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At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of flavonoids on vitamin C activity of D-isoascorbic acid.

Large peroral doses of D-isoascorbic acid, a vitamin C stereoisomer (50 mg per animal per day), were retained in the guinea-pig organism to a smaller extent than the same doses of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Simultaneous administration of the flavonoids rutin and epicatechin increased the amount of D-isoascorbic acid retained in the liver, brain and wall of the small intestine by up to 100%, but four weeks after its extraction from the food the amount of L-ascorbic acid left in the guinea-pig organism still exceeded D-isoascorbic acid reserves. This difference, which was found in all the organs studied, was the largest in the groups simultaneously given flavonoids. In guinea-pigs which, like man, are dependent on an exogenous vitamin C supply, D-isoascorbic acid was metabolized at a manifestly higher rate than L-ascorbic acid, irrespective of whether flavonoids were administered or not. In liver, brain and small intestine wall homogenates, the oxidized forms of both stereoisomers were reduced in the presence of reduced glutathione, but the reduction rate of D-isodehydroascorbic acid was higher and it was stimulated by the two flavonoids more strongly than the reduction of L-dehydroascorbic acid. The stuterospecific.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed2005

Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids from Pelargonium radula (Cav.) L'Hérit.

Flavonoids from Pelargonium radula (Cav.) L'Hérit were purified by column chromatography. Two fractions were obtained: F1 (main flavonoid isoquercitrin) and F2 (main flavonoid rutin). In vitro antimicrobial activity of F1 and F2 were tested against eleven species of bacteria and eleven species of fungi. Both fractions demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus rettgeri, Candida tropicalis and Microsporum gypseum. Staphylococcus sp. (coagulase-negative) and Candida lusitaniae were strongly inhibited only by fraction F1 and Fusarium graminearum only by fraction F2.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed2006

[Study on the chemical constituents of the leaves from Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major N. E. Br].

OBJECTIVE: to study the chemical components of the leaves from Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var major N. E. Br. METHODS: Constituents were isolated by using silica gel, porous resin, Sephadex LH-20 chromatographic technique, etc. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods. RESULTS: Fourteen compounds were identified as quercetin (1), hyperoside (2), quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside (3), rutin (4), quercetin 3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-6)-beta-glucopyranoside] (5), vitexin (6), 6"-O-acetyl-vitexin (7), vitexin 2"-O-rhamnoside (8), vitexin 4"-O-glucoside (9), chlorogenic acid (10), ursolic acid (11), beta-sitosterol (12), beta-daucosterol (13), n-triacontanol (14). CONCLUSION: Compound 5 and 14 were isolated from Crataegus L. for the first time.

Apigenin↗
PubMed1991

Minor components in food plants--Note I. Flavonol glycosides from Ullucus tuberosus.

This work deals with the isolation and characterization in Ullucus tuberosus of flavonoids, a class of natural products influencing potentially the taste and nutritional value of the plant food. The three flavonoids, rutin, narcissin and kaempferol 3-O-(2",6"-di-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosil)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, isolated, are devoid of taste, but appear to possess health promoting effects.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1990

Cellular control of IgE induction by a polyphenol-rich compound. Preferential activation of Th2 cells.

The polyphenol group rutin (R) appears to influence isotype expression, because R-BSA conjugates induce anti-BSA responses in mice that show a significant decrease in hemagglutinating antibodies (HA) to BSA, as compared to mice immunized with BSA. However, the level of IgE antibodies to BSA is unaltered. To determine if suppressor cells for isotypes other than IgE are induced by R-BSA, cell transfers were performed. The results were consistent with the view that the decrease in HA titer to BSA in R-BSA immunized mice is not due to the activation of suppressor cells for isotypes other than IgE. Inasmuch as the IgE response in mice is associated with the production of IL-4 by Th2 cells, we analyzed the factors produced by spleen cells cultured with R-BSA. We found that supernatant from spleen cells cultured with R-BSA contained IL-4 as determined by the enhanced expression of Fc epsilon R (CD23) on B cells. This enhancement was inhibited by 11B11, the anti-IL-4 mAb. IL-2, a product of Th1 cells, was not detected in these supernatants. Moreover, IL-4 mRNA, but not IL-2 mRNA, was detected by Northern blot analysis of RNA from spleen cells cultured with R-BSA. Taken together the data suggest that the polyphenol containing compounds preferentially activate Th2 cells, thereby favoring IgE production.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Quality standards of flos Sophorae Carbonisatus].

The tannin and rutin contents in seventeen samples of Flos Sophorae Carbonisatus were determined. These samples were tested and examined microscopically, physically and chemically. Quality standards have been set forth for Flos Sophorae Carbonisatus.

Charcoal↗
PubMed1987

Serum concentrations of rutoside metabolites after oral administration of a rutoside formulation to humans.

In the present study a highly specific and sensitive method by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been established for the determination of the blood levels of four metabolites of 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavonol-3-rutinoside (rutoside, rutin), i.e. 3,4-dihydroxytoluene (DHT), 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (mPHAA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DHPAA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (homovanillic acid, HVA) after the oral administration of rutoside to healthy volunteers. By the established method the pharmacokinetics in the blood and the urinary excretion of those metabolites were investigated. Blood levels of DHT, mHPAA, DHPAA, and HVA started to increase at 4 to 8 h after the oral dosage of the rutoside formulation, Esberiven (further active ingredient: coumarin). At 8 to 12 h post-administration, blood levels reached a maximum level which was 2- to 3-fold the time 0 level. Blood levels decreased gradually afterwards and returned to the original level at 20 to 35 h. The sum of the four metabolites was at a maximum value at 8 h which then returned to the initial levels at 35 h yielding a half-life of 11 h. Total urinary excretion of metabolites was 50.5% of the dose in 48 h.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Tobacco constituents are mitogenic for arterial smooth-muscle cells.

Tobacco glycoprotein (TGP) purified from flue-cured tobacco leaves, tar-derived material (TAR), the water soluble, nondialyzable, delipidized extract of cigarette smoke condensate, rutin-bovine serum albumin conjugates, quercetin, and chlorogenic acid are mitogenic for bovine aortic smooth-muscle cells, but not adventitial fibroblasts. The mitogenicity appears to depend on polyphenol epitopes on carrier molecules. Ellagic acid, another plant polyphenol, inhibited arterial smooth-muscle proliferation. These results suggest that a number of ubiquitous, plant-derived substances may influence smooth-muscle cell proliferation in the arterial wall.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Fine structural aspects of the influence of lymphatic blockage on cold injury of the brain and skin, and the effects of benzo-pyrones.

The fine structural changes of cold injury, lymphoedema, or both have been studied in the cerebral cortices and facial skin of rats, with and without treatment by a mixture of two benzo-pyrones (coumarin and rutin sulphate salts). It was found that cold injury opens the endothelial junctions of the blood vessels and injures their plasma membranes, thus allowing plasma protein and fluid to enter the tissues, producing oedema. Hence the lymphatics of the skin and the prelymphatics of the brain become dilated, contain excess protein, and the junctions of the former become opened. Macrophages (together with astrocytes in the brain) appear to phagocytise some of the protein. Apart from the injuries to the blood vessels, lymphostasis causes similar effects. The two injuries in combination considerably enhance the effects of either by itself. The benzopyrones greatly reduce the amounts of protein and fluid, particularly in the tissues: the lymphatics lag behind these, especially if they are obstructed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Membrane stabilizing effect of medicinal substances used for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency].

Experiments "in vitro" have brought evidence that butadion, escinol, esculetin, glyvenol, rutin, escin and the summary flavor noid preparation are capable of stabilizing erythrocytes membranes with the cells subjected to hypotonic hemolysis. Depending upon optimal concentrations the activity of the substances was within the range of 10(-3) to 10(-8). As concerns the intensity of the effect in the optimal concentration (10(-5) M), that corresponds to the one built up in the blood of patients given the therapeutic dose of the drug, the action of glyvenol was 1.6-3.5 times superior to that of the other compounds.

Erythrocyte Membrane↗
PubMed1977

[Effect of a benzopyrone compound on embryonic tissue and cell cultures (author's transl)].

Embryonic tissues and cells of the chicken were treated with a coumarin-rutin derivative preparation (Venalot). A total of 3000 cultures from embryonic epithelia, skeletal muscle tissue, and connective tissues were tested. At high dosages, never administered in the therapy, the preparation inhibited the cell proliferation strongly. With the diminution to therapeutical concentrations no longer inhibitory but stimulatory effects, viz. to mitosis, were revealed. High cell partition rates in the connective tissue (fibroblasts), in the epithelial cells and in the bony tissue of the embryonic os frontale (osteoblasts) are an indication of the mechanism of the known wound-healing accelerating action of the preparation. The effect of stimulating the proteolytic action in mesenchymal cells, observed on isolated peritoneal macrophages has been confirmed for the mesenchymal cell of the embryonic chicken.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The effect of benzo-pyrones on the canine pancreas submitted to long-term hypothermic perfusion.

In 14 dogs pancreatectomy was performed and pancreas was submitted to 24 hour hypothermic pulsatile perfusion using Gambro machine. During the perfusion exocrine secretion subsequent to secretin and CCK stimulation was collected and the perfusion fluid was analyzed. In 7 of these animals, Venalot, a combination of coumarin and rutin sulphate, was added to the perfusion fluid and its effect was tested. The addition of Venalot was followed by a decreased vascular peripheral resistance, decreased weight of the perfused graft, and decreased level of LDH and lactic acid in the perfusion fluid. The release of potassium from the pancreatic cells was prevented. The parameters of the pancreatic secretion was better than in the control group. Benzo-pyrones reduced oedema formation and improved cell metabolism during hypothermic perfusion of the pancreas.

Amylases↗
PubMed1984

Quercetin, an inhibitor of lactate transport and a hyperthermic sensitizer of HeLa cells.

Since cancer cells produce large amounts of lactate via aerobic glycolysis and since an acidic pH has been shown to selectively enhance the cytotoxic effects of hyperthermia, we are examining the influence of cell exposure to drugs which inhibit lactate transport and lower intracellular pH upon cytotoxic effects of hyperthermia. Quercetin, a bioflavonoid that produces lactate transport inhibition, was not cytotoxic up to 4 hr at 37 degrees (0.1 mM). When HeLa cells were exposed to quercetin at 41 and 42 degrees, significant potentiation of hyperthermia-induced cytotoxicity was observed. The magnitude of the potentiation was dependent on the drug concentration, pH of the culture medium, temperature, and duration of treatment. In contrast, treatment of cells with rutin, a structurally related bioflavonoid that lacks the property of lactate transport inhibition, showed no hyperthermic potentiation.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1981

[Efficacy of benzopyrones in posttraumatic inflammations/Clinical double blind study in the postoperative treatment of episiotomy (author's transl)].

A clinical double-blind study of the effectiveness of the benzopyrone product 5.6-benzo-alpha-pyron + 3',4',7-tris-(hydroxy-ethyl)-rutin (coumarin + troxerutin, Venalot) was investigated in 560 patients following medio-lateral episiotomy. The compound was investigated at various dose levels, and its active components coumarin and troxerutin separately. It was shown that the symptoms of posttraumatic inflammation like edema, rubor around the incision wound, and posttraumatic pain as well as consumption of analgesics and the postoperative scar formation were beneficially influenced by the drug. As a guideline for dosing, 1 mg/kg/d related to the coumarin content, was calculated. The efficacy of the combination of the active compounds was superior to that found with the components applied separately. The significance of episiotomy as clinical model for posttraumatic inflammation in general is discussed and application of the benzopyrone product above all in plastic surgery is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Hemolytic autoimmune anemia caused by (+)-cyanidanol-3 (Catergen)].

Several episodes of acute intravascular immune hemolysis in a 68 year old patient induced by (+)-cyanidanol-3 (Catergan) are reported. Clinical and serological criteria of the so-called immune-complex mechanism of immune drug-induced hemolysis were realised. The meaning of the additional marked affinity of the drug to the erythrocytic surface remains unclear. The patient's serum was cross-reactive with rutine but not with troxerutine.

Aged↗