PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “ACID-BASE EQUILIBRIUM”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Thiopental anaesthesia and the acid-base balance in the blood of experimental dogs.

An analysis of basic parameters representative of the acid-base balance was made in arterial blood samples from 140 clinically healthy dogs, under a general intravenous Thiopental anaesthesia. The following mean values +/- S.E.M. were obtained: pH = 7.33 +/- 0.01; pCO2 = 47.16 +/- 0.95; base excess = -2.12 +/- 0.27; buffer base = 46.63 +/- 0.37. The results showed a prevalent trend of lower values of pH, base excess and buffer base and higher values of pCO2 than those found commonly in human clinical practice. Special attention was paid to the respiratory component of the acid-base balance (ABB) revealing certain undesirable side effect of Thiopental anaesthesia.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Disorders of body temperature regulation. 1. Physiopathological study].

In this work, disorders of thermo-regulation are first studied in a synthetic manner from the angle of cellular and haemodynamic disturbances. Then the particular physiopathological aspects concerning hypothermia and hyperthermia are looked at in succession. In his next work, the author will view the clinical and therapeutic study of these phenomena. Extensive bibliography.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Accidental peroperative hypothermia during rapid transfusion].

Six cases of grave hypothermias are reported, having arisen during surgical interventions which necessitated a rapid and abundant transfusion of badly warmed blood. The role of favouring factors, surrounding cold due to the air-conditioning, anaesthesia, extent of the area of operation, seems important. The symptomatology permits the individualization of a hypothermic syndrom neighbouring the picture described in toxic accidental hypothermias. Accidents during the warming process associate collapse and disturbances in coagulation. It is therefore necessary to consider certain signs of alarm as important and generalize the conditions for prevention of thermolysis in the operating theatre.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Impact of alfatesine anesthesia on cerebrospinal fluid pressure in man].

The variations in pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid was studied in 20 patients before and after induction of anesthesia with alfatesine (0.1 ml/Kg). 14 patients received no other complementary drug (group 1); in the six other cases, 1 g. of acetylsalicylic acid was administered as an analgesic complement (group II). All of the patients spontnaeously ventilated an O2 - N2O 50 p. 100 mixture. The C.S.F. pressure fell by 39 p. 100 on the average (p. less than 0.001) in group I and did not vary in group II. This fall is essentially related to cerebral vasoconstriction, therefore to the fall in cerebral blood flow caused by Alfatesine. In group II hypercapnia was noted in all of the patients; it abolishes the cerebral vasoconstriction due to Alfatesine; the cerebral blood flow did not fall neither did the C.S.F. pressure.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1975

[Effect of peripheral counterpulsation on the body of an animal with intact heart].

The effect of lasting peripheral counterpulsation upon the haemodynamics and the main biochemical factors of the blood was studied in 14 dogs with intact hearts. In cases of significant tachycardia counterpulsation in a 1:2 regimen results in only a partial reduction of the resistance to the cardiac output. This does not always permit to prevent the formation of the phenomenon of an elevated myocardial contractility. The haemodynamic conditions are most optimal in a 1:1 regimen of counterpulsation. Slowing down of the cardiac rhythm was achieved by means of hypothermia.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1975

[The acid-base balance in the CSF of normal subjects regulatory mechanisms (author's transl)].

1. The acid-base balance (pH, pCO2 and HCO-3) of 23 normal subjects was determined both in arterialized capillary blood and in the CSF. 2. Statistically significant correlations (determined by means of Spearman's rank correlation) were found between: pCO2 in arterialized blood and CSF pH (Rs=--0.372, p is less than 0.05), pCO2 in the CSF and CSF pH (Rs=--0.421, p is less than 0.05), HCO-3 in the CSF and in arterialized blood (Rs=0.623, p is less than 0.05), blood pH and CSF pH (Rs=0.485, p is less than 0.025), pCO2 in the CSF and HCO-3 in the CSF (Rs=0.559, p is less than 0.005). 3. The regulatory mechanisms of the CSF acid-base balance in normal subjects and also in patients with extra-neural or CNS disturbances are discussed.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1975

[Effects of acid-base changes upon the chronotropic response to norepinephrine (author's transl)].

The effect of changes in pH produced by changing NaHCO2 at constant pCO2 and by changing pCO2 at constant NaHCO2 concentration was studied in the spontaneous beating rat atrium. Alkalosis produced either by changes in pCO2 or in NaHCO2 concentration increased basal heart rate shifting dose-response curves to norepinephrine upwards. When these dose-response curves were analysed for a horizontal shift, it was found that the necessary dose to produce a given effect was lesser in alkalosis than in acidosis. This shift was significant at the ED10 and at ED30 when the pCO2 was lowered and at ED30, ED50 and ED70 when the NaHCO2 concentration was increased. Beta-adrenergic blockade did not prevent the rate increasing effect of alkalosis. Our results suggest that there is a sensitizing effect to norepinephrine in alkalosis superimposed to a direct effect of pH upon heart rate.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1975

Blood changes in water deprived rats.

To study the variations of blood constituents during water deprivation, rats were deprived of water from six to twelve days. Control and rehydrated animals were also included in the study. A significant increase was observed in sodium, chloride and hematocrit throughout the experiment. Calcium, bicarbonate and PCO2 increased at 10-11 days of treatment. Potassium, inorganic phosphorus, pH, base excess and blood buffer capacity did not change in the course of the experiment. Rehydrated animals recovered to control levels in all the studied components, except for pH and base excess, which increased somewhat. Plasma volume changes could explain only partially electrolyte variation. The "dehydration reaction" is considered to be the main mechanism responsible for these changes. Unchanged hematocrit levels in water deprived animals suggest that after 6 days of water deprivation there is no further loss of plasma water. Bicarbonate and PCO2 changes showed a good relationship and may account for unchanged pH and base excess values.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1976

Fetal acid-base balance. I. Interdependence of maternal and fetal PCO2 and bicarbonate concentration.

This paper presents the results of measurements of the acid-base and gaseous status of maternal and fetal capillary blood at the time of amniotomy, before the onset of labor. The correlation coefficient between maternal and fetal bicarbonate concentration is 0.6, and that between maternal and fetal PCO2 is 0.31. From the results obtained, as well as from a survey of other work in the field, it is proposed that the diffusion of carbon dioxide across the placenta could not explain some of the findings and that bicarbonate concentrations equilibrate across the placenta.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1975

[Computer experience and further developments in the respiratory function laboratory (author's transl)].

Reported is on satisfactory results obtained with a small-size computer consisting of punching and scanning device, as well as plain writing machine in the respiratory function laboratory. Developed in on- as well as off-line processing by an own technical staff, a diagnostic and teaching program was established for all respiratory function routine methods with the advantages of a large number of cases examined, elimination of sources of error, considerable supply of data and information, automatic documentation and filing, plain writing, interpretation and evaluation of findings. In continuation of such works also the blood gas analysis has been included. These values as the total of disturbances of the pathophysiological acid-base status are considered and interpreted. Clinical correction is forced in this man-machine dialogue by automatic stops of the whole machinery before going on. Subsequently and in addition are computer alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure gradient, venous shunt and oxygen saturation and expressed utilizing the capacity of the small-size computer. Further developments in the respiratory function diagnostic- and teaching program for small-size computers--not too expensive in the building block principle - are intended.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of 1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives on the toxic action of oxygen under increased pressure].

The 1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives (diazepam, nitrazepm, lorazepam, clonazepam and two newly synthetized compounds of this series) increase the resistance of albino rats and rabbits to the toxic effect of oxygen under high pressure (7 and 5.5 atm respectively). The compounds under study are apt to avert over a long period the development of metabolic acidosis which appears following the action of high-pressure oxygen on the body.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1975

[Ionization of the acid-base groups of polyene antibiotics in aqueous solutions].

The acid-base characteristics of polyenic antibiotics, such as nystatin, mycoheptin and levorin in aqueous solutions were studied. A special procedure provided the use of potentiometric titration for investigation of ionization of the groups of vater-insoluble substances. The ionization constants of the carboxylic and amine groups of the antibiotics at several temperatures were determined. It was found that ionization of the acid group did not practically depend on the temperature. At the same time the heat effect of the amine group ionization was significant and amounted to about 10 kcal/mole. Thermodynamic analysis of the ionization process of the polyenic antibiotics in aqueous solutions was performed. Integral components defining the process energetics were calculated.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1975

Acid-base parameters in the dehydrated camel.

The effect of prolonged (10 days) dehydration on acid-base parameters of camel blood was examined. The pH and PCO2 levels rose significantly in the course of dehydration. This state was comparable with compensated non-respiratory alkalosis found in other animals. The plasma sodium, and magnesium levels rose significantly also. The plasma oxygen and calcium levels declined significantly. There were no significant changes in potassium and phosphate levels. It is concluded that the changes found in acid-base status following dehydration are further evidence of water preservation mechanisms in the dehydrated camel.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗