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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Renal allograft function and cytomegaly.

A retrospective study in 20 seronegative and 61 seropositive (complement fixation) first cadaver donor graft recipients brought evidence that in cytomegaly, not the infection alone, but curtailment of azathioprine shortly after transplantation (or summation of both) may result in rejection and impaired graft survival. Preliminary data (accumulation of 125I-labelled fibrinogen in two and morphology of the graft in two other patients) showed that depression of graft function in cytomegaly is not necessarily due to rejection.

Azathioprine↗
PubMed1985

The effect of pregnancy on kidney function in renal allograft recipients.

In women with renal transplants glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increases during pregnancy but how soon the increment occurs, its relation to pre-pregnancy GFR, and the overall pattern of change are unknown. Twenty-four hour creatinine clearance (24-hr CCr) were measured prospectively in ten pregnancies in eight allograft recipients before conception, throughout pregnancy, 8 to 12 weeks postpartum, and 4 to 6 monthly thereafter. Inulin (CIn) in creatinine (CCr) clearances during infusion were also determined and protein excretion was evaluated. The results were compared to those in similar studies in ten healthy women. By the tenth gestational week 24-hr CCr was 124 +/- (SD) 15.9 ml/min in healthy women (an increase of 38%; range, 18 to 69%) and in transplant patients was 105 +/- 28.1 ml/min (an increase of 34%: range, 10 to 60%), with the greatest increments in those whose allografts functioned best before conception, regardless of donor source and sex or the transplant-pregnancy interval. In late pregnancy mean 24-hr CCr decreased by 19% (range, 6 to 28%) in healthy women and by 34% (range, 12 to 57%) in the transplant patients, but in most this did not represent graft deterioration nor lead to permanent impairment. At all time points CIn values were 5 to 10% greater than those for 24-hr CCr but slightly less than infusion CCr values. Protein excretion increased throughout pregnancy and by the third trimester in healthy women averaged 200 mg in 24 hr and regularly exceeded 500 mg in 24 hr in transplant patients, which was three times non-pregnant levels and probably not clinically significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Calcium-channel blockers and other factors influencing delayed function in renal allografts.

A retrospective analysis was undertaken to examine the influence of calcium-channel blocking drugs on early renal allograft function. Delayed function was defined as the need for dialysis or a reduction in serum creatinine of less than 15% within 4 days of transplantation. The drug histories of 172 patients were examined. After exclusions, the data from 138 patients were analysed. No patient was taking any calcium-channel blocking drug other than nifedipine. Thirty-one patients were taking nifedipine at the time of transplantation and these had a delayed function rate of 16% compared with 40% for 107 patients not taking nifedipine (chi 2, P less than 0.05). Delayed function occurred in 61% of cases when the donor age was over 50 years compared with 29% with younger donors (chi 2, P less than 0.05). A total ischaemic time of longer than 24 h and administration of inotropic support to the donor were associated with delayed function (chi 2, P less than 0.05). Administration to the donor of mannitol, steroids, phenoxybenzamine and heparin had no effect on the rate of delayed function. Recipients treated with low-dose dopamine in the perioperative period had no advantage. Elevated trough whole blood concentrations of cyclosporin in the first week after transplant were associated with delayed function (Mann-Whitney U, P less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The effect of nifedipine on graft function in renal allograft recipients treated with cyclosporin A.

The effect of the calcium channel antagonist nifedipine on renal allograft function was assessed in two groups of renal transplant recipients at least one year after transplantation. Group 1 comprised 10 patients receiving low-dose prednisolone and cyclosporin A, and Group 2 comprised 9 patients receiving low-dose prednisolone and azathioprine. Before commencing nifedipine, creatinine and sodium clearance rates and the fractional excretion of sodium were similar in both two groups. Lithium clearance rates and the fractional excretion of lithium were, however, significantly lower (p less than 0.01) in Group 1 than in Group 2. The absolute reabsorption of sodium from the distal nephron (p less than 0.01), the absolute reabsorption of water from the distal nephron segment (p less than 0.01) and the fractional reabsorption of sodium from the distal tubule relative to the delivery of sodium from the proximal tubule (p less than 0.05) were also lower in Group 1. After seven days of nifedipine treatment (10 mg/8 h) there was a significant fall in sodium clearance (p less than 0.01) and fractional sodium excretion (p less than 0.05), and an increase in the fractional distal reabsorption of sodium relative to the delivery of sodium from the proximal tubule (p less than 0.01), and the fractional distal reabsorption of water relative to the delivery of water from the proximal tubule (p less than 0.02), in Group 1 but not Group 2. The only alterations observed in Group 2 were an increase in fractional lithium excretion (p less than 0.05), and a significant fall in the absolute proximal tubular reabsorption of iso-osmotic fluids (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗