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PubMed1997

[Comparative evaluation of the frequency of congenital defects in newborns from the provinces of Walbrzych, Piotrkow Trybunalski and Suwalki].

The aim of the study was the assessment of congenital defect frequency in 11,869 neonates born between December 1994 and July 1995 in three provinces of Poland: Wałbrzych, Piotrków Trybunalski and Suwałki. The percentage of neonates with congenital defects ranged from 1.9% in a typically industrial area (Wałbrzych) to 1.2% in a mainly rural area (Suwałki), and 1.1% in a rather industrial area (Piotrków Trybunalski). The majority of single defects consisted of anomalies of limbs and musculoskeletal deformities. Smoking habits and professional activities of mothers did not exert a clear influence on the frequency of birth defects. Only among newborns from the province of Piotrków Trybunalski who were born by young mothers (< 20 years of age) we observed a higher frequency of congenital defects in comparison with older mothers of 20-34 years old group.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Follow-up study on prevalence rate of congenital defects in children at birth and age of two years].

To obtain prevalence rate of congenital defects during age of two years 16107 children were followed. Our data demonstrate that the prevalence rate of over all congenital defects at birth increased about 69% compared with at age of two years. The reason for prevalence rate increasing with age was that many children with internal organ defects were not diagnosed until three months or later. Prevalence rate of congenital heart disease at birth was approximately one-fifth of that at age of two years. For gastrointestinal and abdominal wall defects, the prevalence rate increased about 1.5 fold. This two sorts of defects above-mentioned were number eight and number five among over all defects at birth respectively. Three months after birth they became number one and number two.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2002

[Surgery of congenital defects--present trends].

The objective of the present work is a review of contemporary therapeutic possibilities of neonates with serious developmental defects. Neonatal surgery of congenital developmental defects was in recent decades favourably influenced by the development of neonatology and prenatal diagnosis. Nowadays prenatally diagnosed congenital anomaly is not a primary indication for termination of pregnancy but for comprehensive examination and consultation in a specialized centre. The definite decision regarding continuation of pregnancy or its termination is up to fully informed parents. In the majority neonatal surgery is not surgery of urgent operations, adequately stabilized neonates are operated while ensuring comprehensive extrasurgical care. The prognosis as regards survival and quality of life is favourable for the majority of isolated congenital defects. During the period 1994-2001 at the authors' departments a 73% survival of neonates with an isolated diaphragmatic hernia was recorded, 87% with omphalocele, 93% with gastroschisis, 90% with oesophageal atresia, 97% with anorectal atresia and 100% with intestinal atresia. With declining mortality, in the foreground of interest are problems of early definitive correction of long-term results and quality of life. With regard to the low incidence of different congenital anomalies and the contemporary birth rate in the Czech Republic its is justified to concentrate selected defects in centres which are able to provide comprehensive prenatal and early postnatal treatment.

Digestive System Abnormalities↗

PubMed1998

Environmental pollution and the occurrence of congenital defects in a 15-year period in a south Moravian district.

We have made a simple 15-year retrospective epidemiological study of a part of South Moravia, district Breclav, on the basis of genetic documentation of 245 congenital defects and 28 spontaneous abortions. The whole area was worked up by computer-geographical methods, and the occurrence of congenital defects was compared both in areas of severe chronic air pollution and in less contamined areas. There were three municipal areas, Mikulov, Breclav-Postorná, Velké Bilovice and their surroundings, in which an increased number of congenital defects was recorded. In the municipal area of Breclav-Postorná there was also a greater occurrence of organic solvents and phosphoric acid and a significantly higher occurrence of spontaneous abortions and at the same time a higher occurrence of heart defects.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMed2002

[Incidence of congenital defects in selected areas and countries 1998-1998].

OBJECTIVE: Presentation of the incidence of selected types of birth defects in registers of birth defects abroad and in comparison with data from the Czech Republic in 1988-1998. DESIGN: Retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of birth defects. SETTING: Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague. METHODS: Analysis of the incidence of 15 types of selected birth defects in liveborn and stillborn infants in 1988-1998 according to published data and publications of the International Clearing-house for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems (ICBDMS) and European Registration of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT). Comparison of the incidence of 15 selected types of congenital defects from 24 registers worldwide incl. the Czech Republic. RESULTS: In the resultant incidences of selected types of congenital defects during the presented period participate geographical and ethnic differences as well as a series of other factors, in particular primary and secondary prevention of birth defects. The influence of other biosocial factors is assumed. CONCLUSION: Long-term well functioning registration of birth defects is an essential prerequisite not only for national analyses but also for possible more detailed collaboration and analyses on an international scale.

Congenital Abnormalities↗

PubMed1967