PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Seminal Vesicles”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

On the metabolism of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids by ram seminal vesicles: isolation of 5(6)epoxy-prostaglandin F1 alpha.

cis-5(6)Epoxy- and cis-14(15)epoxyeicosatrienoic acid are formed from arachidonic acid by monooxygenases. 5(6)Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid is metabolized by fatty acid cyclooxygenase of ram seminal vesicles and the major products were recently identified as 5(6)epoxy-PGE1 and two stereoisomers of 5-hydroxy-PGI1. The two isomers were likely formed from an unstable intermediate, 5(6)epoxy-PGF1 alpha. The isolation of 5(6)epoxy-PGF1 alpha is described here and 14(15)epoxyeicosatrienoic acid is shown to inhibit fatty acid cyclooxygenase of ram seminal vesicles, albeit less potently than eicosatetraynoic acid (IC50 0.18 and 0.05 mM, respectively).

8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid↗
PubMed1980

Cyclic AMP surges during the dihydrotestosterone-induced growth-division cycle of rat seminal vesicle cells.

A single subcutaneous injection of the active androgen DHT (5 alpha-androstan-17 beta-ol-3-one or 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone; 5 mg/Kg body weight) into rats 7 days after orchidectomy stimulated DNA synthesis in the seminal vesicle, which began between 30 and 35 hr after injection and peaked at 48 hr. Mitotic activity began between 35 and 45 hr after DHT injection and peaked around 55 hr. These proliferative responses appeared to be confined mainly to the epithelial cells of the seminal vesicles. The DHT injection did not rapidly (between 5 min and 2 hr) increase the cyclic AMP level, but it did result in two small later surges of the cyclic nucleotide; the first of which peaked between 18 and 28 hr, but well before the onset of DNA synthesis, and the second of which peaked between 48 and 60 hr, when both the DNA-synthetic and mitotic activities were near or at their peak values.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The seminal vesicle secretion IV gene: detection of S1 nuclease-sensitive sites in supercoiled plasmid pSVS 3.3.

We have investigated the sites sensitive to the S1 nuclease which are presented in a supercoiled plasmid, pSVS 3.3. This plasmid contains the entire transcription unit plus 5'- and 3'-flanking regions of the rat seminal vesicle IV gene on a 3.3 kb Eco RI fragment (Harris et al., 1983). Using a cDNA probe of rat seminal vesicle secretion product IV (SVS IV) mRNA, we have demonstrated S1 nuclease-sensitive sites in the 5'-flanking and in the 3'-flanking regions of SVS IV gene. The site in the 5'flanking region has been mapped to approximately 117 bp upstream from the CAP site. This site at -117 bp can potentially form a cruciform structure as inferred from the presence of inverted repeats in this region (Lilley, 1981; Panayotatos and Wells, 1981). We have now shown such a structure most probably exists. The S1 nuclease-sensitive site in the 3'flanking region is present in an area of highly repeated sequence.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Morphometric and stereological study of the glandular epithelium of the seminal vesicle of castrated guinea pigs treated with 17 beta-oestradiol benzoate.

Morphometric and stereological data are presented showing that the average thickness of the glandular epithelium (including secretory and basal cells together with intercellular spaces) of the seminal vesicle of the guinea pig increased significantly after oestradiol administration when compared with castrated controls. The increase in thickness was accompanied by a significant increase in the volume density of intercellular spaces. There were significant decreases in volume, surface and numerical densities of the secretory cell nuclei with respect to the glandular epithelium. The increase in the volume and surface densities of the secretory cell nuclei with respect to the average secretory cell was due to the significant increase in the average volume of the secretory cell. The increase in the mean volume of secretory cells was the result of a significant increase in the average cytoplasmic volume. In comparison with castrated controls, the structural data of cytoplasmic organelles also showed significant increases in total volume and surface area of granular endoplasmic reticulum per average secretory cell following oestradiol administration. This was accompanied by a significant increase in the total volume of Golgi cisternae per cell. The increase in the cytoplasmic volume of secretory cells after oestradiol treatment may be the result of an increase in number of organelles responsible for protein synthesis. The present study has provided quantitative evidence that the secretory function of the seminal vesicle of castrated guinea pigs may have been stimulated after oestradiol administration, which cannot be easily detected in a qualitative manner.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Solitary fibrous tumor of the lower urogenital tract: a report of five cases involving the seminal vesicles, urinary bladder, and prostate.

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is not as site-restricted as once believed. Initially described as a tumor of the pleura, SFT is now recognized at various extrathoracic sites. We report 5 cases of extrapleural SFT involving the male lower urogenital tract. The tumors involved the seminal vesicles (2 cases), urinary bladder (2 cases), and the prostate (1 case). The patients with bladder tumors were asymptomatic. The patients with seminal vesicle involvement presented with hematuria or groin pain. The patient with prostate involvement presented with urinary retention. The prostate tumor was large, and it could not be completely excised because of its extensive spread beyond the prostate into the pelvis. The other 4 tumors were completely excised, and none has recurred during limited follow-up. By histological criteria, 4 of the tumors were benign, and 1 was malignant. Even though the classic histological features of SFT were well developed in each case, all 5 tumors were initially misdiagnosed, including 3 benign tumors that were misclassified as sarcomas. These 5 cases confirm the male lower genitourinary tract as yet another site of origin for SFTs, challenge the notion that extrapleural SFTs invariably are benign, and draw attention to the problem of recognizing SFTs when they arise in unexpected sites.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Androgen regulation of aldolase and phosphohexose isomerase in the liver and seminal vesicles of white rats].

Testosterone at doses of 0.1 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg was shown to affect the phosphohexose isomerase and aldolase activities as well as the ratio of individual isozymes of aldolase. Phosphohexose isomerase from liver tissue was especially sensitive towards the effect of the hormone. The activity of phosphohexose isomerase was selectively inhibited by testosterone. Activity of aldolase from seminal vesicles was practically unaltered. Four fractions of aldolase were found in rat liver tissue, two fractions--in seminal vesicles. Testosterone at a dose of 1 mg/kg inhibited the aldolase of the B type in liver tissue. The activity of aldolase of type A was inhibited only after a single hormone administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of prolactin, testosterone and estrogen on prolactin binding in the rat testis, prostate, seminal vesicle and liver.

We have studied the hormonal control of prolactin (PRL) binding in the male rat sex glands and liver, subsequent to the recent demonstration and characterization of specific PRL binding sites in rat testis, prostate and seminal vesicle. Ovine PRL (200 micrograms/rat/day, 7 days) caused a time-dependent reduction in testicular binding of 125I-labelled PRL (measured 2 days after last injection) to 58% of control. Testosterone alone (1 mg/rat/day, 7 days) or PRL caused similar reductions in binding, while their coadministration further lowered PRL binding to 10% of control. The synergism of PRL and testosterone suggests that either these doses are submaximal, or that they are acting on different systems. Estradiol was administered as a single dose of 2 mg/rat and the PRL binding determined on day 10 and day 19 was reduced to 37% of control, as after testosterone. Addition of PRL whether from day 1 to day 7 or from day 11 to day 17 of estradiol injection had no effect, suggesting that the EB site of action is closer to the PRL receptor than that for PRL or testosterone. Estradiol resulted in a 72% reduction of PRL binding in the prostate, after 10 days, which subsequent PRL completely restored. PRL also partially restored the estradiol-induced time-dependent weight reduction of the prostate, but PRL coadministered from day 1 of estradiol did not inhibit the estradiol effects, suggesting a competitive mechanism for the two. While testosterone more than doubled PRL binding in the seminal vesicle, estradiol reduced it by 32% and organ weight by 21%. PRL given after estradiol restored the weight loss, but not the binding, suggesting that two different mechanisms of action are involved. In the liver, coadministration of testosterone with PRL could not inhibit the induction by PRL of its own hepatic sites, in keeping with a more direct site of action for PRL than for testosterone. These results demonstrate the profound effects of PRL, and of the sex steroids testosterone and estrogen, on PRL binding in the male sex glands and liver. The physiological implication of these findings on the role of PRL in male sexual function is currently being investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Electron microscopic immunolocalization of seminal vesicle-specific antigen in human seminal vesicle.

Seminal vesicle-specific antigen (SVSA) has been shown to be a polymorphic antigen represented by multiple immunoreactive peptides when fresh human semen is probed with monoclonal antibody (MHS-5) on Western blots. Semen samples collected directly into sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) demonstrate major immunoreactive peptide bands at 69-71 kDa and 58 kDa as well as a series of peptides of lower molecular mass. As semen liquefies, the higher molecular mass forms of SVSA are transformed into lower molecular mass bands, with 10-13 kDa immunoreactive peptides predominating after 8 h of liquefaction (McGee and Herr, Biol. Reprod. 37:431-439, 1987). In the present study, the 10-13 kDa form of SVSA was purified by preparative electrophoresis from SDS gels and a polyclonal antibody was generated in guinea pigs. Human seminal vesicle was fixed by immersion in combinations of glutaraldehyde and paraformaldehyde and embedded in Araldite or LR Gold. Both the guinea pig polyclonal antibody and the murine monoclonal antibody MHS-5 were employed to localize SVSA in human seminal vesicle by immunoelectron microscopy using Protein-A gold complexes. Gold particles were quantified in various subcellular compartments by a Videoplan computer. With either antibody probe, SVSA was found predominantly in the central electron-dense cores of secretory granules, with no staining evident over the electron lucent halo surrounding the granule core. With preimmune serum, the mean number of gold particles overlying secretory granules was 3/microns2; with polyclonal anti-SVSA, the mean number of particles observed over secretory granules was 182/microns2. This study represents, to our knowledge, the first fine-structural localization of a specific secretory protein to the electron-dense cores of secretory granules in principal cells of the human seminal vesicle.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Enlargement of the ampullary gland and seminal vesicle, but not the prostate in int-2/Fgf-3 transgenic mice.

Expression of the int2/Fgf-3 gene occurs during normal embryonic development and is associated with mammary cancer in mice. Overexpression of this gene under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat (MMTV-LTR) in males was reported to result in prostatic enlargement. In this report male Fgf-3-overexpressing mice were shown to have enlarged ampullary glands, seminal vesicles, and ductus deferens; there was extensive epithelial hyperplasia in the ampullary glands and seminal vesicles. The prostates of these animals were of normal size and histology. The transgene was expressed in all of the enlarged organs, which are derived exclusively from the Wolffian duct. Male secondary sex organs derived from the urogenital sinus, e.g., the ventral prostate, coagulating gland, and bulbourethral glands, were normal and did not express the MMTV-LTR-driven Fgf-3 transgene. A dorsolateral prostate was also morphologically normal but did express the transgene. This study underscores the importance of careful organ identification in transgenic models in which gross organ enlargement or distortion occurs. It also highlights the heterogeneity of the response to Fgf-3 among the secondary sex organs and even within the prostate itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Effects of androgen and estradiol administration on the weight of the ventral prostate, seminal vesicles, and testes of immature rats.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of pharmacologic doses of estradiol on th biologic actions of testosterone and 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone when administered to immature (21 to 28 of age) male rats. The weights of the prostate, seminal vesicles, and testes were used as the indicators of androgen effects. Estradiol had no effects on the testosterone- or 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone-induced increases in prostate weight over the 12 days after the androgen injection. Estradiol acted synergistically with testosterone but not 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone on the increases in seminal vesicle weight. Estradiol had no effect, by itself, on the rate of testes growth. Both androgens resulted in a decreased rate of testicular growth and this was not infuenced by estradiol.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Immunocytochemical distribution of nitric oxide synthase in the human seminal vesicle: a light and electron microscopical study.

Although nitric oxide (NO) has been proven to be one of the most important non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic mediators in the control of human reproductive tract organs, to date information on the significance of NO-mediated signal transduction in the control of human seminal vesicle (SV) function is still sparse.()Recent investigations have underlined the significance of NO in the maintenance of sperm capacitation and viscosity of the seminal plasma as well as in the control of mammalian seminal vesicle smooth muscle tone. In order to further investigate the functional impact of NO on the regulation of normal SV function, we examined the distribution of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the cellular anatomy of human SV by means of light and electron microscopical immunocytochemistry (LM, EM) in combination with the tyramide signal amplification technique. Human SV were obtained from 15 patients who had undergone surgery for pelvic malignancies (carcinoma of the prostate or urinary bladder). SV specimens were fixed, sectioned and examined by LM and EM for the presence of NAPDH-d, eNOS and nNOS using specific antibodies and advanced staining procedures. LM revealed a dense NADPH-d reaction in glandular epithelial structures, whereas no substantial labeling was detected in the fibromuscular stroma. EM showed that the NADPH-d reaction product was abundantly detectable attached to membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and the nuclei of glandular epithelial cells. nNOS staining was found in nerve fibers branching within the SV tissue. eNOS staining was present in small vessels but was only observed to a minor degree in glandular and subglandular structures and the smooth muscle stroma. Our results support the hypothesis that human SV is a site of NO production. The distribution of NADPH-d may give rise to the speculation that NO is mainly involved in the regulation of SV secretory activity. The sparse correlation between NADPH-d-, eNOS- and nNOS-staining might hint at the existence of a previously unidentified NOS isoform in human SV.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Postoperative radiotherapy for patients with carcinoma of the prostate undergoing radical prostatectomy with positive surgical margins, seminal vesicle involvement and/or penetration through the capsule.

Between 1970 and 1983, 442 patients were treated for carcinoma of the prostate at our university medical center. Of the patients 319 underwent radical prostatectomy and 159 (50 per cent) had positive surgical margins and/or seminal vesicle involvement. Of these 159 patients 46 received postoperative irradiation and the actuarial survival was 96, 90 and 90 per cent at 5, 10 and 15 years, respectively. Among the remaining 113 patients who were treated with an operation alone the corresponding figures were 82, 62 and 21 per cent, respectively (p equals 0.02). Considering deaths only of cancer, the surgery only patients had a 15-year actuarial survival of 25 per cent compared to 90 per cent for those who underwent postoperative radiotherapy (p equals 0.07). Actuarial survival free of disease for the surgery plus postoperative irradiation group at 15 years was 40 per cent compared to 28 per cent for the surgery only group (p equals 0.34). Actuarial local control in the irradiated patients was 96 per cent at 15 years versus 32 per cent for the surgery only group (p equals 0.009). Actuarial survival free of distant disease at 15 years was 42 per cent in the irradiated versus 72 per cent in the nonirradiated groups (p equals 0.104). Severe complications attributable to radiation included 3 cases of radiation cystitis, 1 patient with urinary incontinence and leg edema in 9 per cent of the patients undergoing postoperative irradiation compared to 2 per cent of those treated with radical prostatectomy only. Postoperative irradiation appears to be indicated in patients with carcinoma of the prostate who undergo radical prostatectomy and who have positive margins and/or seminal vesicle involvement. Local control is markedly improved (p equals 0.009) and actuarial survival also is benefitted. There was a trend toward decreased deaths of cancer with postoperative irradiation that approached statistical significance. Postoperative irradiation did not improve survival rates free of disease and free of distant disease over those achieved with surgery alone. This finding suggests that while postoperative irradiation may not improve the ultimate cure rate by controlling local disease, early deaths of cancer are reduced resulting in a meaningful increase in survival for these patients.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed2004

A comparison of the effects of tamsulosin and alfuzosin on neurally evoked increases in bladder neck and seminal vesicle pressure in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists alfuzosin and tamsulosin on the physiological events associated with ejaculation in the rat, because when these drugs are used for treating symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in men they may affect ejaculation by impairing bladder neck closure and seminal vesicle contraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In clinical trials the incidence of ejaculatory disorders in men is typically < 1% with alfuzosin and 4-18% with tamsulosin. The effects of tamsulosin and alfuzosin on bladder neck and seminal vesicle pressures (BNP and SVP) in the rat were analysed. Increases in BNP and SVP were induced in urethane-anaesthetized. Wistar rats by electrical stimulation (ES) of the hypogastric nerve (HN) before and after an intravenous injection with vehicle, 3 or 10 micrograms/kg of tamsulosin or alfuzosin (10 rats/group). The mean amplitude and area under the curve (AUC) of the BNP and SVP were expressed as the percentage of the response to ES of HN before the treatment. RESULTS: The amplitude and AUC of the SVP were significantly decreased by both doses of tamsulosin, and marginally decreased by the same doses of alfuzosin. The amplitude of the BNP was significantly decreased by 3 and 10 micrograms/kg of tamsulosin and 10 micrograms/kg alfuzosin, and marginally decreased by 3 micrograms/kg alfuzosin. The AUC of the BNP was significantly decreased by both doses of tamsulosin, but barely affected by alfuzosin at the same doses. CONCLUSION: Over the doses assessed, alfuzosin had significantly less deleterious effect on increases in BNP and SVP induced by ES of the HN than had tamsulosin.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1993

[A new case of ectopic ureteral outlet into the seminal vesicle].

We report an additional case of ectopic ureter opening into the seminal vesicle in a patient who had consulted for nephric colic from calculus in dysplastic kidney and urinary tract infection. The clinical features, the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this rare malformation are briefly reviewed.

Adult↗