any particular management option in such cases. As patient involvement in decision making over management is essential, the opinions expressed in this survey may not be a true reflection of actual practice, although it does highlight the need for further research in this field to provide guidance for treatment of this important condition.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[The characteristics and curative effects of strabismus following retinal detachment surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics and evaluate the surgical results in strabismus eyes which all had undergone retinal detachment surgery. METHODS: This study covered 24 strabismus cases (28 eyes) following retinal detachment operations. For these, examinations involving prism with alternative cover test or Krimsky test, eyeball movement, and diplopia analysis were performed. Strabotomy was carried out combined with or without scleral buckling removal or secondary intraocular lens implantation. The post-operative follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 24 months. RESULTS: (1) The main clinical feature in 16 strabismus cases (19 eyes) having managed by rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery was that the character of strabismus was related to the location of scleral explants. (2) Diplopia completely disappeared in 40.9% and partly disappeared in 54.5% of the cases. Strabismus was completely corrected in 63.6% of 27 eyes and partly corrected in 31.8% of them. CONCLUSIONS: (1) The strabismus following retinal detachment surgery is a restrictive strabismus, the clinical characteristics of which are different from that of palsy strabismus. (2) Strabotomy is effective in the treatment of restrictive strabismus.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Pneumatic retinopexy. A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial comparing pneumatic retinopexy with scleral buckling. The Retinal Detachment Study Group.

Pneumatic retinopexy was compared with scleral buckling in a multicenter (7 centers), randomized, controlled, clinical trial with 198 patients. Admission criteria included detachments with retinal break(s) no greater than 1 clock hour in size, within the superior two thirds of the fundus, without significant proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). All patients were followed for at least 6 months. Scleral buckling was compared with pneumatic retinopexy with regard to single-operation reattachment (82 versus 73%), reattachment with one operation and postoperative laser/cryotherapy (84 versus 81%), overall reattachment with reoperations (98 versus 99%), final visual acuity of 20/50 or better in eye with preoperative detachment of the macula for 2 weeks or less (56 versus 80%), PVR (5 versus 3%), and new retinal breaks (13 versus 23%). Complications, including reoperations, as measured by the "score" system, were similar. The anatomic results of the two operations were not significantly different (P greater than 0.05), but pneumatic retinopexy had less morbidity and better postoperative visual acuity (P = 0.01). Pneumatic retinopexy is recommended for cases meeting the admission criteria.

Cataract Extraction↗

PubMed1987

Does vitrectomy followed by intraocular gas tamponade offer sufficiently effective treatment of retinal detachment due to holes in the posterior pole?

We report on 17 consecutive cases of retinal detachment due to macular hole surgically treated by one of the authors (S.B.) between the fall of 1982 and 1985. The standard method used was pars plana vitrectomy and intraocular air tamponade. In cases of subsequent reaccumulation of subretinal fluid, the macular hole was cautiously coagulated. With repeated redetachment and as a last resort, silicone oil was injected into the vitreous cavity. After a follow-up period ranging from 5 to 42 months, 13 of the 17 eyes were cured; in 2 aphakic eyes treatment remained unsuccessful; in 2 eyes a small central detachment with some accumulation of subretinal fluid persisted but did not progress. Vitrectomy and gas tamponade alone, without coagulation, constitute the safest and most sparing treatment of this type of retinal detachment. Unfortunately, approximately one half of these cases require subsequent additional photocoagulation because of renewed accumulation of subretinal fluid. In about one fourth of macular hole retinal detachments, however, lasting reattachment is achieved only by silicone oil tamponade following initial vitrectomy and air/gas tamponade.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The indications for vitrectomy in retinal detachment].

The modern vitreous surgery has rapidly developed during the last 2 decades, becoming an effective part of the treatment, in most retinal detachments that cannot be treated by the classical means. This study points out the main types of retinal detachment in which vitrectomy is indicated, as its place in the complex therapeutical sequence. It is based on the studies of ophthalmologists with experience in vitrectomy is indicated, as its place in the complex therapeutical sequence. It is based on the studies of ophthalmologists with experience in vitreous surgery. If there continue to be controversies on vitrectomy's indications and moment, the fact that vitrectomy has radically changed the prognosis and therapeutical attitude in severe retinal detachments, is unanimously admitted. Most retinal detachments (the rhegmatogenous, uncomplicated one) continue to be treated by the classical means: scleral buckling+Rupture's blockage.

Humans↗

PubMed1993

Perfluorocarbon liquid in traumatic vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment.

Patients with penetrating ocular trauma also may have severe vitreous hemorrhage and associated retinal detachment. Removing the hemorrhage and repairing the detachment can be a difficult surgical problem. Besides the limited surgical view due to the hemorrhage, an incomplete separation of the posterior hyaloid membrane can allow the detached retina to be drawn toward the port of the vitrectomy instrument, producing an inadvertent retinal tear. We have used perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene (Vitreon) to manage three cases of penetrating ocular trauma with concurrent retinal detachment and a partial vitreous detachment, either at the time of surgery or as noted ultrasonographically. The perfluorocarbon liquid helped to separate the partially detached posterior hyaloid membrane and flatten the detached retina. This maneuver simplified removal of the vitreous hemorrhage and management of the retinal detachment.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Incidence of retinal detachment after treatment with the Nd:YAG laser].

Two hundred fifty patients were examined after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy and 330 patients retrospectively after Nd:YAG laser iridotomy. Retinal detachment followed in 3.6% of the capsulotomies. No correlation was found between the number of exposures or applied total energy and the risk for retinal detachment. The risk for retinal detachment, however, was found to be increased considerably by myopia and aphakia. After iridotomy, retinal detachment occurred in only one case, although similar energy levels were used for both procedures.

Follow-Up Studies↗

PubMed1995

Vitrectomy alone for the management of uncomplicated recurrent retinal detachments.

BACKGROUND: The role of vitrectomy for the treatment of uncomplicated recurrent retinal detachments has not been defined clearly. The authors report their experience with vitrectomy alone for the management of such cases. METHODS: Pars plana vitrectomy with internal subretinal fluid drainage and long-term tamponade was performed on nine patients with uncomplicated recurrent retinal detachments after primary scleral buckling surgery. The duration of follow-up was a minimum of 6 months (mean, 39 months). RESULTS: Anatomic success was achieved after the initial reoperation in seven eyes (78%). The overall success rate was 89%. The visual acuity was 20/30 or better in three patients, 20/ 40 to 20/80 in three patients, and 20/200 in two patients. Complications included progressive nuclear sclerosis and macular pucker. CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy is effective and may have advantages over other methods for the management of uncomplicated recurrent retinal detachments.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

[Retinal detachment and argon laser prophylactic treatment (author's transl)].

We have studied 6 retinal detachments which hapened after a preventive photocoagulation with argon laser in 6 patients who had already had a severe retinal detachment on the other eye (2 anatomical success on 5 operated cases). This preventive photocoagulation was done on eyes which at the term were free of any retinal dehiscence. In this group of 6 we notice 2 giant tears (greater than 70 degrees) or 33% and 3 large tears (between 20 degrees and 70 degrees) or 33%. These high amounts do not correspond to what has been noticed before: - on the non photocoagulated fellow eyes (neither giant nor large tear) - on the whole lot of operated retinal detachments during the same period of time in our unit (2% of giant and 5,7% of large tears). We think that the responsability of laser in the development of these large lesions in predisposed eyes must be thought about. Studies on a larger scale will be necessary to have a more definite idea on this subject.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Role of daunorubicin in inhibiting proliferative vitreoretinopathy after retinal detachment surgery.

PURPOSE: To study the role of daunorubicin in inhibiting proliferative vitreoretinopathy after retinal detachment surgery. METHOD: Thirty eyes of 30 patients with a primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy of stage D1 or more advanced were included in the study. The eyes were randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group. The eyes in the experimental group received an intravitreal injection of daunorubicin (5 microg) before conclusion of the vitrectomy. The main outcome measures evaluated were: retinal attachment, vitreous activity and visual acuity at 3 months after surgery. RESULT: Complete retinal attachment was achieved in 13 eyes (86.6%) in the daunorubicin group and 10 eyes (66.6%) in the control group, at 3 months. Nine patients (60%) in the daunorubicin group and five patients (33.3%) in the control group had a best-corrected visual acuity of >or=3/60 at 3 months of follow up. There was a statistically significant reduction in vitreous reaction at all times during the postoperative period in the daunorubicin group. CONCLUSION: Daunorubicin may be a useful drug in inhibiting proliferative vitreoretinopathy after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗

PubMed1994

[Retinal detachment after surgery of congenital cataract].

We conducted a retrospective study of retinal detachments after congenital cataract surgery managed during the last twelve years so as to determine whether the surgical prognosis has been improved by the use of vitreoretinal microsurgery. The study included 25 eyes of 23 consecutive patients. The time interval between cataract surgery and the onset of retinal detachment ranged from 1 month to 46 years. It was 10 to more than 30 years in 60% of patients. Fourteen patients (60.8%) were over 26 years old. Nine eyes (36%) showed PVR grade B to D3. Preoperative fundus examination was hindered by anterior segment changes secondary to cataract surgery in 18 eyes. Microsurgical management included reconstruction of the anterior segment via the pars plana in 7 eyes, vitrectomy in 10 eyes, gas injection in 15 eyes and the use of liquid perfluorocarbon in 1 eye. Anatomic success with at least a six month-follow-up was achieved in 22 eyes (88%). It is concluded that the surgical prognosis of retinal detachment after congenital cataract surgery has been improved by modern vitreoretinal microsurgery.

Adolescent↗