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At least 883 records · Page 49Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

[Clinical studies of calcium hydroxide disinfecting infectious root canal of deciduous tooth].

OBJECTIVE: To search for a more ideal way to disinfect infectious root canal of deciduous tooth. METHODS: According to bacterial occurrence and clinical effect, 40 cases of infectious root canal of deciduous teeth disinfected with Ca(OH)2 were investigated, the other 40 cases with traditional way of using FC and CP respectively, were used as the control. RESULTS: Fist of all, the bacteria of deciduous tooth infectious root canal were same as the bacteria of permanent tooth infectious root canal. Secondly, Ca(OH)2 was stronger in disinfecting deciduous tooth infectious root canal. Thirdly, so far as sterilization was concerned, Ca(OH)2 had the same disinfectant as FC, and was better than CP, but FC had some irritation and poisonous side-effects to periodical tissue. So Ca(OH)2 was safe and effective for deciduous tooth infectious root canal. CONCLUSION: It was a more ideal way to disinfect deciduous tooth infectious root canal by Ca(OH)2.

Calcium Hydroxide↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cemented versus screw-retained implant-supported single-tooth crowns: a 4-year prospective clinical study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this controlled prospective clinical study was to compare cemented and screw-retained implant-supported single-tooth crowns followed for 4 years following prosthetic rehabilitation with respect to peri-implant marginal bone levels, peri-implant soft tissue parameters, and prosthetic complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve consecutive patients were selected from a patient population attending the Implantology Department at the University of Padova. They all presented with single-tooth bilateral edentulous sites in the canine/premolar/molar region with adequate bone width, similar bone height at the implant sites, and an occlusal scheme that allowed for the establishment of identical occlusal cusp/fossa contacts. Each patient received 2 identical implants (1 in each edentulous site). One was randomly selected to be restored with a cemented implant-supported single-tooth crown, and the other was restored with a screw-retained implant-supported single-tooth crown. Data on peri-implant marginal bone levels and on soft tissue parameters were collected 4 years after implant placement and analyzed to determine whether there was a significant difference with respect to the method of retention (cemented versus screw-retained). RESULTS: All patients completed the study. All 24 implants survived, resulting in a cumulative implant success rate of 100%. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the 2 groups with respect to peri-implant marginal bone levels and soft tissue parameters. DISCUSSION: The data obtained with this study suggested that the choice of cementation versus screw retention for single-tooth implant restorations is likely not based on clinical results but seems to be based primarily on the clinician's preference. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, the results indicate that there was no evidence of different behavior of the peri-implant marginal bone and of the peri-implant soft tissue when cemented or screw-retained single-tooth implant restorations were provided for this patient population.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗

PubMed2004

Extrinsic tooth stain removal efficacy of a sodium bicarbonate dual-phase dentifrice containing calcium and phosphate in a six-week clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this clinical investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness in removing existing extrinsic tooth stains of a sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), dual-phase dentifrice containing calcium and phosphate (Test Dentifrice), when compared to a commercial hydrated silica dentifrice (Control Dentifrice), during a six-week period of normal, unsupervised use. METHODOLOGY: This investigation was a double-blind comparison of two equivalent, parallel groups of subjects assigned to use different dentifrices for six weeks. A total of 108 adult male and female subjects qualified for the trial based on the presence of existing extrinsic tooth stains and other inclusion/exclusion criteria. The two groups were balanced for gender, tobacco use, and extrinsic tooth stain scores, and randomly assigned the Test or Control dentifrices. All subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily using only the dentifrice and toothbrush provided, and to refrain from using any other oral hygiene products for the duration of the study. Although product usage was unsupervised after the baseline visit, subjects maintained a treatment diary, and product consumption was monitored to estimate compliance. Oral soft and hard tissue and extrinsic stain assessments (Modified Lobene Stain Index) for each subject were conducted at baseline and after two, four, and six weeks of product use. RESULTS: A total of 107 subjects complied with the protocol and completed the six-week study. Compared to baseline, at the two-, four-, and six-week examinations the Test Dentifrice group had statistically significant reductions in extrinsic tooth stain. In contrast, the Control Dentifrice group did not attain significant reductions from baseline at any of the exams. At both the four-week and six-week examinations, the Test Dentifrice group had significantly lower levels of extrinsic tooth stain than the Control Dentifrice group. CONCLUSION: A sodium bicarbonate, dual-phase dentifrice containing calcium and phosphate demonstrated statisically significant efficacy in removing naturally acquired, extrinsic tooth stain, and was significantly more effective for stain removal than a commercially available, hydrated silica dentifrice.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Tooth tissue engineering: from cells to organ, an odyssey far from finished].

Tooth tissue engineering is an emerging biotechnique that will provide replacemental teeth for patients suffering from different diseases causing tooth loss. Although some attempts have been tried to generate whole tooth both in vivo and in vitro, the lack of the knowledge for tooth initiation and development, as well as for tooth shape controlling mechanisms greatly impede the progress of this technique. This article reviewed and discussed some recent findings in tooth tissue engineering related to the cell resource, the concept of reconstruction and regeneration, the application of artificial scaffolds, together with the methods of organ culture and implantation.

Humans↗

PubMed2006

[Effects of osteoporosis on experimental tooth movement in aged rats].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the experimental tooth movement and recruitment of new osteoclasts in aged variotomized (OVX) rats. METHODS: Eighty-two 3-month female virgin health rats were divided into two groups. Each group was divided into seven sub-groups of tooth movement: 0,1,3,5,7,10 and 14 days. The tooth movement and the population of osteoclasts were measured and comparatively analyzed. RESULTS: The osteoporosis rats showed larger and faster tooth movement (P<0.05). In the osteoporosis group, the instantaneous tooth movement lasted longer time and traversed larger distance, the delay period was shorter, the population of osteoclasts was larger and displayed a faster recruitment. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that osteoporosis accelerates tooth movement in aged OVX rats.

Aging↗

PubMed2006

Evaluation for the fully automatic inlay reconstruction by means of the biogeneric tooth model.

Length measurements and descriptive characterizations were previously the sole reference points for describing the morphology of the occlusal surface. For computerized methods in dentistry, this is not sufficient for producing a data record. So far, the literature has reported no solutions. With the aid of a tooth library containing three-dimensionally measured occlusal surfaces free of caries and abrasion, a mathematical model was produced to describe a certain type of tooth by reference to a few parameters, taking account of functional and biologically relevant structures. This biogeneric tooth model was tested on 27 different inlay situations. The results show that fully automatic reconstruction was possible in all cases. The deviations of the reconstructions from the original tooth surface were on average around 150 microm. Furthermore, the influence of different parameters on the mathematical model was examined. Here, combinations that guarantee the best possible reconstruction for many situations could be found. The visual evaluation and the metric comparison of the reconstructions among one another illustrate the great flexibility of the biogeneric tooth model. With the aid of the biogeneric tooth model, there is the possibility of reconstructing the occlusal surfaces of dental restorations by CAD/CAM processes fully automatically, taking account of morphological and functional criteria. Further studies are needed to show to what extent the inclusion of degree of abrasion, antagonist and adjacent teeth delivers the desired results in the whole spectrum of clinical cases.

Computer Graphics↗

PubMed2006

Relationship between personality and satisfaction with the dentition in tooth wear patients.

This study was undertaken to identify whether personality traits had any relationship with patients' satisfaction with their dentition in tooth wear cases. One hundred tooth wear patients and one hundred controls were recruited into the study. A Dental Impact on Daily Living questionnaire was used to assess impact of tooth wear on day to day life and satisfaction with the dentition. An ordinal scale was used to assess tooth wear severity in tooth wear patients. The NEO Five Factor inventory was used to assess personal profiles. Tooth wear patients were less satisfied with their dentition, had higher Neuroticism, lower Extraversion, and higher Openness than the controls.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1990

[An immunohistochemical study on the response of nerve fibers in the periodontium of rat molars during experimental tooth movement].

It is well known that orthodontic forces induce pain during tooth movement. However there have been few neurohistological studies on sensational periodontal tissue response to orthodontic tooth movement. So we have many unknown problems about reactions of periodontal nerve fibers during tooth movement. The present study deals with the response of nerve fibers in periodontal ligament of rat molar during experimental tooth movement by means of immunohistochemical method for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). The results obtained in this study were as follows: 1. In control sections, CGRP-immunopositive nerve fibers were observed both around the root apex and in the intermediate region of the periodontal ligament. Although most of those fibers was distributed around the blood vessels, a few nerves were recognized to terminate in the periodontal fibers. 2. At three days after tooth movement, the CGRP-positive nerves gradually increased in number around the blood vessels. After that, the number of CGRP-positive nerves decreased and no difference of distribution of CGRP-positive nerves was observed between the control sections and the experimental sections at seven days. 3. Especially, at three days when active remodeling of alveolar bone was taking place, a few nerve fibers showing CGRP-immunoreactivity were observed to concentrate around osteoclasts or to migrate Howship's lacunae. These findings showed the dynamic changes of CGRP-immunoreactive nerves in the periodontal ligament during tooth movement, and suggested that this reaction of the periodontal nerves might induce pain in patients. In addition to neurotransmitter function, it was supposed that CGRP directly or indirectly effected the cellular elements and surrounding tissues on peripheral organs such as vascular system and osteoclasts.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Changes in efficiency of orthodontic tooth movement resulting from differences in bracket materials].

The distance of distal movement of the lower canine was measured, using metal tooth with metal bracket and three types of ceramic bracket (polycrystal alumina x 2, zirconia x 1). Sizes of the wires used in this experiment were 0.018" round, 0.016" x 0.022" and 0.17" x 0.022". The bracket slot and the wire surface employed in the experiment were observed by use of stereoscopic microscope and S.E.M. The following results were obtained. 1. The distance of tooth movement with three types of ceramic bracket was significantly less than that with the metal bracket. 2. Rate of decrease in tooth movement with three types of ceramic bracket ranged from 30% to 60% in comparison with the metal bracket. 3. The wire surface was obviously scratched by the ceramic brackets, whereas slight scratch was observed on the wire with the metal bracket. 4. The distance of tooth movement decreased associated with an increase of wire size. 5. The distance retracted from the cuspal position was less than that from the cervical point. It was shown that efficiency of tooth movement was significantly reduced by the use of ceramic brackets in comparison with the metal bracket. This result seems to be caused by the frictional resistance between the wire and ceramic bracket. It is suggested that refinement of ceramic brackets, slot edge and surface in particular, would produce more efficient and desirable tooth movements in clinical orthodontics.

Ceramics↗

PubMed1989

[Production of monoclonal antibodies against tooth germs of hamster or rat by in vitro immunization].

The in vitro immunization procedure for the production of monoclonal antibodies has several advantages over the in vivo procedure; e.g. it requires a much smaller amount of immunogen and only a few days are required for immunization. However, no in vitro immunization procedure for the production of monoclonal antibodies against tooth germs has been reported. By means of in vitro immunization, we tried to produce monoclonal antibodies against the components of tooth germs which would be useful for immunohistochemical investigation of the development of tooth germs. Spleen cells of mice were immunized with a homogenate of molar tooth germs from hamsters or rats. The hybridomas produced were screened by immunohistochemical examination of paraffin sections of tooth germs. We obtained five monoclonal antibodies reacting with the dental tissues; ameloblasts, odontoblasts, enamel, dentin, predentin, and dental sac. One of them reacted specifically with only ameloblasts and one with ameloblasts and enamel, but the others are not specific for individual dental tissues. The results demonstrate that in vitro immunization is a satisfactory method for producing monoclonal antibodies useful for immunohistochemical investigation of tooth germs.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

["Tooth mortality" in a Marseille S.C.T.D. The effect of periodontal disease: comparison with some results of a national epidemiological study].

1,247 avulsions have been noted for a year in the S.C.T.D. (tooth, age and sex of the patient). 44.6% were caused by tooth decay. However periodontal disease was responsible for 39.5% of tooth avulsions. The tooth lost because of periodontal disease were in most part extracted after 40 years. A weakness of some type of teeth regarding tooth mortality may be quoted. A sexual dimorphism of tooth mortality was present in the studied population.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

A preliminary investigation of postmortem tooth loss.

Forensic anthropologists have found a seemingly increased frequency of dismemberment cases and subsequent scattering of the elements that mandates developing unconventional methods of estimating postmortem interval. The chronological sequence in postmortem tooth loss has been investigated as an indicator for estimation of time since death. The anterior dentitions of cadavera were observed to discern patterns in "drop time" based on age, periodontal health, seasonality and location of body placement. Individuals deposited in the summer months lost teeth much more rapidly than those deposited in the late fall or winter months. Similarly, individuals exposed to direct sunlight, a micro-environment where rapid decomposition has been noted, lost teeth before individuals in shaded locales. Since tooth loss is dependent on the deterioration of the soft tissues which bind the tooth into the alveolar bone, we found tooth loss to be correlated with general soft tissue decomposition rates as dictated by season and environment. When utilized as sole indicator, the patterns of postmortem tooth loss can not be used for estimating time since death. However, when used in conjunction with other indicators, tooth loss patterns may provide useful information for more accurate estimation of the postmortem interval.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Polyamine depletion-mediated effects on murine odontogenesis are dependent on tooth developmental stage and culture conditions.

Polyamines are known to play a central role in processes such as growth and development. Virtually nothing is known about their importance in tooth development, an attractive and frequently used experimental model for studies of developmental processes. A polyamine-depleted state was created in tooth cells in an organ culture system. First lower molar germs from 16-and 17.5-day old mouse fetuses were used. alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and methylglyoxal bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) were used to deplete the cells from their polyamine content. Polyamine interconversion and catabolism were prevented by aminoguanidine sulfate (AG). In day-16 germs cultured in serum-containing medium, DFMO reduced the frequency of cycling cells as shown by [3H]thymidine incorporation, and induced a delay of odontoblast differentiation of about 24 h. Under the same conditions, MGBG induced an arrest of histo-morphogenesis, correlated to a significant decrease in the rate of cell proliferation. Addition of polyamines prevented DFMO- and MGBG-induced delay of tooth differentiation. Interestingly, MGBG did not delay the terminal differentiation of odontoblasts and ameloblasts in cultured day-17.5 molars; in these, cells at the tip of the cusps are only a few hours before their withdrawal from the cell cycle. In serum-deprived medium, dental cytodifferentiations did not occur. Addition of putrescine or spermidine to serum-free media, however, allowed for tooth morphogenesis and cytodifferentiation. Tooth explants in a serum-deprived medium reacted to DFMO in a cytocidal fashion, whereas MGBG showed only a mild toxicity in some cell types. Addition of putrescine to DFMO-containing medium prevented its cytotoxic effect. Addition of spermidine to MGBG-containing medium not only prevented its mild toxicity but also allowed for predentin secretion by differentiated odontoblasts. The results are discussed with regard to the well-established developmental events of tooth germs cultured in vitro and with respect to present knowledge of polyamine metabolism and their involvement in cellular processes.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Proposed augmentation of popular tooth-numbering systems addressing pontics, implants, and restoration connectors.

Several tooth numbering systems are in use. A supplement to commonly used tooth numbering systems identifying pontics, implants, and restoration connectors has been proposed as follows; (1) pontics are identified by the tooth number of the tooth being replaced followed by the addition of the cursive lower case suffix "p"; (2) pontics should be considered as such regardless of the nature of the abutments; (3) endosseous implants are identified by the tooth number of the tooth position occupied by the coronal end of the implant followed by the cursive lower case suffix "i"; (4) the connector between extracoronal retainers and/or pontics should be identified by a hyphen. Examples are given for the three most commonly used systems.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗

PubMed1996

Tooth root abscesses in New World camelids: 23 cases (1972-1994).

OBJECTIVE: To determine typical clinical and radiographic findings in a group of New World camelids with tooth root abscesses and to determine outcome after medical and surgical treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 23 llamas and alpacas with radiographic and clinical evidence of tooth root abscesses. PROCEDURE: Disease history, signalment, physical and radiographic examination findings, bacteriologic culture results, treatment, and short-term and long-term outcome were retrieved from the medical records. RESULTS: Local swelling was the most common clinical abnormality in camelids with tooth root abscesses. Mandibular molars were affected most commonly, and bacteriologic culture of samples from lesions often revealed facultative anaerobic bacteria. Antibiotic treatment for at least 30 days, surgical extraction of the affected tooth, and a root canal procedure were used successfully to treat tooth root abscesses. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Both surgical and medical treatment of tooth root abscesses may lead to successful resolution of clinical signs in New World camelids.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Spinal bone density and tooth loss in a cohort of postmenopausal women.

Osteoporosis has been suggested to contribute to the edentulous condition. However, studies specifically designed to examine the relationship between tooth loss and osteoporosis are scarce, and reported results have been mixed. This study investigated the correlation between tooth loss and spinal bone density in a nonHispanic white female population. Forty-four subjects were recruited and divided into high and low spinal bone density groups based on whether the bone density was higher or lower than the age-adjusted population mean bone density. Missing teeth and periodontal status in these groups were assessed and analyzed. Tooth loss was not significantly different between subjects with low spinal bone density (4.90 +/- 0.89 teeth) and high spinal bone density (3.81 +/- 0.90 teeth). Tooth loss did not differ after age and periodontal adjustment. However, the loss of attachment levels (relative to the cementoenamel junction) was greater in the low spinal bone density subjects (3.42 +/- 0.30 mm) than in the high spinal bone density subjects (2.37 +/- 0.26 mm) (P < .05). The difference may have resulted from gingival recession (P < .05), because the gingival pocket depths were not significantly different between the two groups. In this study, total tooth loss was not directly associated with systemic bone density. However, periodontal disease was negatively associated with spinal bone density. Whether periodontal disease will ultimately lead to greater tooth loss in low spinal bone density group merits further investigation.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Brief communication: Tigaran (Point Hope, Alaska) tooth drilling.

In a sample of 48 adult Tigarans (1300-1700 A.D.) from Point Hope, Alaska, 33 exhibited various degrees of periodontal disease, which, in 25, resulted in tooth loss (Schwartz, unpublished data). Although extreme examples of tooth wear were prevalent in the sample, carious infection was noted in only one individual, in whom the lower central incisors (I1S) had been affected. In the left I1, infection had spread through the root's apex into the alveolar bone, causing an abscess. The buccal (labial) side of the root of this tooth, just below the crown, bears a shallow, relatively flat-bottomed depression, with a small perforation into, as well as a second hole that fully penetrates, the root canal. Both of these features appear to have been produced by an implement, and, as they are associated with a diseased tooth, and ritualistic tooth shaping or drilling of any sort was, and is, not practiced among Arctic groups, their purpose was probably therapeutic. As such, this specimen appears to represent a case of precontact New World Arctic dentistry.

Alaska↗

PubMed2006

Ectopic supernumerary tooth on the inferior nasal concha.

Variations regarding the location of an ectopic tooth in the human nasal cavity, although rare, are documented in the literature, but presence of an ectopic tooth on the inferior nasal concha (INC) has not been reported. We observed an anomalous tooth projecting from the posterior margin of the right INC in two adult female skulls. A small quadrangular tooth projected beyond the posterior margin of the hard palate in one of the skulls and a medium sized conical tooth was observed in the other skull. The affected INC in both skulls were located more inferiorly compared to the opposite side and were in close approximation with the hard palate. No similar findings were noted on the contralateral side nor were there any associated congenital or iatrogenic deformity. The phylogenetic, ontogenetic, and clinical importance of this variant is described. Knowledge of such an anomaly is of paramount importance to otorhinolaryngologists, reconstructive and dental surgeons, and radiologists for identification of such rarities encountered during invasive or non-invasive procedures.

Adult↗