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Results for “Condylar position”

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PubMed1983

Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: an assessment of condylar position in centric occlusion.

Subjects experiencing painful dysfunction of the TMJ and diagnosed by arthrography to have displacements of the meniscus were compared to normal or asymptomatic subjects to assess condyle-fossa relationships. The groups did not differ by linear or area determinations of the P/A ratio. The use of plain film alone is not adequate for diagnosis or assessment of treatment if abnormalities of meniscus function are the primary etiology.

Dental Occlusion, Centric↗
PubMed1989

Condylar position as a predictor of temporomandibular joint internal derangement.

Scout tomograms and arthrograms of 243 patients were separated and numbered. The location of the condyle within the fossa in the closed-mouth position was assessed by means of three evaluation techniques. Later, the arthrograms were interpreted and matched with the corresponding tomograms to evaluate the relationship between posterior displacement of the condyle and anterior displacement of the articular disk. The position of the disk within the fossa was found to be extremely variable whether disk position was normal or abnormal.

Arthrography↗
PubMed2004

The effect of clenching on condylar position: A vector analysis model.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: Clinicians often disagree about the acceptable position of the condyle in the articular fossa. Agreement as to what position the condyle-disk assembly assumes on the articular eminence while subjected to the forces of the elevator muscles of the mandible is important. PURPOSE: This simulation study investigated the position of the condyle-disk assembly on the articular eminence while subjected to the forces of the elevator muscles of the mandible during clenching. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using the 2 conditions of static equilibrium, a vector analysis of a 2-dimensional model of the temporomandibular joint was developed. The dynamics of the condyle-disk assembly during muscle loading were analyzed. The vector sum of the masticatory muscle forces was determined by assuming that the maximum force developed by each contributing muscle was proportional with the physiologic cross section of the muscle. The effect of the resultant force vector of the combined muscle action applied to the condyle was analyzed for the orthogonal and acute angle situations. RESULTS: When the vector sum was orthogonal on the eminence, the condyle was in stable equilibrium. The stable equilibrium was found in the anterior-superior position in the fossa. When the vector sum was at an acute angle to the eminence, the condyle was subject to a translation force that displaced it into the anterior-superior equilibrium position. CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this study, vector analysis suggested that the anterior-superior position of the condyle-disk assembly on the eminence was the most stable equilibrium position. All other tested positions of the condyle were less stable and maintained at the expense of other structures.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1987

Condylar position following ramus osteotomy and functional osteosynthesis. A clinical function-analytic and computer tomographic study.

Opponents of the application of a stable fixation of the fragments with compression screws in osteotomies of the mandibular ramus quite often claim that there is the possibility of a postoperative dislocation of the proximal fragment with consequent functional disturbances of the temporo-mandibular joint. For determination of the frequency and the extent of such possible displacements of the condyle, a total of 174 patients, in whom ramus osteotomies were performed, were clinically examined. In 9 of them, a functional analysis and in 10 other patients, a CT scan investigation of the position of the TM joint, was carried out. Only in 1 case could a considerable dislocation of the proximal fragment be observed, which was due to a strong unilateral deviation of the ascending ramus. For correction of the functional disturbance the bone screws had to be removed in this particular case. In those cases where a functional analysis and CT study were undertaken, only slight changes of the pre- and post-operative position of the condyles were observed: it did not lead to clinical disturbances and complaints.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed1997

Postoperative stability after sagittal split ramus osteotomy with condylar-positioning appliance and screw fixation: asymmetric versus symmetric cases.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate postoperative stability in prognathic patients with mandibular asymmetry who were treated with sagittal split ramus osteotomy of the mandible. STUDY DESIGN: Ten asymmetric (group I) and 11 symmetric (group II) patients were examined. An appliance for repositioning the proximal segment was applied, and the bony segments were fixed with titanium screws. Cephalograms were obtained preoperatively, 2 to 3 days postoperatively, and 3 and 6 months after surgery. Changes in the positions of the standard points were examined on lateral cephalograms, and changes in the widths of the gonion points were examined on posteroanterior cephalograms. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference between the two groups. In addition, there was no significant difference between the postoperative changes in the widths of the gonion points on the deviated and nondeviated sides in group I. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that application of an appliance for repositioning the proximal segment can minimize postoperative skeletal changes in patients with asymmetry.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Changes in occlusion and condylar positioning during retention with a gnathologic positioner.

To investigate whether orthodontic cases can fulfil gnathologic requirement, models of 10 adolescent patients (of the Department of Orthodontics at the University Dental Clinic, Graz) were mounted in an articulator at band removal and 2, 4 and 12 weeks and one year later. During this year the patients wore a gnathologic positioner. Using a condymeter, discrepancies between RCP and ICP in three spatial planes were measured and the spatial diagonal computed. Statistical analysis showed a clear reduction of the means of slide in centric during continuous wearing of the positioner, after 3 months, RCP and ICP being almost identical. After a further 7 months, during which the positioner was worn only at night, the amount of slide increased again slightly. The increase of the spatial diagonal was due to an increase of the sagittal and vertical slides whereas the lateral slide remained constant.

Adolescent↗