PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Visual function”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Influence of intracranial pressure decrease in the pseudotumor cerebri syndrome on visual function].

Authors describe ocular and neurological findings in a 68 years old female patient with the intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri). For developing edema of the optic nerve head on the fundus (oedema papillae), accompanied with lowered visual acuity and visual field defects, an urgent surgical treatment was indicated--the lumboperitoneal shunt was introduced. After the operation, although the atrophy of the optic nerve head atrophy occurred, the visual acuity was maintained and visual fields sensitivity improved.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Functional visualization of the separate but interacting calcium stores sensitive to NAADP and cyclic ADP-ribose.

Cells possess multiple Ca(2+) stores and their selective mobilization provides the spatial-temporal Ca(2+) signals crucial in regulating diverse cellular functions. Except for the inositol trisphosphate (IP(3))-sensitive Ca(2+) stores, the identities and the mechanisms of how these internal stores are mobilized are largely unknown. In this study, we describe two Ca(2+) stores, one of which is regulated by cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and the other by nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). We took advantage of the large size of the sea urchin egg and stratified its organelles by centrifugation. Using photolysis to produce either uniform or localized increases of cADPR and NAADP from their respective caged analogs, the two separate stores could be visually identified by Ca(2+) imaging and shown to be segregated to the opposite poles of the eggs. The cADPR-pole also contained the IP(3)-sensitive Ca(2+) stores, the egg nucleus and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); the latter was visualized using Bodipy-thapsigargin. On the other hand, the mitochondria, as visualized by rhodamine 123, were segregated to the opposite pole together with the NAADP-sensitive calcium stores. Fertilization of the stratified eggs elicited a Ca(2+) wave starting at the cADPR-pole and propagating toward the NAADP-pole. These results provide the first direct and visual evidence that the NAADP-sensitive Ca(2+) stores are novel and distinct from the ER. During fertilization, communicating signals appear to be transmitted from the ER to NAADP-sensitive Ca(2+) stores, leading to their activation.

Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose↗
PubMed1985

Visual function, blood pressure and blood glucose in diabetic patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Over the last five years, 46 insulin dependent diabetic patients (mean age 52 +/- 13 years) have been treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Fourteen patients have been on treatment for more than two years. Visual acuity assessed every six months showed that improvement has been observed in 14 eyes (19%), stabilisation in 36 eyes (46%), worsening in 17 eyes (21%), five eyes had a minimal function during the entire follow-up. Systolic blood pressure decreased from 173 +/- 42 mmHg at start of dialysis to 149 +/- 30 and 146 +/- 32 after one and two years. Mean fasting and post-prandial blood glucose assessed monthly in 36 patients treated with four daily intraperitoneal injections of insulin (660 determinations) were respectively 7.5 +/- 3.5 and 8.5 +/- 3.5mmol/L.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

From visual experience to visual function: roles of neurotrophins.

Recently, a role for neurotrophins in regulating cortical developmental plasticity has clearly emerged. We present in this review a summary of the early data on the action of nerve growth factor (NGF) in visual cortical development and plasticity in the rat and of other neurotrophins in the visual cortex of other mammals. In addition, to clarify the differences in the results obtained with the various neurotrophins in different animal preparations, we also report new data on the action of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin (NT)3, and NT4 in the same preparation-namely, the visual cortex of the rat. We discuss old and new results in a physiological model in which different neurotrophins play different roles in regulating visual cortical development and plasticity by acting on different neural targets, such as lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) afferents, intracortical circuitry, and subcortical afferents, and propose a tentative scheme summarizing these actions.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Visual functions and acute ingestion of alcohol.

In a placebo-controlled experiment comprising 22 healthy men (mean age 27.4 years), we investigated the influence of three breath levels of blood alcohol (BrAC; 0.0%, 0.05% and 0.1%) upon distant visual acuity, stereoacuity, contrast sensitivity, accommodation, resting focus of accommodation and binocular vision. Positive (PRA) and negative accommodation (NRA) and resting focus of accommodation showed no significant changes with increasing BrAC. Compared to the placebo condition, visual acuity and refraction were only significantly affected at a breath alcohol level of 0.1%. Contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity and binocular vision were affected both at BrAC 0.05% and BrAC 0.1%. Only the higher spatial frequencies of contrast sensitivity were affected.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1977

Visual function in goldfish with unilateral and bilateral tectal ablation.

Following complete bilateral tectal ablation, the ability to detect light recovers in about three weeks. The non-tectal retinal connections which may mediate detection are about one log unit less sensitive than the retinotectal connections. At moderate illumination levels, tectumless fish do not react visually to objects. Tectumless fish integrate luminous flux over a very wide area (at least 25 degrees diameter) while the critical diameter for the normal in this experiment is smaller. Subcortical structures may mediate the interocular transfer of a brightness discrimination. The ipsilateral retinotectal projection following unilateral tectal removal is functional, with normal sensitivity to detection of light.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dynamic visual functions in patients following the removal of craniopharyngiomas].

The author analyzes the time course of neuro-ophthalmologic symptoms in patients with craniopharyngiomas in the immediate and late periods after tumor removal by microsurgical techniques. The early stage of visual disturbances was found the most favorable as regarded vision recovery. In patients with later stages of visual disturbances vision recovery is possible and more likely in the late period after surgery. Conservative therapy is advisable in the postoperative period, transcutaneous electrostimulation of optic nerves may be recommended as well. Repeated interventions for progressive tumor growth may not only prevent further deterioration of vision, but may even contribute to its improvement.

Adult↗