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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

novel Award First Prize Paper. Orthotic management of plantar pressure and pain in rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of foot orthoses in the management of plantar pressure and pain in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. DESIGN: A repeated measures study in which the independent variable was orthosis design. Dependent variables, including pressure, gait and pain parameters, were examined using analysis of variance and correlation statistics. BACKGROUND: The aim of orthotic management of the rheumatoid foot is to relieve metatarsalgia through the reduction of metatarsal head pressure. Few studies have investigated the relative effectiveness of different orthosis designs. To date, no studies have examined the relationship between plantar pressure and second metatarsal head pain in rheumatoid arthritis subjects. METHODS: Twelve rheumatoid arthritis subjects with foot involvement and second metatarsal head pain were tested. Four styles of foot orthosis (prefabricated, standard custom moulded, custom with metatarsal bar, custom with metatarsal dome) were compared to a shoe only control. An EMED Pedar system was used to measure plantar pressure during repeated trials of comfortable cadence walking and quiet standing. Reports of subjective pain were recorded for each orthosis as were orthosis preferences. RESULTS: All orthoses significantly reduced pressure beneath the first and second metatarsal heads compared to the shoes only control. The custom moulded orthosis with metatarsal dome was the most effective orthosis for reducing subjective ratings of pain. A significant correlation (r=0.562) was found between ratings of pain and average pressure beneath the second metatarsal head. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study suggest that average pressure measurement may be a useful indicator in the management of metatarsalgia in RA. Further study is required to improve understanding of the relationship between rheumatoid foot mechanics and pain. RELEVANCE: Appropriate foot orthosis design can substantially improve comfort in RA patients with symptomatic feet. A custom moulded foot orthosis incorporating a metatarsal dome was the most effective design for subjects with painful second metatarsal heads. Foot pressure measurement technology can be a useful adjunct to research and clinical management of the painful rheumatoid foot.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

novel Award Second Prize Paper. Functional monitoring during rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE: It was hypothesized that testing of ambulatory function and more demanding activities were more appropriate predictors of dynamic knee function before and after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament than conventional measures of functional evaluation. It was assumed that assessment of dynamic plantar pressure distribution would represent a practical tool for guidance of the rehabilitation process after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. DESIGN: In a prospective study, 10 patients with isolated anterior cruciate deficiency were examined before and after replacement of the anterior cruciate (6, 12, 24 weeks) in a standardized technique. BACKGROUND: Today, functional assessment following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction relies on clinical examination supplemented by instrumented testing of knee laxity and on isokinetic evaluation of muscle performance. Gait analysis has not been used as a quantitative measure of rehabilitation progress after surgery. METHODS: All patients were subjected to the same physiotherapy protocol. The clinical results were documented using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) protocol and the degree of knee laxity by an instrumented anterior drawer test. Muscular performance was evaluated by isokinetic testing. Dynamic pedography (EMED-SF 4) was performed to compare the non-injured and the operated leg during level walking and while descending stairs. RESULTS: Gait performance six weeks after surgery tended to be inferior to preoperative and late postoperative values. While the slight increase of maximum knee extensor torque in the operated leg and the improvement of the IKDC score during the rehabilitation period were not statistically significant, a significantly decreased gait asymmetry could be observed 12 weeks after surgery. The descending stairs test revealed functional deficits better than level walking. The latter test exhibited a strong correlation with the preoperative IKDC level and the maximum knee extensor deficit at 60 degrees /s. CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic pedography during level walking and while descending stairs is a valuable tool for monitoring the rehabilitation process after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. RELEVANCE: Due to the better resolution of functional deficits compared with indirect measures of function (isokinetic testing) assessment of the plantar pressure distribution may provide a more individualized adaptation for the rehabilitation program.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

novel Award Third Prize Paper. Assessment of the horizontal,fore-aft component of the ground reaction force from insole pressure patterns by using artificial neural networks.

OBJECTIVE: In this study it was investigated whether an artificial neural network can be used to determine the horizontal, fore-aft component of the ground reaction force from insole pressure patterns. DESIGN: An artificial neural network was applied to map insole pressures and ground reaction forces. METHOD: To train an artificial neural network insole pressure patterns and ground reaction force data were simultaneously determined for a wide range of different speeds (0.9-2.3 m s(-1)) for five subjects. Both intrasubject and intersubject generalizability were evaluated. RESULTS: At the intrasubject level generalizability was good when the speed for which the force was to be predicted was within the range of speeds from which data were used to train the network. Besides in some cases, generalizability to a condition outside the range of training conditions could be demonstrated. At the intersubject level the quality of generalization differed widely over subjects, from poor to good. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that an artificial neural network is able to map the relationship between insole pressure patterns and the fore-aft component of the ground reaction force. RELEVANCE: Good intrasubject generalization of 'knowledge' obtained by an artificial neural network will allow the assessment of the fore-aft component of ground reaction force in condition that cannot be evaluated with force plates, e.g. activities of daily living or real sport situations. Additionally, intersubject generalization will allow shear-force recordings in subjects that are not able to complete a great number of runs to acquire enough force-plate hits.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2000

The development of the index of complexity, outcome and need (ICON).

This paper is based on the winning submission for the 1998 Chapman prize awarded by the British Orthodontic Society for an essay on a subject promoting the interests of orthodontics. The aim of the investigation is to develop a single index for assessing treatment inputs and outcomes. An international panel of 97 orthodontists gave subjective judgements on the need for treatment, treatment complexity, treatment improvement, and acceptability on a diverse sample of 240 initial and 98 treated study models. The occlusal traits in the study models were scored according to a defined numerical protocol. Five highly predictive occlusal traits were identified (IOTN Aesthetic Component, crossbite, upper arch crowding/ spacing, buccal segment antero-posterior relationships, and anterior vertical relationship) and then used to 'predict' the panelist's decisions using regression analysis. Cut-off values were determined for the dichotomous judgements by plotting specificity sensitivity and overall accuracy. Twenty percentile ranges were used to determine 5 grades of complexity and improvement. The index prediction of decisions for treatment need, had specificity 84.4 per cent, sensitivity 85.2 per cent, and overall accuracy 85 per cent. When used to predict treatment outcomes, the new index had specificity 64.8 per cent, sensitivity 70.1 per cent, and overall accuracy 68.1 per cent. The index could explain 75.6 per cent of the variance in the mean casewise complexity score and 63.5 per cent of the mean casewise improvement score. A new orthodontic index is proposed to assess treatment need, complexity, and outcome. It is based on international orthodontic opinion.

Awards and Prizes↗
PubMed2004

The William Houston Medal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh 2002.

The William Houston medal is a prestigious prize awarded to the individual achieving the most outstanding examination performance at the Membership in Orthodontics examination for the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. Five clinical cases treated by the candidate are presented as part of the final examination; two of these cases are described below. The first a Class III malocclusion, and the second a Class II division 1 malocclusion, were both treated by orthodontic camouflage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Announcing the winner of the IJGO prize paper award for 1999. Estrogen replacement therapy in breast cancer survivors

Objective: To determine whether estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) adversely affected outcome of breast cancer survivors. Method: A prospective descriptive study of all breast cancer survivors who requested ERT because of intractable menopausal symptoms. All patients presented voluntarily as gynecological outpatients and were all given oral continuous opposed ERT: 20 premarin and medroxyprogesterone and four tibolone. Results: Twenty-four patients who had previously been treated for breast cancer 8-91 months prior to their initiating ERT have been observed for 24-44 months. There were 15 patients with stage 1, eight with stage 2 and one with stage 4 breast cancer. The mean age of the patients at commencement of ERT was 48 years (range 42-161). Two patients had a biopsy of a suspicious breast nodule: both of which were benign. There have not been any recurrences to date. Conclusion: Breast cancer survivors did not have their outcome adversely affected by ERT during an observation period of 24-44 months.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1992

[Pharmacological Society in Paris and its awards].

The Société de Pharmacie de Paris started in 1804 to award prizes firstly intended for students in pharmacy after competitive examinations, then, from 1807, for anyone devoted to the advancement of pharmaceutical sciences. Since 1861, the Société de Pharmacie, which became Académie de Pharmacie in 1946 and Académie Nationale de Pharmacie in 1979, has payed particular attention to awarding a prize to the best thesis defended each year at the Ecole de Pharmacie de Paris (now Faculté de Pharmacie).

Awards and Prizes↗