Researches on the antigenic structure of Actinomycetales. IV. Chemical and antigenic structure of Actinomyces israeli.
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A new teichoic acid was identified in the cell walls of Streptomyces griseoviridis VKM Ac-622T, Streptomyces sp. VKM Ac-2091, and Actinoplanes campanulata VKM Ac-1319T. The polymer is poly(glycosylglycerol phosphate). The repeating units of the polymer, alpha-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-galactopyran+ ++ osyl-(1-->1)-glycerols, are in phosphodiester linkage at C-3 of glycerol and C-6 of galactose. The structures of cell wall teichoic acids in the strains Streptomyces chryseus VKM Ac-200T and "Streptomyces subflavus" VKM Ac-484 similar in morphology and growth characteristics are also identical: 1,5-poly(ribitol phosphate) substituted at C-4(2) by 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucopyranosyl residues and 1,3-poly(glycerol phosphate). The taxonomic aspects of these results are discussed.
Aerobic actinomycetes causing nocardiosis, GRT-(Gordona, Rhodococcus, Tsukamurella) infections, actinomycetomas, dermatophilosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis, including etiology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of the diseases are described. The name "actinomycetosis" for all these diseases has been proposed. Many clinical important and potential pathogens, as well as an increasing number of opportunistic, immunosuppressed and immunocompromised cases are discussed. A review of the abundant literature up to date, concerning the problem, is presented.
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