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Horizontal eye movements of the alert rhesus monkey resulting from both pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) and single frequency sinusoidal rotational stimulation were analyzed using a PDP 11/40 computer in order to generate gain, phase, and coherence estimates at discrete frequencies between 0.008 and 1.28 Hz. A computer simulation of vestibular induced eye movements was used to validate our analysis procedures and to determine the effects of digital noise. Frequency domain transfer functions derived from gain and phase estimates revealed that the responses to PRBS stimulation and to single frequency sinusoids were not appreciably different. PRBS testing was accomplished in approximately one third the time required for sinusoidal testing and yielded highly reproducible data. We conclude that PRBS stimulation is a reliable and efficient method for assessing linear system parameters of the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex. PRBS testing may be particularly advantageous in studies of vestibulo-oculomotor plasticity in which rapid assessment of alterations in system dynamics is essential.
The direct analysis of separated rhodamine dyes on reversed-phase C(8) thin-layer chromatography plates using a surface sampling/electrospray emitter probe coupled with a triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer is presented. This report represents continuing work to advance the performance metrics and utility of this basic surface sampling electrospray mass spectrometry system for the analysis of thin-layer chromatography plates. Experimental results examining the role of sampling probe spray end configuration on liquid aspiration rate and gas-phase ion signal generated are discussed. The detection figures-of-merit afforded by full-scan, automated product ion and selected reaction monitoring modes of operation were examined. The effect of different eluting solvents on mass spectrum signal levels with the reversed-phase C(8) plate was investigated. The combined effect of eluting solvent flow-rate and development lane surface scan rate on preservation of chromatographic resolution was also studied. Analysis of chromatographically separated red pen ink extracts from eight different pens using selected reaction monitoring demonstrated the potential of this surface sampling electrospray mass spectrometry system for targeted compound analysis with real samples.
This article defines a process to reconfigure and streamline patient care services in an acute care hospital. Multidisciplinary teams use quality improvement methods and team process to challenge and redefine current work activity in order to achieve financial savings and service improvements.
By means of mathematical apparatus of a model of frequency lexical structure the structure of repetitions was studied in association flows of 10 healthy persons, 10 patients with sequelae of closed craniocerebral injury, and 10 schizophrenics. In comparison to healthy persons in those after the brain injury the number of repetitions was increased and the distances between the first and the last use of the repeated words were significant. In schizophrenic persons the repetitions of the words were situated at the local portions of association flows. The structure of repetitions in these association flows was close to that of the usual connected text by the general quantitative norms. Such structure of repetitions should be explained by the presence of a parasitical system of connections between the words equivalent by its strength to usual rational connections in a meaningful text.
Under consideration of the methodical and methodological classification 407 delusional psychoses were analysed which developed within the scope of schizophrenia, symptomatic psychoses and epilepsy. To this end, a list of standardised signs was made up which characterise the course of the disease in detail. The results yield structural-phenomenological models and are of differential-diagnostic importance.
The pattern recognition theory was used to demonstrate that phenazepam effect on the differentiation of structured visual stimuli by animals is connected with the alteration of the processes of visual information elaboration in the somatosensory and association cortex.
Slips, trips and falls on the level are considered commonplace and are rarely subjected to in-depth analysis. They occur in highly varied circumstances in an occupational situation. In-depth analysis of these accidents was conducted within a company with the aim of understanding them better, to be able to discuss prevention field possibilities and priorities for the company concerned. Firstly, available data on 'accidents on the level' occurring over the last 4 years were analysed and a typology for these accidents was derived, based on individual activity at the time of the accident and accident location. The three most serious accident-causing situations were analysed in-depth from interviews with injured persons, as well as from activity observation and activity-related verbal information obtained from operatives. These most serious situations involved accidents occurring when climbing down from trucks or when walking either in surroundings outside company premises or from (to) a vehicle to (from) a work location. In-depth accident analysis and characterization of accident-causing situations as a whole enhance our understanding of the accident process and allow us to envisage priorities for action in the prevention field, in operational terms. Each accident-causing situation reveals environmental factors that in fact constitute accident factors (obstacle, stone, etc.), when the individual walks or climbs down from a truck. Analysis shows that other events are necessary for accident occurrence. For example, the individual may be subjected to a time constraint or may be preoccupied. Results obtained here, in a company integrating different trades, are discussed and compared with those referred to in the literature. Generalization of some of these results is also considered.
The third part of this analysis deals with assessment of the efficacy of the reanimation service by reviewing the data on total and specific mortality rates, the results in critical patients, and correlation of these values to similar values in the hospital. Conclusions and resolutions on further improvement of the department activities are presented.
Genetic phenotypic risk factors have been investigated in 1630 children with various forms of acute respiratory diseases and in control groups (314 children with bronchial asthma, 768 healthy children). Each of them was estimated by points using special elaborated prognostic tables. This allowed to distribute children into risk groups according to the development of disease from the moment of birth.
A liquid chromatographic procedure has been developed for analysis of cyclopiazonic acid in peanuts. The chromatographic system specifies a C18 or C8 column loaded with 4-dodecyldiethylenetriamine and an aqueous mobile phase containing 4-dodecyldiethylenetriamine, zinc acetate, ammonium acetate, 2-propanol, and acetonitrile. Cyclopiazonic acid was extracted from peanuts with methanol-chloroform (20 + 80), partitioned into aqueous sodium bicarbonate, acidified, and back-extracted into dichloromethane. The limit of detection (280 nm UV) was approximately 4 ng and detector response was linear to at least 1 microgram pure cyclopiazonic acid. The recovery of cyclopiazonic acid from peanuts spiked at 68.9, 210, and 955 micrograms/kg was 85.9% (12.86% CV), 72.9% (6.43% CV), and 81.4% (0.40% CV), respectively. Calculation of the chromatographic peak parameters based on the exponentially modified Gaussian model indicated that the C18 column produced less peak skewing than did the C8 column.
In this study the response of driving pressure/flow ration on an abrupt change in heart rate was analysed. The difference between the response obtained with constant pressure and constant flow perfusion was also studied. The responses show a fast initial reversed phase followed by a slow phase caused by regulation. To test whether the initial phase could be the result of mechanical changes in the coronary circulation, a model for regulation was extended by the addition of four different mechanical models originating from the literature. These extended models were able to explain the fast initial phase. However, the mechanical model consisting of an intramyocardial compliance (C = 0.08 ml mm Hg-1 100 g-1) with a variable venous resistance, and the model consisting of a waterfall and a small compliance (C = 0.007 ml mm Hg-1 100g-1) both explained these responses best. The analysis showed that there is no direct relationship between rate of change of vascular tone and rate of change of pressure/flow ratio. However, on the basis of the two extended models, it can be predicted that the half-time for the response of regulation to be complete is about 9s with constant pressure perfusion and 15 s with constant flow perfusion.
Congenital nystagmus (CN) is an aperiodic oscillatory eye movement disorder of unknown etiology. We examined the effect of horizontal rectus tenotomy with simple re-attachment on the dimensionality of the dynamical mechanism underlying CN. The correlation dimensions (CDs) were calculated from eight patients who had tenotomy surgery. We found no significant differences in the CDs that could be associated with the surgery. The change in dimensionality was less than 5% on average. The results suggest that the tenotomy has no effect, or only a quite small effect, on the underlying mechanism of the CN beats.
This article is aimed at revising the traditional concept of neuronal activity based on pre-eminence of transmembrane potentials and "electric summation" on the neuron surface. It presents a historical survey of the emergence of the prevailing concept on propagation of potentials along conductive structures and reveals the psychological situation that determined the transfer of this concept to dendrites and the neuronal soma. Structural and biophysical properties of the neuron which do not permit information propagation along the neuronal membrane without crude distortion are critically discussed in detail.
Formation of the new behavioral act (active avoidance in shuttle box), its relationship with other forms of defensive behavior were studied in Wistar rats. During learning all the forms of defensive behavioral and motor activity were recorded. In result of the cluster-analysis (ISODATA) some tactics of defensive behavior were described. The results are discussed according to Anokhin's theory of the functional system.
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