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Revision of the CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders: consensus statement.

The CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders (CVD) was developed in 1994 by an international ad hoc committee of the American Venous Forum, endorsed by the Society for Vascular Surgery, and incorporated into "Reporting Standards in Venous Disease" in 1995. Today most published clinical papers on CVD use all or portions of CEAP. Rather than have it stand as a static classification system, an ad hoc committee of the American Venous Forum, working with an international liaison committee, has recommended a number of practical changes, detailed in this consensus report. These include refinement of several definitions used in describing CVD; refinement of the C classes of CEAP; addition of the descriptor n (no venous abnormality identified); elaboration of the date of classification and level of investigation; and as a simpler alternative to the full (advanced) CEAP classification, introduction of a basic CEAP version. It is important to stress that CEAP is a descriptive classification, whereas venous severity scoring and quality of life scores are instruments for longitudinal research to assess outcomes.

Chronic Disease↗

Current opinion: consensus statement on intrauterine contraception.

Forty-five experts from around the world attended a 1-day seminar in September 2001 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA, to identify ways that they might collaborate to overcome unnecessary barriers to the use of intrauterine devices (IUDs). Seminar participants formed working groups that produced at least three specific recommendations relating to: training/performance improvement; service delivery improvement; general public information; and clinical and programmatic research. Key recommendations included: integrating reproductive health knowledge and skills into curricula for all healthcare professionals; reviewing and reinforcing with providers evidence-based guidelines for IUD use; encouraging evidence-based review of the IUD label and package insert; and conducting further research about IUD client eligibility, potential health benefits, acceptability among clients and providers, and use by HIV-infected women. At the meeting's conclusion, a number of participants, representing the fields of research, policy, communications, donors, women's advocacy, and medicine, expressed an interest in refining and acting upon the recommendations. Hosted by Family Health International, the meeting was supported by the Mellon Foundation.

Contraception↗

Evidence-guided prescribing of combined oral contraceptives: consensus statement. An International Workshop at Mottram Hall, Wilmslow, U.K., March, 1996.

There is a need to balance the provision of safe and effective contraception against the desire to avoid interventions which might unnecessarily restrict the availability of combined oral contraceptives (COCs). In March 1996, an international group of recognised authorities in their field met to review the available evidence concerning the effects of COCs and the value of various screening procedures in pre-menopausal women. Current scientific evidence suggests only two pre-requisites for the safe provision of COCs: a careful personal and family medical history with particular attention to cardiovascular risk factors, and an accurate blood pressure measurement. Further assessment is required only if a relevant personal or family history is disclosed or the blood pressure is elevated. Only a small minority of women will require this further assessment.

Contraceptives, Oral, Combined↗

Norplant consensus statement and background review.

This review has highlighted the attributes of a very important new method of contraception. The signatories to this document agree that, with the provision of appropriate information and instruction for the user, Norplant is a good contraceptive choice to be made available worldwide in family planning programs that have the resources for appropriate training and counseling. The signatories to this document are acting in their own personal capacity and not as representatives of any particular organization.

Contraceptive Agents, Female↗