[A celebration of biosphere science: the Third International Life Support and Biosphere Science Conference].
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China successfully launched two recoverable satellites in 1987. Sixty eight experimental apparatus were mounted on the satellites by Chinese Academy of Science. Experiments aimed at research of space biology for the first time in China were carried out. The experimental conditions and results are described in this paper.
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The International Space Life Sciences Working Group (ISLSWG) is made up of representatives from five space agencies: the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the European Space Agency (ESA), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiale (CNES), the Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR, formerly the Deutsche Agentur fur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten or DARA), and the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). The group met for the first time in 1989, and since that time has developed a Strategic Plan and has taken concrete steps to implement this plan. The result is a closely coordinated international program of Space Life Sciences which will enable optimal utilization of space flight opportunities.
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NASA/Ames Research Center Life Sciences has supported a large number of experiments and observations directed at understanding how biological systems perform or change in the microgravity space environment. These campaigns have been accomplished on a wide range of space-based platforms beginning with the Bion/Cosmos unmanned satellites and including the Space Shuttle middeck, Spacelab, SpaceHab, the Russian Space Station Mir and in the near future, the International Space Station (ISS). To further build upon this past experience, and to continue to make contributions towards the goals of the Human Exploration and Development of Space (HEDS) enterprise, a number of experiment systems and infrastructure are in development in an attempt to provide a comprehensive set of opportunities and capabilities to enable research into biological systems in space. Life support systems, or habitats are geared towards the maintenance of a wide range of biological specimens onboard ISS. Augmented with a set of ancillary equipment and sufficient expendable resources and crew time, researchers will have a robust set of tools to continue biological and physiological experiments in space.
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