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Results for “CORNEAL OPACITY”

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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Opacification test by using the pig isolated cornea and its application to a test of corneal opacity induced by befunolol hydrochloride.

Corneas isolated from the pig eyeball have been treated in vitro with varying concentrations of befunolol hydrochloride, in order to test the topical effect of befunolol on the cornea in terms of opacity. Experiments were carried out with the corneas treated as follows: intact, epithelium-removed, endothelium-removed, and both epithelium- and endothelium-removed. Solutions of the drug were applied to both epithelial and endothelial surfaces, to the epithelial surface only, or to the endothelial surface only. When the drug was applied either to both surfaces or to the endothelial surface only, there was a significant increase in opacity. However, when applied to the epithelial surface only, befunolol caused an insignificant increase in opacity as compared with that of control. It is suggested, therefore, that corneal opacity due to befunolol hydrochloride topically administered to the eye, is concerned mainly with the epithelium in cornea, since the drug is uncapable of passing barrier probably existing in surface layer of epithelium but it easily penetrates in corneal layers from endothelial side to attain reversely to epithelial cells. Thus, it is probable that the risk to induce opacity is minor in case that befunolol is topically given in drops to the eye.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed2001

A new variant neuropathic type of Gaucher's disease characterized by hydrocephalus, corneal opacities, deformed toes, and fibrous thickening of spleen and liver capsules.

We report a new variant type of Gaucher's disease characterized by hydrocephalus, corneal opacities, deformed toes, gastroesophageal reflux, and fibrous thickening of splenic and hepatic capsules. This patient had 1 D409H allele. He differed from other reported cases with a 1342G to C (D409H) homozygous mutation (onset at 4 months, no cardiac involvement until the age of 12 years, and massive hepatosplenomegaly with fibrous thickening of spleen and liver capsules). Enzyme replacement therapy was given for 4 years, resulting in an improvement of visceral and hematologic abnormalities but no neurologic improvement.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1985

Congenital corneal opacity (Peters' anomaly) combined with buphthalmos and aniridia.

A case history of a newborn infant is discussed. At birth he showed bilateral buphthalmos with aniridia and congenital corneal opacities, agreeing with Peters' anomaly. A keratoplasty was performed. The dysgenesis mesenchymalis classification is mentioned briefly. High resolution banding technique of chromosomes revealed no abnormality.

Cornea↗
PubMed2005

Performance of porcine corneal opacity and permeability assay to predict eye irritation for water-soluble cosmetic ingredients.

The purpose of this paper is to report on the ability of an in-house porcine corneal opacity and permeability assay (PCOP) to predict eye irritation for cosmetic ingredients. Preliminary studies showed that the PCOP assay could accurately predict eye irritation class for liquid and water soluble materials. To broaden our experience a larger study on 50 cosmetic ingredients of this group was conducted. A prediction model (PM) was obtained based on only one endpoint-permeability measured after 30-min exposure O.D.30. This PM allows to distinguish nonirritating compounds (if O.D.30 < 0.35) from irritating (if O.D.30 > or = 0.35). Forty-nine of the 50 ingredients tested in the PCOP assay were accurately classified. The agreement was high (concordance 98%-kappa = 0.96). For 43 of the test substances an equation PM was obtained to predict the MAS. Despite satisfactory statistical coefficients this algorithm is not recommended due to wide 95% confidence intervals. These results confirm the usefulness of the PCOP for water-soluble cosmetic ingredients to discriminate nonirritants (MAS < or = 15) and irritants (MAS >15). For this type of ingredients the PCOP seems to be better than the BCOP to predict irritation class. Future work will be done to compare the BCOP and PCOP performances and to develop an appropriate protocol for water insoluble compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Prediction of eye irritation potential of surfactant-based rinse-off personal care formulations by the bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) assay.

Evaluation of eye irritation potential is a routine part of product safety testing. Many companies have elected to use in vitro methods for this evaluation. We used the bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) assay for the prediction of the eye irritation potential of surfactant-based rinse-off personal care formulations in this study because of its positive performance in previous studies (1), and its potential to measure depth of injury through histological evaluation. The BCOP uses isolated corneas maintained in short-term organ culture and measures changes in opacity and epithelial barrier integrity (as determined by fluorescein passage through the cornea). Surfactants (anionic and nonionic) used in personal care formulations induce only small increases in direct opacity but the degree of epithelial damage is reflected in permeability measurement (OD490). The permeability measurement is the primary endpoint for this class of products. Marketed liquid hand soap was selected as the benchmark due to extensive in vivo and market history data. Using the liquid hand soap, a 25% v/v aqueous dilution with a 30-minute exposure produced the optimal resolution. A series of products with known in vivo eye irritation scores were evaluated to establish a prediction model. Histological evaluation was used to compare the degree of tissue damage to the permeability scores. Based on the permeability scores and histological review, the testing protocol for a surfactant-based rinse-off personal care formulation was developed using a 25% v/v aqueous dilution, a 30-minute exposure, concurrent testing of the benchmark control, and use of permeability measurements as the endpoint for the evaluation of eye irritation potential.

Animal Testing Alternatives↗
PubMed1992

Hydrocephalus, corneal opacities, deafness, valvular heart disease, deformed toes and leptomeningeal fibrous thickening in adult siblings: a new syndrome associated with beta-glucocerebrosidase deficiency and a mosaic population of storage cells.

We describe three adult siblings with communicating hydrocephalus, corneal opacities, deafness, valvular heart disease, and deformed toes associated with glucosylceramide (glc-cer)-beta-glucosidase deficiency. The common manifestations of Gaucher disease were not evident. Supranuclear gaze palsies characteristic of type 3 were noted from early childhood, although the major signs were undeveloped until early adult life. Autopsy disclosed thickened leptomeninges with perivascular fibrosis, non-rheumatic calcified aortic and mitral stenosis with marked fibrosis, and mild infiltration of Gaucher cells in the reticuloendothelial organs. In contrast to the slight accumulation of glc-cer in the liver and spleen, the activity of glc-cer-beta-glucosidase was markedly decreased in the tissues, as much as in a patient with type 2 Gaucher disease. Common mutations were not found in the glucocerebrosidase gene.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cleft lip and palate, corneal opacities and profound psychomotor retardation. A newly recognized genetic syndrome?

Clinical histories and physical features of two sisters affected with a previously unreported syndrome are presented with illustrations. The manifestations were profound postnatal growth and psychomotor retardation, hydrocephaly, cleft lip and palate, corneal opacities, central nervous system impairment, and genitourinary anomalies. Four other siblings, two males and two females and the parents of the affected were examined and found to be normal. Infectious, metabolic, and chromosomal etiologies were excluded by appropriate studies. The most likely pattern of inheritance is autosomal recessive.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗