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In summary, a new splint made out of MPC provides stabilization following injury and appears to have the potential for preventing neurovascular impairment. This is convenient for the patient because he or she can remove and apply the digital splint when necessary for bathing.
Podiatric physicians encounter many conditions, especially in sports medicine, that involve pain in the vicinity of the rearfoot or lower leg. These conditions are often associated with ankle equinus and may affect either child or adult sports participants. A review of the literature and clinical experience identify posterior night stretch splinting as an effective adjunct in the treatment of persistent symptomatic plantar fasciitis, negating the need for corticosteroid injections, further protracted pain, or surgery. This article reviews clinical cases in which night stretch splinting was used for a variety of diagnoses. Further research is needed into its efficacy for conditions other than plantar fasciitis.
Fractures of the distal forearm--the eponymic Colles' or Smith's fractures--are among the most common injuries treated by the orthopaedist. Most of these fractures are amenable to closed reduction and immobilization. A new modification of the Charnley splint is presented for use in the acutely injured patient. The major advantages of this new splint are decreased weight and ease of application.
This article is the second in a series that describes the development, physical properties, and clinical applications of fiber-reinforced composite materials. The development of fiber-reinforced composite technology has opened new avenues for fabricating direct tooth replacements and splints that are esthetic and simple in design and execution and have the potential for excellent durability. Splinting techniques for hypermobile dentitions or postorthodontic retention and the replacement of anterior and posterior teeth using a groove preparation, a denture tooth, and a fiber-reinforced composite framework will be described.
Because patients assume a position of comfort during acute burn management, affected joints or regions must be splinted in positions of function to avoid contractures. Particularly with the increasing trend towards ambulatory burn care, close monitoring by the burn team and patient education is required to achieve the best functional result. Despite adequate initial care, contractures sometimes occur, requiring a shift in splinting tactics to correct the deformity. If secondary reconstruction is required, the affected region is once again maintained in the position of function. Although the physiologic mechanism is incompletely defined, pressure therapy to prevent and treat hypertrophic burn scars is an integral component of burn care. Multiple materials and methods are available with treatment, starting soon after burn wound closure, and modified as needed until scar maturation has occurred.
To pack or not to pack, has always been a debate, especially after septal and functional endoscopic sinus surgery. The authors have studied the symptoms of packing versus not packing in their series of 100 patients having undergone nasal surgery. They advocate the use of dental wax for the fashioning of septal splints, since they are easy to introduce, cheap and malleable. The patients postoperative comfort is greatly enhanced with the use of dental wax plate splints instead of nasal packing.
Sleep splint, which is a dental device made of regin, is now widely used for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in our country. This device is worn in the mouth at night and makes the upper airway opened during sleep. It enlarges the velopharyngeal space as well as the space at the tongue base and prevents the collapse of the upper airway. This device is a treatment of choice for the patients with mild or moderate types of obstructive sleep apnea who are not treated ordinarily by nasal CPAP. When the patients have nasal obstruction, adenoid hypertrophy, enlarged tonsils, or improper conditions of the teeth, sleep splint is not indicated for those patients. At first, nasal obstruction should be treated, and the adenoids and enlarged tonsils should be removed surgically. The compliance of this treatment is better than that of nasal CPAP, and the major complication of this treatment is almost none.
Even in the most stable types of orthodontic treatment, any relapse at all may be unacceptable cosmetically. Through the placement of a reinforced composite splint, the teeth can be held in position and more significantly recontoured, thus augmenting the final result. Subsequent splint removal can be done incrementally 3 to 5 years after placement as the patient desires.
Traumatized teeth that are displaced from their normal alveolar positions need to be repositioned and stabilized so that healing can occur. Orthodontic ligature wire bonded into place with resin-based composite works well for splinting teeth. Using a self-etching adhesive bonding system and compomer material facilitates both the resin bonding and its removal. This clinical report describes a simplified resin/wire splinting procedure.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a new treatment method for temporomandibular joint acute disk displacement without reduction. METHODS: Twenty-one patients diagnosed as acute anterior disk displacement without reduction were treated by manipulation with the aid of joint cavity extension followed by anterior repositioning splint. All and eleven of twenty-one patients were re-examined two weeks after insertion of splint and at the end of treatment (3 approximately 6 months later). RESULTS: (1) Degree of maximum mouth opening was increased from 25.8 mm before treatment to 46.6 mm 2 weeks after, 48.1 mm at the end of treatment; (2) Mean pain level (VAS) dropped from 2.62 before treatment to 0.43 2 weeks after, 0.18 at the end of treatment; (3) Fricton's TMJ dysfunction index and craniomandibular index decreased from 0.337 and 0.185 respectively before treatment to 0.021 and 0.011 respectively 2 weeks after, 0.031 and 0.018 respectively at the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment method should be considered for acute anterior disk displacement without reduction if medication and physical therapy failed to have disk successfully reduced.
Even in the ancient age there was an ambition to fix loose teeth. From the 1950s almost the same materials were used for splinting like today. A real breakthrough happened with the introduction of the etching method and the development of better composites as well as fiber-reinforced materials. In this paper the authors give a review of literature and their experience about the fiber-reinforced composites (FRC). Properties and use of the fiber-reinforced composites are presented, and suggestions are given how to apply the different materials for splinting, orthodontic retentive treatment, fixing traumatised mobile teeth, or temporary and long-distance provisional and permanent prostheses.
One of the elements of gyuing dentures suggested by the author is described in detail. It serves for redistribution of masticatory loading between natural teeth and can be used alone (for tooth splinting) and in combination with other elements of the proposed denture system (for orthodontic treatment of partial defects of dentition). The schemes of splinting and their biomechanics are described in detail. High reliability of the proposed design is emphasized.
The process of manufacturing splints for the nose after nasal tip surgery falls into three catagories: impressions, moulding and insertion. The plastic ware is carried out in a dental laboratory, so as to help the surgeon who is less familiar with the preparation of the material. The special procedure of moulding is suitable for this purpose. The splints are favourable in regard of cosmetics and tissue compatibility.
Reference is made to the stabilizing function of the septal cartilage and the incalculability of its reaction after injury or surgical treatment. Apart from various forms of tampons particularly the use of cut polyethylen splints for long term splinting of the septum has to be mentioned. We emphasize their stabilizing effect in the healing phase, the compatability with the patient, the application possibilities and finally surgical details. Even after a period of 3 weeks observation, we can see active ciliated epithelium by microscopic examination, a transformation into inferior squamous epithelium does not take place.
Stabilization splints are often used to treat musculoskeletal disorders of temporomandibular joints. Historically, the centric relation is advocated as the reference position for a stabilization splint. Centric relation as the reference position is subject of discussion, since this position has been defined for a healthy stomatognathic system. In case of temporomandibular disorders, the temporomandibular joints and muscles are compromised. Apart from degenerative changes in all components of the temporomandibular joints, the presence of pain may influence the establishment of a therapeutic position. In this article the biological plausibility of the centric relation as a reference position in patients suffering from temporomandibular disorders, is discussed. It is advocated to maintain the existing occlusion.
AIM: To show the Targis-Vectris retention technique, illustrating its features and clinical applications in periodontally compromised patients. METHODS: The Targis-Vectris technique is constituted by an esthetic external layer (Targis) combined with and supported by a metal-free structure (Vectris). An adult female with a full Class II malocclusion and compromised periodontal condition with significant bone loss on the maxillary central incisor was treated. Before debonding, a fiber-reinforced splint was placed on the palatal surface of the maxillary anterior teeth, using the Targis-Vectris method, to permit long-term stability. The final result remained stable at 5 years posttreatment. RESULTS: The correction of the Class II malocclusion took 24 months. The Targis-Vectris method ensured maintenance of tooth position and periodontal condition. CONCLUSION: The Targis-Vectris technique represents a useful procedure for splinting maxillary teeth in selected periodontally compromised patients. The 5-year posttreatment follow-up visit showed no relapse. Correct occlusal relationships are necessary to reduce the risk of breakage.
Injuries to the periodontium as well as to the crowns and roots of teeth are the most common results of traumatic insults in childhood. The main problem in the fixation of luxated teeth is associated with the state of dentition and the anatomy of the deciduous and permanent teeth. In a clinical follow-up examination the quality of several splints for treating luxated teeth was evaluated. We observed that some acrylic cap splints showed marked mechanical faults and poor fit. Modification of the Construction technique could eliminate such problems.
Mallet fingers are difficult to treat, especially in surgeons, who need to sterilize their hands continuously and who have constant strains placed on their fingers. We successfully treated a nondominant, fifth-digit, nonbony mallet finger in a surgical resident with a splint method composed of a bent, semitubular, small-fragment plate and Steri-strips (3-M, St. Paul, MN). This splinting method allowed the resident to continue performing surgeries while the injury healed.