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PubMed1988

[Online retrieval of patient information by asynchronous communication between a general purpose computer and a stand-alone personal computer].

Asynchronous communication was made between host (FACOM M-340) and personal computer (OLIBETTIE S-2250) to get patient's information required for RIA test registration. The retrieval system consists of a keyboard input of six numeric codes, patient's ID, and a real time reply containing six parameters for the patient. Their identified parameters are patient's name, sex, date of birth (include area), department, and out- or inpatient. Linking this program to RIA registration program for individual patient, then, operator can input name of RIA test requested. Our simple retrieval program made a useful data network between different types of host and stand-alone personal computers, and enabled us accurate and labor-saving registration for RIA test.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1988

A local network for sharing resources and technical support: BACS/PHILNET.

Within the framework of large regional and national networks, local libraries can benefit by working together. We report the establishment of an online health sciences library network to share resources and technical support in the greater St. Louis area. BACS/PHILNET has evolved beyond a local automated interlibrary loan network to pilot off-site integrated library and information management systems in hospitals.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

Initial experience with asynchronous transfer mode for use in a medical imaging network.

Picture archiving and communication Systems (PACS) for medical imaging have always suffered from band-width limitations, throughput, and proprietary protocols. Commercially available local area networks have been hard pressed to meet the requirements of image transfer in a time consistent with patient-care needs. Recent technologic advances provide potential solutions to these constraints. Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) provides the aggregate bandwidth and throughput that may be sufficient to satisfy the medical imaging community. Networks using prototype ATM technology have been available and commercial hardware is now becoming available. This report presents initial performance results of an ATM network and its suitability for use in a digital imaging network. Throughput of 10 Mbytes/sec was attained with Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol using commercially available hardware.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A European and global strategy for a nursing information network.

Information at every nurse researcher's fingertips. That is the goal of an information system for nursing services in Europe. Not only would it be able to provide fast information for analyzing and developing nursing but it also aspires to end the costly duplication of research work regionally and worldwide. Below, a report on how a European network can be developed to become a potential hub for a global nursing system.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1990

A cost analysis of film image management and four PACS based on different network protocols.

Picture Archive and Communication Systems (PACS), which allow the electronic acquisition, storage, transportation, and viewing of medical images, hold the eventual promise of reduced costs, improved image-management logistics, and ultimately, improved patient care. But at what point in the future will PACS really cost less than film-based image management for a given hospital size; and how are these costs affected by the choice of the digital communication network? To address these questions, a static differential cost model has been constructed. PAC systems based on two high-speed networks (less than 150 megabytes per second Mbps) and two low-speed networks, as well as film, were considered for five different sized hospitals (ranging from 15,000 to 125,000 procedures per year) and two time periods (1995 and 2000). PACS equipment was assumed to have a payoff of five years. The model considered all capital and supply costs and personnel costs for the PACS and for film storage and retrieval. It did not consider any possible cost savings from logistics improvement likely to result from the adoption of a PACS. Based on the assumptions outlined, high-speed-network PACS are less costly than those based on low-speed networks for all scenarios considered. Further, even though all possible PACS cost savings were not considered, high-speed network PACS appear to be less costly than film for hospitals larger than 60,000 procedures in 1995 and larger than 15,000 in 2000, while low-speed-network PACS should cost less than film for 60,000 and 30,000 procedure hospitals in 1995 and 2000 respectively.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1994

Neurolink: a neurosurgical wide-area computer network.

A computerized system capable of transmitting digitally formatted images of the central nervous system has been used to develop a neurosurgical wide-area network in western Pennsylvania. This system links remote or primary care hospitals with a large, tertiary-care, Level 1 trauma center for the constant availability of neurosurgical evaluation by receiving and interpreting computed tomography and magnetic resonance images sent via ordinary public telephone lines. This network has been used in over 20 cases to receive and interpret transmitted cranial computed tomographic images consisting of subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hematoma, cerebral neoplasm, cerebral abscess, cerebrovascular accident, and normal studies. There has been no known instance of false-positive or false-negative interpretation or of a patient being adversely managed by this method. On the contrary, it appears that patient management has been positively affected through the ability of the neurosurgical evaluation to include a review of the radiological studies. The initial experience has led to the conclusion that this network is an effective, accurate, and cost-effective means of delivering neurosurgical care to underserved areas.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1994

[Cost effectiveness and patient benefit of digital image management systems for radiology].

In many countries today, politicians are faced with the difficulty of having to reduce the overproportional increase in the cost of healthcare. In this context the contribution of medical technology to costs in the total spent are nearly always overestimated and its potential for savings underestimated. Based on international studies, investment and subsequent running costs for large, high-tech systems for diagnosis and therapy will be shown to account for only about 1% of the total cost of healthcare. Impressive examples of the application of computed tomography, magnetic resonance tomography and digital angiography deliver statistics regarding valid patient benefits and efficiency of modern diagnostic imaging systems. Studies about related therapeutic possibilities of angioplasty and extra-corporal lithotripsy demonstrate the overall economic advantages of modern medical technology. Arising from the positive results due to the use of such equipment, the additional cost savings potential to be expected by networking these digital modalities with one another, as well as with other information and communications technology systems, will be analysed. The results will be assessed and compared to experience gained from routine clinical operation of such integrated systems. 72% of the total turnover of the Medical Engineering Group of Siemens AG for diagnostic imaging modalities in 1991/1992 arose from digital imaging modalities, and this percentage is expected to continue to increase. This paper will concentrate on these modern digital methods.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1991

Molecular dynamics simulation on a network of workstations using a machine-independent parallel programming language.

Molecular dynamics simulations investigate local and global motion in molecules. Several parallel computing approaches have been taken to attack the most computationally expensive phase of molecular simulations, the evaluation of long range interactions. This paper develops a straightforward but effective algorithm for molecular dynamics simulations using the machine-independent parallel programming language, Linda. The algorithm was run both on a shared memory parallel computer and on a network of high performance Unix workstations. Performance benchmarks were performed on both systems using two proteins. This algorithm offers a portable cost-effective alternative for molecular dynamics simulations. In view of the increasing numbers of networked workstations, this approach could help make molecular dynamics simulations more easily accessible to the research community.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1994

A high-speed network for cardiac image review.

A high-speed fiber-based network for the transmission and display of digitized full-motion cardiac images has been developed. Based on Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), the network is scaleable, meaning that the same software and hardware is used for a small local area network or for a large multi-institutional network. The system can handle uncompressed digital angiographic images, considered to be at the "high-end" of the bandwidth requirements. Along with the networking, a general-purpose multi-modality review station has been implemented without specialized hardware. This station can store a full injection sequence in "loop RAM" in a 512 x 512 format, then interpolate to 1024 x 1024 while displaying at 30 frames per second. The network and review stations connect to a central file server that uses a virtual file system to make a large high-speed RAID storage disk and associated off-line storage tapes and cartridges all appear as a single large file system to the software. In addition to supporting archival storage and review, the system can also digitize live video using high-speed Direct Memory Access (DMA) from the frame grabber to present uncompressed data to the network. Fully functional prototypes have provided the proof of concept, with full deployment in the institution planned as the next stage.

Cardiology↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term experience with a PACS subsystem].

Our experiences with a PACS-Subsystem have shown, that it would be more usefull and less expensive, first to install digital archiving systems in single areas. After a certain time of errorfree working the subsstems should be integrated into a superior information system. Fast data networks and userfriendly viewing stations are a basic requirement. Common standards of archiving, independent of the manufacturer, should be considered.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed1986

Overview of an architectural approach to the development of the Johns Hopkins Hospital distributed clinical information system.

The Johns Hopkins Hospital has initiated an ambitious program to apply modern technologies to the development of a new, comprehensive clinical information system. Since many components of a system exist and since the JHH management is decentralized, a distributed, networked system is being built. To properly accomplish this task an architectural basis for strategic systems planning was developed. This paper reviews briefly the layered architectural approach.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

[Digital picture archiving, processing and communication in diagnostic imaging with a Siemens Network (SIENET): initial results].

The concept of Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) in digital imaging offers substantial advantages: better data security, faster access to archived images, simultaneous availability of images at different sites, minimal space demand for archive medium, retrospective image post-processing opportunities and lower costs resulting from reduced film consumption and length of stay. However, practical experiences concerning reliability and efficiency of real PAC networks in radiological departments have to be made yet in order to improve network structure, software design and hardware performance. The ongoing stepwise installation and test of a Siemens PACS (SIENET) at the Department of Radiology at the Medical University of Lübeck will support the introduction of PACS concept into radiological practice.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1992

Molecular dynamics simulation on a network of workstations using a machine-independent parallel programming language.

Molecular dynamics simulations investigate local and global motion in molecules. Several parallel computing approaches have been taken to attack the most computationally expensive phase of molecular simulations, the evaluation of long range interactions. This paper reviews these approaches and develops a straightforward but effective algorithm using the machine-independent parallel programming language, Linda. The algorithm was run both on a shared memory parallel computer and on a network of high performance Unix workstations. Performance benchmarks were performed on both systems using two proteins. This algorithm offers a portable cost-effective alternative for molecular dynamics simulations. In view of the increasing numbers of networked workstations, this approach could help make molecular dynamics simulations more easily accessible to the research community.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1994

SHINE: Strategic Health Informatics Networks for Europe.

The mission of SHINE is to construct an open systems framework for the development of regional community healthcare telematic services that support and add to the strategic business objectives of European healthcare providers and purchasers. This framework will contain a Methodology, that identifies healthcare business processes and develops a supporting IT strategy, and the Open Health Environment. This consists of an architecture and information standards that are 'open' and will be available to any organisation wishing to construct SHINE conform regional healthcare telematic services. Results are: generic models, e.g., regional healthcare business networks, IT strategies; demonstrable, e.g., pilot demonstrators, application and service prototypes; reports, e.g., SHINE Methodology, pilot specifications & evaluations; proposals, e.g., service/interface specifications, standards conformance.

Community Health Planning↗
PubMed1989

A multimedia medical communication link between a radiology department and an emergency department.

The most critical aspect of a radiologist's work is communicating his findings to the attending physician responsible for the patient's care. This is also the part of the process that is least well organized and the most subject to failure. At the University of Ottawa Medical Communications Research Centre we are investigating technical means to improving communications between radiologists and attending physicians. We first introduce the radiology communication service problem and show why it is essentially a multimedia communication problem. We then briefly describe a multimedia communication system designed and implemented by our research team. The multimedia system consists of several work stations linked by the Hospital's local area network (LAN). Each physician work station comprises a Compaq 386/20-Mhz microcomputer with 16 Mbytes of RAM, a 500-Mbyte image disk, and an image memory that drives a 1,000-line monochrome monitor. The images are digitized using a Konica laser-based film digitizer (2430 by 2000 10-bit pixels for a standard chest radiograph). The multimedia file server manager station is built around a PC-AT compatible with a Northern Telecom Meridian SL-1ST digital PBX and a Meridian Mail digital voice messaging system. This last device is used to store voice data and is linked via the PBX to the workstations' digital telephones. A Sytek 6,000 LAN links all work stations to the file server. All data, image, and graphic information is transmitted via this network, while the twisted pair connections linking the digital PBX to the telephone sets are used for transmitting voice data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Implementation of a province-wide computerized network in Quebec: the FAMUS Project.

General practitioners have busy schedules and are accustomed to working autonomously. But they will take an interest in research issues that could increase their efficiency or improve patient care. The use of medical informatics tools to facilitate collaborative research networks requires that participants accept the tools. This article describes the implementation of a province-wide computing network and discusses the opportunities afforded by the creation of a large central database documenting the process of care.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed1987

Neuronet: implementation of an integrated clinical neurophysiology system.

A distributed computing facility that subserves a wide variety of clinical and research neurophysiology functions is described. The backbone of the system is an Ethernet local area network to which are attached a number of "sub"-networks defined by functional requirements. A variety of computer systems are attached to the network, many of which are mounted in portable racks. The capabilities of the overall system are described along with the functions it serves.

Computer Communication Networks↗