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At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

The language of dissociation.

Three case studies of inner-city elementary school children illustrate the connection between speech-language disorders and dissociative disorders in children who have known or suspected trauma histories. The role of speech language pathologists in identifying and responding to dissociative symptoms in children is explored. Lack of adequate training concerning the impact of trauma and scarce literature on the communication profiles of dissociative children contributes and greatly impacts the diagnosis, referral, and treatment of these children. The case studies demonstrate how unusual speech and language symptoms and awareness of dissociative features may aid in identifying trauma-related problems and instituting effective treatment. Grounding techniques and specific language interventions can assist children in acquiring the vocabulary needed for communicating both their daily experiences and traumatic histories. The nature of the relationship between dissociation and communication disorders is explored, and the importance of future research, interdisciplinary collaboration, and trauma training in the speech-language curriculum is emphasized.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Hearing-impaired children's rhythm perception and speech.

The role of rhythm in the speech intelligibility of 18 hearing-impaired children, aged 15 years with hearing losses from 40 to 108 db, was investigated. Their perceptual judgement of visual rhythm sequences was superior to that of the hearing controls, but their scores were not correlated with their speech intelligibility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Neuropsychological assessment of ADHD subtypes].

Starting from a discussion of the validity of neuropsychological methods for the diagnosis of ADHD the results of an own study are presented. What is the diagnostic value of the German version of the CPT (Continuous Performance Task) and the DAT (Dortmunder Aufmerksamkeitstest) in discriminating ADHD subtypes (according to DSM-IV) and in which areas do the children of each subtype differ from a control group of normal children? The computer versions of the CPT and DAT were administered to 14 boys with the "combined subtype" of ADHD, 14 boys with the "predominantly inattentive type" of ADHD and 18 boys without clinical signs; all groups were matched in age and intelligence. Subsequently the mean differences between the various test parameters were assessed as to their significance. Contrary to other studies there were no significant differences either between both ADHS types or relative to the control group with regard to the CPT omission errors and the reaction time. There were differences in the reaction variability both between the ADHD subtypes and relative to the control group. Only the "combined subtype", not the "pre-dominantly inattentive type" differed from the control group as to the CPT commission errors. Regarding the DAT, there were significant differences between all three groups regarding both the solution quality and the response delay.

Attention↗
PubMed1986

Syndromes, communicative disorders, and black children.

Birth defects increase the risk of speech, language, and hearing disorders in childhood. The prevalence of particular congenital anomalies varies from one racial and ethnic group to another. Some conditions such as the hemoglobinopathies, polydactyly, and external ear malformations are more common among black people. Other birth defects are rarer among black children, notably cleft lip and palate, neural tube defects, and phenylketonuria. The more common defects of Down's syndrome, neurofibromatosis, and cerebral palsy appear to occur in equal frequency in black and white Americans.Speech-language pathologists, audiologists, and other health professionals who work with black children with birth defects must be familiar with the special problems and the positive features reflected in this population. Difficulties in obtaining adequate medical care, poor health and nutrition, and inadequate financial support are problems plaguing the poor. However, the shared responsibility assumed by the church, the community, and the extended family often results in positive acceptance of the handicapped child. Many families rely on folk medicine whose remedies can often be combined with traditional therapies for the ultimate benefit of the patient.Health professionals must assume a managerial role to ensure that services reach the child with syndrome-related speech, language, and hearing problems.

Black People↗