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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Contamination of lung lymph following standard and modified procedures in sheep.

The sheep lung lymph fistula preparation of Staub et al. is reported to be contaminated by systemic lymph. The published estimates of contamination range from 5% (awake sheep) to 60% (anesthetized sheep). In view of these conflicting estimates, we investigated the pre- and postoperative contaminating sources, morphological and functional consequences of the proposed contamination reducing modifications, and base-line lung lymph flow in awake sheep following standard and modified cannulation procedures. Our morphological observations are not compatible with the higher estimates of contamination (25-60%). Evidence of lymph leakage from cauterized lymphatics was found. The lymphatics that appear after diaphragmatic cautery and partial resection of caudal mediastinal lymph node were found to constitute "new" contaminating sources. The lymph flow data from base-line and increased vascular pressure conditions were consistent with the reported low estimates of contamination (5%). We propose simple modifications of the standard procedure of Staub et al. which may be nearly as effective in reducing contamination by extrapulmonary lymph as the more invasive and/or traumatic modifications.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Thermal cautery after chalazion surgery and its effect on recurrence rates.

BACKGROUND: Chalazion surgery is a common minor surgical procedure used to treat internal chalazia after conservative measures have failed. Complications are infrequent and generally easily managed with minimal problems. In this clinical research study, 100 internal chalazia surgical candidates were randomly divided into two treatment groups. Our initial goal was to ascertain whether cautery impacted the recurrence rates on chalazia in these patients. One group received thermal cautery after surgical incision and drainage. The second group did not receive cautery after incision and drainage. Lack of cautery caused no problems with hemostasis because bleeding resolved without incident after several additional minutes. METHODS: The study was conducted on 100 patients who received 4 weeks of conservative treatment consisting of alternating warm and cold compresses and topical prednisolone acetate/sulfa medication (e.g., blephamide) administered 4 times a day. A transconjunctival incision and drainage was performed, followed by thermal cautery in one-half (N = 50) of the randomized patients. RESULTS: The cauterized group had a 78% no recurrence rate after 6 months and good surgical outcomes. The remaining 22% had a recurrence of chalazia, but with good initial surgical outcome. The noncauterized group (N = 50) showed a 74% no recurrence rate after 6 months and good surgical outcome. The remaining 26% had recurrences with good initial surgical outcomes. A chi-square test indicated that there was no significant statistical difference between the groups (chi2 = 0.219, dF = 1.0, p = 0.640). CONCLUSION: The results of this clinical study suggest that the use of thermal cautery with surgery has no impact on the recurrence rate of internal chalazia. Thus, the use of thermal cautery should be left to the discretion of the eye care practitioner.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The effect of cauterization of the rabbit ovary on adhesion formation.

A new treatment modality that involves laparoscopic electrocautery of the ovary has been described as an alternative to ovarian wedge resection. The authors investigated the effect of multiple cautery of the rabbit ovary on adhesion formation. Twenty animals were studied after being divided into four groups of five animals each. Group 1 animals underwent a control operation that involved opening and closing of the peritoneum only. All other animals underwent cautery of the right ovary, with the left ovary used as a control. Group 2 animals had no intraperitoneal substance instilled. Group 3 animals had 2.5 ml/kg of sterile normal saline instilled intraperitoneally. Group 4 animals had 2.5 ml/kg of 32% dextran 70 instilled intraperitoneally. Two weeks later, adhesions were evaluated with a macroscopic and a microscopic scoring system. Cautery of the ovaries was associated with the formation of a significant amount of adhesions. The mean macroscopic adhesion score for a cauterized ovary was 2.73 +/- 0.38 and for the control ovary was 0.00 +/- 0.00 (P less than 0.01). According to the microscopic scoring system, the adhesion scores were 1.86 +/- 0.16 and 1.20 +/- 0.28, respectively (P less than 0.05). The 32% dextran 70 group had the lowest mean macroscopic adhesion score, but this was not statistically significant.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Immunological characteristics of amniotic epithelium.

We review recent experimental evidence of the immunosuppressive and immunogenic potential of amniotic epithelial cells. Since cryopreserved amniotic membrane (AM) has been used in clinical applications, much research has focused on the beneficial effects of amniotic stromal matrix rather than on the function of viable amniotic cells. However, viable human amniotic epithelial cells (HAECs) have been shown to elicit beneficial effects on secretion of anti-inflammatory factors. Topical application of culture supernatant from HAECs leads to profound suppression of suture-induced neovascularization in cornea and fewer major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in inflamed cornea after thermal cautery. Furthermore, expression of interleukin (IL)-1beta mRNA was suppressed in cauterized cornea. These results suggest that HAECs are a source of soluble anti-inflammatory factors that suppress corneal inflammation. However, viable amniotic epithelial cells display antigenicity and immunogenicity as allografts. Fresh allogeneic amniotic epithelium (AE) expresses MHC class I antigens and sensitizes recipients when placed in the eye, although long-term memory of allo-specific delayed hypersensitivity (DH) was not acquired. Allogeneic AE was clearly vulnerable to acute immune rejection in specifically sensitized recipients and recipients of repeated AE transplantation. We therefore suggest that immunogenicity of AE should not be ignored, and use of AM from different donor placentas should be emphasized when repeated AM transplantation is required in patients clinically.

Amnion↗