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PubMed1994

A soldering index made with 4-META adhesive resin.

Soldering indexes are most often made of fast-setting impression plaster or autopolymerizing resin. Lack of adhesive bonding between these materials and the casting requires the use of a bulky index to support the fixed partial denture components. The advent of adhesive resins improves the quality of the index and simplifies the procedure. A procedure for making a soldering index with 4-META adhesive resin is described that involves direct bonding of the resin to the metal castings. This procedure is accurate, simple, and time-saving. It can be used inside or outside the mouth, in prosthodontic or implant dentistry.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1993

A controlled clinical study on the new topical dosage form of DHEP plasters in patients suffering from localized inflammatory diseases.

In this clinical study the efficacy and the tolerability of a new topical formulation, DHEP plaster, have been evaluated. The plaster consists of an auto-adhesive medicated gauze pad of standard dimensions (10 x 15 cm) containing 180 mg DHEP. The reference drug was a well-known topical drug, diclofenac diethylammonium (DDA) emulgel at 1.16%. Treatments were applied to the affected area for 14 days: DHEP plaster b.i.d. and DDA emulgel q.i.d. A total of 190 patients, affected by various inflammatory diseases, participated in this clinical study. In both treatment groups (DHEP n = 96 patients, DDA n = 94 patients) a clear improvement in the disease and a rapid reduction in pain were observed. The statistical comparison between the two treatments showed a significant difference in favour of DHEP. However a comparison of the results, according to the different diagnoses, did not reveal any statistical significance. Both treatments were well tolerated, although five (DHEP n = 2, DDA n = 3) out of the 190 patients (2.6%) showed transient side effects (pruritus or erythema, both of light intensity).

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2001

In vitro percutaneous absorption of tenoxicam from pressure-sensitive adhesive matrices across the hairless mouse skin.

To investigate the feasibility of developing a new tenoxicam plaster, the effects of vehicles and penetration enhancers on the in vitro permeation of tenoxicam from a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) matrices across the dorsal hairless mouse skin were studied. Vehicles employed in this study were propylene glycol (PG)-oleyl alcohol (OAI), PG-oleic acid (OA), and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (DGME)-propylene glycol monolaurate (PGML) cosolvents with/without fatty acids. In this study, amines such as triethanolamine (TEA) and tromethamine (TM) were additionally used as a solubilizer. Among PSAs used, Duro-Tak 87-2510 showed much higher release rate than either Duro-Tak 87-2100 or Duro-Tak 87-2196. The relatively high flux rate was obtained with the formulation of DGME-PGML (40:60, v/v) with 3% OA and 5% TM, and the flux increased as a function of the dose; the initial flux up to 12 h was 4.98 +/- 1.38 microg/cm2/h at the tenoxicam dose of 50 mg/70 cm2. This flux was much higher than that of a commercial piroxicam patch (Trast) (1.24 +/- 0.73 microg/ cm2/hr) with almost only one-third that of the commercial patch. Therefore, these observations indicated that these composition of tenoxicam plaster may be practically applicable.

Adhesives↗
PubMed2005

[Experimental studies on the preparation techniques of Tongjingshu babu sticking plaster].

OBJECTIVE: to establish the optimum preparation procedure for Tongjingshu babu sticking plaster. METHOD: Orthogonal design was used to observe the adhesion power, cohesion by the multi-electronic experimental equipment. RESULT: The best formulation is composed of ointment, polypropylene acid, glycerin, bond and its proportion is 0.2:4:8:1.2, the final plaster contains 35% water with idea stability to the skin. CONCLUSION: The formulation of Tongjing-shu babu sticking plaster is resonable and its preparation is simple and rapid.

Adhesives↗
PubMed2003

[Cataplasma of traditional Chinese medicine].

The TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) transdermal plaster (also known as "cataplasma") are flexible adhesive patches used for treatment of pain, resulted from arthritis, sprain and bruise, tendovaginitis, lumbar spine protrude, neuralgia, hyperosteogeny ache, abdominal discomfort and metastatic cancer, etc. Since the 1980's, investigators in China have used this modern patch delivery system for herbal drugs and obtained satisfactory results especially from the treatment of various types of pain associated with bone diseases, abdominal discomfort, and tumors, etc. The production of TCM cataplasma was successfully scaled up in early 90's and the commercial product line for an antirheumatic agent was first established in Shanghai by Leiyunshang Group. Thus far, a number of products in the form of TCM cataplasma became commercially available in the market, and clinical investigations with these products indicated that topically applicable herbal preparations, especially in the form of cataplasma, are preferred formulations with respect to the treatment comfort of the patient. Compared to the traditional preparations which utilize rubber and rosin as adhesives, cataplasma is advantageous in that the lipophilic and hydrophilic ingredients of the herbal extracts are solubilized and then "gellified" with the organic polymers, and that the drug matrix containing up to 40%-70% of water serves as a "drug reservoir" that will sustain the quick and continuous release of herbal ingredients over several days across the skin. While there are conventional remedies for palliation of pain and discomfort associated with bone diseases or cancers, administration of oral medicinal herbs combined with topical agents such as TCM cataplasma may significantly alleviate the symptoms and improve their quality of life. This article provides a review on three aspects, which include the process development, characteristics and developmental status of TCM cataplasma, and future development of such a technology.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1993

[Plaster-free, early functional after-care of surgically managed Achilles tendon rupture].

The widely used treatment of Achilles tendon rupture by operation and postoperative plaster is more and more controversially discussed. The disadvantages of plasters with thrombosis and joint stiffness and recent results about tendon healing makes it worth while to illucinate an immediate functional physiotherapy. Our study consists of two groups of patients who were operated for tendon rupture. Postoperative one group (n = 24) was treated with a plaster for six weeks. The second group (n = 17) was immediately treated by physiotherapy without any immobilisation. After a mean time interval of 19.8 months the joint movement and tendon flexibility was evaluated. Furthermore soft tissue ultrasound was performed to measure the tendon tissue density and gliding movement. Our data showed that 1. Early functional treatment resulted in minor problems (35%) than immobilisation (46%). 2. Plaster-free treated patients had higher tendon density values (grade II 41%, grade III 47%, grade IV 12%), which depicts a higher tensile strength than the comparable group (grade II 29%, grade III 58%, grade IV 13%). 3. Plaster-free treated patients showed significant lesser adhesion formation to the Achilles tendon (grade I 29%, grade II 53%, grade III 18%) than immobilisation (grade I 4%, grade II 59%, grade III 37%).

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1983

Role of fixation in the treatment of nasal fractures.

Following the reduction of nasal fractures, fixation was performed in 3 ways: 1 Packing for 72 h and plaster cast for 1 week. 2 Packing for 72 h and adhesive tape for 1 week. 3 Adhesive tape for 1 week. At follow-up 3 months after the reduction, these groups were compared with a group of patients with nasal fractures which had not needed treatment and with a group of normals. It was concluded that among the group fixed with packing and plaster cast, significantly fewer patients were dissatisfied than in the other groups, and fewer complained of deformity. The physical examination showed an appreciable number of minor deformities in all groups including the normal group. A significantly higher frequency of nasal obstruction was found in the group of patients operated upon compared to the non-operated group and the normal group by physical examination, but not by the questionnaire. The present study does not support the point of view that a high percentage of cases of nasal fracture have to be operated upon by open reduction. Radiology has no medical or legal value in patients with nasal fractures and should not be used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Blocking metal-polymer osteosynthesis of the tibia in diaphyseal fractures of the crural bones].

The article presents indications, technique, specific methods of postoperative management and results of the blocking metallic-polymer osteosynthesis of diaphyseal fractures of the tibial bone. The method was used in operations on 42 patients aged from 17 to 76. In the postoperative period no plaster immobilization was used. All the patients have shown adhesion and recovery of the function of the extremity after operation within 2-3.5 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

A new heat and moisture exchanger with speech valve (Provox stomafilter).

In previous studies investigating the influence of a heat and moisture exchanger on the respiratory and psychosocial problems of laryngectomized patients, the value of regular use of such a device could clearly be established. However, the compliance with the use of these devices was not optimal, mainly due to problems related to the plaster and to the often troublesome combination of these HMEs with a voice prosthesis. Therefore, a prospective, clinical trial was undertaken to investigate whether the use of a newly developed heat and moisture exchanger (HME, Provox stomafilter) could improve the acceptibility of such a device. In total, 19 patients participated in this study, 13 men and six women. Vocal rehabilitation was achieved with a Provox voice prosthesis in all patients. Each of the patients was provided with a supply of HMEs for a 3-week trial period. The results showed that all patients were clearly positive about the valve used for digital occlusion of the stoma. Voicing was considerably facilitated and the intelligibility improved. Problems experienced in previous studies related to the adhesive tape, such as skin irritation, inadequate adherence and loosening of the plaster by coughing or forced expectoration, could be solved by the availability of the different adhesives included in this system.

Adhesives↗
PubMed2004

Plasma versus halogen light: the effect of different light sources on the shear bond strength of brackets.

The aim of this study was to investigate differences between plasma and halogen light polymerization in relation to the attainable shear bond strength of brackets bonded with various adhesives. 720 brackets were divided into 72 different groups of n = 10. The brackets were bonded to 240 flat polished test specimens produced from bovine teeth, Pontor MPF alloy, and extra hard plaster (type III) respectively. Transbond XT, Kurasper F or Fuji Ortho LC served as adhesives to bond either ceramic (Transcend 6000) or stainless steel brackets (Mini Uni-Twin). 50% of all brackets were bonded with a minimum layer of adhesive, and the remaining 50% with an adhesive layer thickness of 1.0 mm. In 360 cases the adhesive was polymerized with a plasma light (PAC), and in a further 360 cases with a halogen light (Optilux 401). The light curing time was 10 s with plasma light and 40 s with halogen light. After 24 h of storage in deionized water at room temperature, all brackets were subjected to a shear bond strength test according to ISO standard 10477. The measured shear bond strength did not differ significantly between the two curing light sources. The 1 mm adhesive layer thickness group showed significantly higher shear bond strengths in comparison to the minimum layer thickness group.

Dental Bonding↗
PubMed1980

[Animal experiments on cementing small osteochondral fragments with fibrin glue].

An experiment on revascularization of glued osteochondral fragments was carried out. A chiseled part of the medial femoral condyle of the knee joint of the rabbit was fixed on the right side with an acryl adhesive and on the left side with a new fibrinogen adhesive system (FAS), consisting of highly concentrated fibrinogen, thrombin, and factor XIII. The animals were sacrificed after three, six, ten, and twenty eight days. The FAS is changed into granulation tissue rich in vessels and, therefore, there is a quick revascularization of the fragments soon after three days. On the contrary the acryl adhesive is a foreign body and prevents ingrowth of capillaries during the time of investigation. Immobilization with plaster is necessary to prevent the fragment from gliding off.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Enamel surface roughness following debonding using two resin grinding methods.

The purpose of this study was to assess quantitatively the roughness of the enamel surface following debonding using two resin removal methods. The enamel surface of 30 premolar crowns was covered with black tape with a 3 mm window on the middle buccal third to standardize the area of analysis. The initial enamel surfaces were subjected to profilometry, registering four roughness parameters (Ra, Rq, Rt and Rz). The brackets were bonded to the plaster-embedded enamel surfaces with a chemically cured, no-mix adhesive, and debonded after 1 week. Resin removal in half of the specimens was performed with an eight-bladed carbide bur, and in the other half with an ultra-fine diamond bur, both attached to a high speed hand piece; a second profilometric measurement was made after resin removal. Finishing of all surfaces was achieved with Soflex discs and a third registration of roughness followed. The duration of each resin removal protocol was also recorded. The results were analysed with two-way ANOVA and the Newman-Keuls test with the two resin grinding modes and the three intervals serving as discriminating variables (n = 15). For the duration results, a one-way ANOVA was used. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed with respect to enamel roughness parameters between the two resin grinding methods used, while there was no consistent roughness-reducing effect of finishing with Soflex discs. Resin removal with a diamond bur was achieved in approximately half the time compared with the eight-bladed bur. The increase in most roughness variables induced by the debonding procedures was not reversed at the end of the finishing stage, regardless of the resin removal protocol used, suggesting an irreversible effect on enamel texture.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1988

The use of fibrin adhesive in the repair of chondral and osteochondral injuries.

Fibrin adhesive proved to be useful in the reattachment of chondral and osteochondral fragments. Its use is based on sound biological principles. It offers a number of advantages over internal fixation; it causes no further damage to the cartilage, even small chondral fragments can be reattached and a second operation for the removal of metalwork is unnecessary. Its bonding strength provides only contact stability, so that immobilization in plaster for 3 weeks is always necessary. In the last 5 years we have used fibrin adhesive in 28 patients for the fixation of 39 chondral or osteochondral fragments. Of these, 26 cases were followed up for periods of 6 months to 5 years. Twelve patients were examined arthroscopically; 9 of them showed complete healing of the fragments, and only 3 slight localized degenerative changes. In 15 cases we were able to see radiological healing. All except two showed union of the fragments and restoration of the joint surface. In view of our results fibrin adhesive can be recommended for the operative management of cartilage injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Split-thickness autogenous skin transplantation in the horse.

Single or multiple split-thickness autogenous skin transplants were applied to 20 limb wounds of 17 horses. The surface area of the wounds ranged from 25 to 200 sq cm. Grafts 0.635-mm thick were collected by use of an electric dermatome and were expanded on a mesh dermatome. The expanded mesh grafts were applied to wounds on 3 horses 4 days after injury. For the other 14 horses, grafts were applied after a granulation tissue bed had formed. The grafts were secured to the recipient beds with sutures and a dressing composed of a foam pad and elastic adhesive tape or with the dressing alone. Further protection was provided by a plaster cast or bulky cotton bandage. Graft acceptance ranged from 50% to 100%, with an average of 88%. Epithelialization was complete within 14 to 21 days in most cases. Grafts with greater than 60% acceptance resulted in a healed wound that was considered cosmetically acceptable.

Animals↗