PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “LACRIMAL APPARATUS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Differentiation of lacrimal gland tumors with high resolution computerized tomography in comparison with magnetic resonance tomography].

In a retrospective study of 15 patients with epithelial and non-epithelial masses of the lacrimal gland, the value of high-resolution computed tomography (CT) with multiplanar and three-dimensional reconstructions was compared to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For the differential diagnosis of lacrimal gland lesions the following parameters are important: shape of the lacrimal gland, internal structure, degree of contrast enhancement and integrity of adjacent bony structures. In evaluation of the extent of lacrimal gland lesions, thin-section CT with multiplanar and three-dimensional reconstruction is equal to MRI, while spiral CT with 1-mm slices is superior to standard CT with 2-mm slices. However, internal structure and contrast enhancement of lacrimal glands, integrity of adjacent bones and intracranial infiltration are better visualized with MRI than with CT. Only inhomogeneous mixed tissue tumors can be differentiated from homogeneous tumors by CT due to density differences. In conclusion, MRI is the method of choice if lacrimal gland tumors are suspected, while CT is only useful in doubtful cases concerning the bony structures as an additional method. Using modern imaging modalities, differentiation between epithelial and non-epithelial masses is possible for further diagnosis and therapeutic decisions. Both pleomorphic adenoma due to its different dense components and malignant masses due to bony destruction and intracranial attachment can be differentiated and treated in a specific way. Differentiation between non-epithelial masses (lymphoma and inflammatory pseudotumor) is only possible with a combination of imaging, clinical appearance and in some cases biopsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Benign and malignant tumors of the orbital cavity including the lacrimal gland.

CT and MR imaging are the modalities of choice in the assessment of orbital neoplasia. When combined with the clinical history and examination, radiologic imaging can provide valuable information regarding tumor diagnosis. Imaging studies thus enable the clinician to delineate the extent of disease and plan the surgical approach for biopsy or excision. In some cases, serial orbital imaging is used to monitor for tumor growth or recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

The Jones IE test: cobalt blue endoscopic primary dye test of lacrimal excretory function.

A cobalt blue filter adapter was constructed to fit between a rigid nasal endoscope and its halogen light source. Flooding the nasal cavity with the blue light illuminates the fluorescein-stained tears for more accurate examination of lacrimal function. We call our protocol the Jones IE test and used this new technique to examine 99 nasolacrimal systems of epiphora patients over a 15-month period. The results of this study show a six-fold increase in the ability of the Jones IE test to detect fluorescein dye within the nasal cavity over the conventional Jones I test.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cast-forming Actinomyces israelii canaliculitis.

BACKGROUND: Primary chronic canaliculitis is an uncommon disease usually caused by Actinomyces israelii (streptothrix). Actinomyces israelii is a cast-forming Gram-positive anaerobe that is difficult to isolate and identify. We present a case that demonstrates the typical clinicopathological presentation of this unusual condition and discuss management options. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 10-year-old girl presented with a 6 month history of intermittent 'conjunctivitis' and discharge from her 'pouted' left lower punctum. Microbiology confirmed probable A. israelii infection, but topical treatment failed. Exploration under anaesthesia revealed a canalicular diverticulum and three canaliculiths. Histological examination of the canaliculiths demonstrated that they consisted of solid casts of Actinomyces. Punctoplasty, removal of the casts, and adjunct antibiotic therapy resulted in resolution of the canaliculitis. CONCLUSIONS: Primary chronic canaliculitis should be considered in any patient who presents with chronic or recurrent conjunctivitis and the eyelid should be inspected for a discharging and 'pouting' punctum. Failure of the condition to resolve on topical treatment requires surgical exploration of the canalicular system and removal of any casts. Extensive surgery is not always required.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1998

Epiphora in patients receiving systemic 5-fluorouracil therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of tearing and canalicular fibrosis in patients receiving systemic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapy and the reversibility of the symptoms when treatment is stopped. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University-affiliated tertiary care hospital in Toronto. PATIENTS: Thirty patients (17 men and 13 women aged 38 to 81 years) with advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma receiving intravenous 5-FU therapy as palliative (weekly) treatment (20 patients) or adjunctive (cycle) treatment (10 patients). OUTCOME MEASURES: Tearing, eyelid changes and canalicular fibrosis during and after treatment. Patients who experienced tearing were advised to massage and wipe the lower eyelids in an upward direction. RESULTS: Tearing and canalicular fibrosis developed in 10 patients (50%) and 3 patients (15%) respectively in the palliative treatment group; no patient in the adjunctive treatment group experienced these side effects. In the palliative treatment group, the patients who experienced tearing received double the dose of 5-FU (p = 0.03) and received treatment for twice as long (p = 0.042) as those who did not experience tearing. Of the patients with tearing, those in whom canalicular fibrosis developed received treatment for three times as long as those without fibrosis and received 2.6 times the total dose (p < 0.000). Of the seven patients with tearing in whom canalicular fibrosis did not develop, four stopped 5-FU treatment, and 2 to 4 weeks later the epiphora disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the prevalence of tearing and canalicular fibrosis in patients receiving systemic 5-FU therapy as palliative treatment is related to the total dose and duration of treatment. Such side effects are less likely in those receiving adjunctive therapy. The epiphora is often reversible on stopping therapy if canalicular fibrosis has not yet developed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Post-traumatic adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland].

A young 17-year-old man was injured on the external orbital canthus and developed a tumefaction which remained stable. After 2 years the tumefaction with exophthalmia and visual troubles. Radiological investigations suggested two diagnosis: Organized hematoma or a lacrimal gland tumor. Surgical exploration found an apparently benign tumor but histologically it was a cystic adenoid carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Dacryocystantrostomy. A preliminary report.

A new operative technique is described in which the lacrimal sac is drained into the maxillary sinus. The advantages of the procedure, especially of avoiding a facial incision, are emphasized. Five patients suffering from long-standing epiphora underwent surgery. Two patients had chronic dacryocystitis. Two other patients presented with a mucocele of the lacrimal sac. In the fifth patient, there was obstruction in the nasolacrimal duct. Short term follow-up results suggest its usefulness as a first line of surgical treatment in cases of epiphora due to obstruction in the lacrimal sac or the naso-lacrimal duct.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tumor of the lacrimal sac. Dangers of simple excision biopsy].

Lacrimal sac tumors are relatively uncommon tumors which recur readily and have poor prognosis if adequate care is not provided early. We report here a case of lacrimal sac tumor in a 56-year-old patient with bilateral pseudophakia and an atypical chronic dacryocystisis aspect of the left eye. After clinical and paraclinical investigations, the patient underwent surgical excision of the tumor followed by external radiotherapy. During follow-up, the patient developed a local recurrence which required surgical removal and radiotherapy. Despite early and adapted management, the prognosis of this tumor remains poor.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intubation granulomas of the lacrimal ducts in patients with silicone implants].

The results of 315 endonasal operations on the lacrimal duct with long intubation are analyzed. The most incident complication of long intubation of the lacrimal duct is formation of intubation granulomas, which are most often localized in the inferior lacrimal canaliculus; their etiology is sometimes allergic--they form as a response of adjacent tissues to the material of the intubation tube, and the findings of our recent histological study prove it. The diagnosis of intubation granulomas is easy in the majority of cases. The treatment consists in removal and obligatory adequate total and local antiallergic therapy decelerating the growth and relapses of granulomas. After removal of the intubation tube the growth of granulations ceases and a fine cicatrix forms.

Dacryocystorhinostomy↗
PubMed2000

[Prognosis of conjunctivo-dacryocystorhinostomy. Modification with different implant materials].

BACKGROUND: In cases of total canalicular occlusion or the total absence of the lacrimal apparatus the functional restoration requires the repair of a newly created lacrimal system. The intraoperatively reestablisted lacrimal drainage from the conjunctival sac will be maintained by a plastic tube. Beside other criteria the influence of the used inserted materials polyethylene or silicone should be evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 9/1978 to 2/1999 we have been treated and consecutive documented 37 cases of conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy and its modifications in 36 patients (1mal both eyes). The patients (22 men, 14 women) ranged in age from 9-76 years (mean age of 35.2 years). In a retrospective review results were compared for the following two groups based on the type of used plastic tube: group I: (n = 23); insertion of a polyethylene tube (from 1976-1990); group II: (n = 14) insertion of a silicone tube (from 1991-1998). RESULTS: Causes of lacrimal drainage system obstruction were trauma (n = 21), malformation (n = 8), chronic inflammation (n = 5) and tumor (n = 2). The following different surgical techniques were performed: conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (cdr, n = 23), conjunctivodacryocystostomy (cd, n = 10) and conjunctivorhinostomy (cr, n = 4), (right eye: n = 21, left eye: n = 16). In group I 14 of 23 operations (61%) had successful functional results, in group II 10 of 14 operations (72%), respectively. The polyethylene tubes on the average were maintained for 15 months after surgery (4mal spontaneous removal) and the silicone tubes for 12 months, respectively (4mal spontaneous removal). CONCLUSION: Traumatic disturbance and congenital defects of canaliculi and surrounding tissue require in the case of any symptoms the surgical reconstruction of the lacrimal pathway. With the introduction of the silicone tube the success rate could be further advanced.

Adolescent↗