SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “DERMATOSES”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevention of formaldehyde-induced occupational dermatoses in health care personnel].

Prevention of Occupational Dermatoses due to Formaldehyde in Employees of the Public Health System Occupational dermatoses lead all occupational diseases in employees of the Public Health and Social System in the district of Schwerin from 1977 to 1985. Disinfectants with formaldehyde which mainly produced allergic dermatoses were the main reasons. By substitution of formaldehyde as disinfectant and the accomplishing of contact-free technologies for cleaning purposes, occupational skin diseases in employees of the Public Health and Social System could obviously be reduced.

Dermatitis, Contact↗

PubMed1997

[Use of skin protective agents by patients with occupational dermatoses: need for improved preventive behavior].

QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY: In high-risk workplaces, primary and secondary measures to prevent occupational dermatoses are necessary. Therefore, protective creams as useful tools in prevention have to be applied adequate. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether a protective cream is adequately applied to the hands by patients with occupational dermatoses after self-application, and to quantify what areas are covered or missed. METHODS: 50 patients of the Department of Dermatology of the University Hospital, Zurich, suffering from job-related skin diseases were recruited for a questionnaire and self-application of a cream as they would typically apply it. The cream contained 1% vitamin A acetate in order to fluoresce bright yellow when irradiated with Wood's light. RESULTS: 84% believed that their symptoms were occupationally-related. However, only 44% were occasional or regular users of protective creams and only 36% had previously been informed about skin protection at the workplace. Self-application of a fluorescent preparation resulted in many areas shown as skipped when viewed under Wood's lamp. Only 60% applied the test preparation sufficiently and the application was incomplete, especially in the dorsal aspects of the hands. CONCLUSIONS: Our results underline the necessity of educational efforts in the prevention of occupational dermatoses and present an effective approach to teaching patients the proper use of protective creams.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗

PubMed1999

Sweet's syndrome and erythema nodosum: the simultaneous occurrence of 2 reactive dermatoses.

BACKGROUND: The simultaneous occurrence of Sweet's syndrome (SS) and erythema nodosum (EN) in 1 patient is rare. Our review of the literature revealed only 11 biopsy-proved cases in which the 2 reactive dermatoses occurred together. None were associated with an underlying malignant neoplasm. OBSERVATIONS: We report a biopsy-proved case of SS and EN occurring simultaneously in a patient with an underlying malignant neoplasm (specifically, acute myelogenous leukemia). We also report another biopsy-proved case of SS and EN occurring simultaneously in a patient with underlying Crohn's disease. CONCLUSIONS: The simultaneous occurrence of SS and EN in 1 patient is rarely reported. Both disorders are reactive dermatoses that share many overlapping features. Although individually distinctive, SS and EN are also part of a growing continuum of reactive dermatoses. Our expanded understanding of the similarities and simultaneous manifestation of SS and EN may help us in the future to identify a common underlying mechanism of pathogenesis.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative efficacy of halcinonide and fluocinonide creams in psoriasis and eszematous dermatoses.

The clinical efficacy of halcinonide and fluocinonide creams was compared in the treatment of 392 patients with corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses, including psoriasis, and various eczematous dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis, eczematous dermatitis, and neurodermatitis. The severity of the condition treated was moderate or severe in most of the patients. Usually, the creams were applied three times daily for two to three weeks. In psoriasis, halcinonide was superior to fluocinonide (P less than 0.05). There was no significant difference between halcinonide and fluocinonide in the treatment of the eczematous dermatoses. Both creams were well tolerated, each being associated with local side effects (such as burning sensation, dryness, erythema, and pruritus) in 4.9 per cent of patients.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1989

Calgranulin expression in inflammatory dermatoses.

We have used monoclonal antibodies to study the expression of calgranulins by keratinocytes in inflammatory dermatoses. Calgranulins are intracellular calcium binding proteins which have inflammatory cytokine activity and are composed of at least two different chains, calgranulin A and B. Antibody CF 145 and CF 557 identify calgranulin A and B, respectively. MAC 387 recognizes a molecule probably containing both calgranulins. Keratinocytes in normal skin did not contain these molecules. The keratinocytes in 52 cases of different inflammatory dermatoses showed expression of both calgranulin chains in lesional but not in non-lesional skin. Keratinocytes in inflammatory dermatoses therefore express an intracellular calcium binding protein which has cytokine activity.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed2001

Proliferative activity of CD8(+) T cells as an important clue to analyze T cell-mediated inflammatory dermatoses.

To elucidate the pathogenesis of T cell-mediated inflammatory skin diseases, we examined the exact sites where CD8(+) T cells proliferate, correlating them with the localization of antigen-presenting dendritic cells. We performed CD8/Ki-67 double immunohistochemical staining and single staining for CD1a, CD68, and factor XIIIa on sections of paraffin-embedded tissue samples of inflammatory dermatoses in which T lymphocytes are thought to play a crucial role. The dermatoses were lichen planus (12 samples), acute graft-versus host disease (GVHD) (12 samples), chronic GVHD (10 samples), spongiotic dermatitis (8 samples) and psoriasis (7 samples). Labelling for Ki-67 among CD8(+) T cells was predominantly observed in the subepidermal lymphoid infiltrate, and was scanty in the epidermis. This suggested that proliferation of CD8(+) T cells occurred preferentially in the dermis. The labelling index for Ki-67 among dermal and epidermal CD8(+) cells was quite different among the different diseases studied (P < 0.05). They were rich in the subepidermal portion of the dermis of spongiotic dermatitis, acute GVHD and chronic GVHD, but rare in the dermis of psoriasis and lichen planus. A moderate infiltrate was also observed in lesional epidermis of spongiotic dermatitis, acute GVHD and chronic GVHD, whereas they was almost none in the epidermis of psoriasis and lichen planus. CD1a(+) dermal dendritic cells were densely distributed within the lymphoid infiltrate in the affected dermis of spongiotic dermatitis, psoriasis and lichen planus, whereas they were minimal in GVHD. These dermal dendritic cells are candidates as stimulators on T cells in the dermis. In conclusion, the proliferative status of T cells could be an important clue in the elucidation of the pathophysiology of T cell-mediated inflammatory dermatoses.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1976

Arthritis with an inflammatory dermatosis resembling Sweet's syndrome. Report of a unique case and review of the literature on arthritis associated with the inflammatory dermatoses.

A patient with a unique case of chronic episodic arthritis coincident with flares of acneform, pustular, nodular and ulcerating skin lesions was observed over a five-year period. This patient and a review of the literature on arthritis associated with the inflammatory dermatoses provide evidence which may interrelate several of these nosologically confusing skin conditions, e.g., the family of leukocytoclastic angiitides with the newly posited acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis of Sweet. Systemic manifestations and a variety of acneform, pustular, nodular and ulcerating cutaneous lesions in the inflammatory dermatoses are best explained by small vessel involvement, with individual syndromes being determined by the type and degree of vascular change. Perivascular neutrophilic infiltration is the unifying histologic feature of these small vessel diseases. Neutrophil infiltration differentiates these entities, and our patient, from the histologically nonspecific inflammations of the skin, e.g., Behcet's disease and pyoderma gangrenosum, which, although capable of causing identically appearing skin lesions, consist predominantly of lymphocytic dermal infiltrates even in the earlier stages. It appears important to recognized these morphologically varied acute inflammatory dermatoses with perivascular neutrophilic infiltration in view of their systemic features and the dramatic efficacy of corticosteroid therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Cyclosporine in nonpsoriatic dermatoses.

This article reviews the indications, efficacy, and possible mechanisms of action of cyclosporine in the treatment of nonpsoriatic dermatoses. These dermatoses can be categorized according to their responsiveness to cyclosporine therapy as excellent, moderate, variable, and nonresponsive. The advantages and disadvantages of cyclosporine are discussed and guidelines are proposed for its use in nonpsoriatic dermatoses.

Cyclosporins↗

PubMed1993

Histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings associated with inflammatory dermatoses in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 disease and their correlation with Walter Reed stage. Military Medical Consortium for Applied Retroviral Research.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous lesions are common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. In many cases they are nonspecific inflammatory dermatoses. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to determine whether features of these inflammatory dermatoses were characteristic of HIV-1 infection and whether the changes correlated with the stage of disease. METHODS: Biopsy specimens of inflammatory dermatoses from 176 HIV-1-infected patients in all Walter Reed stages were reviewed and the changes were compared with each WR stage. RESULTS: The changes found were nonspecific but were suggestive of features described in graft-versus-host disease and became more prominent in late-stage disease. CONCLUSION: A correlation was found between the changes and the stage of disease, and the findings add support to prior reports that at least some of the changes in HIV-1 infection may be autoimmune in origin.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed2006

The specific dermatoses of pregnancy revisited and reclassified: results of a retrospective two-center study on 505 pregnant patients.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of pruritic dermatoses in pregnancy and to assess a rationalized classification. METHODS: Data of 505 pregnant patients seen at two university-based dermatologic hospitals (1994-2004) were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: Diagnoses included eczema in pregnancy (49.7%), polymorphic eruption of pregnancy (PEP) (21.6%), pemphigoid gestationis (PG) (4.2%), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) (3%), prurigo of pregnancy (0.8%), pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy (0.2%), and miscellaneous dermatoses (20.6%). Eczema in pregnancy, prurigo of pregnancy, and pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy showed considerable overlap and were summarized as atopic eruption of pregnancy (AEP). While PEP, PG, and ICP presented in late pregnancy, AEP started significantly earlier. Primigravidae and multiple gestations were characteristic for PEP, abdominal involvement for PEP and PG, and a history of affected pregnancies for ICP. LIMITATIONS: This was a retrospective study. CONCLUSION: We propose classifying the dermatoses of pregnancy as PG, PEP, AEP, and ICP. Stereotypic immunofluorescence and laboratory findings are diagnostic of PG and ICP, whereas distinct clinical characteristics facilitate discrimination between PEP and AEP.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Dermatoses of the glans penis and prepuce.

A wide range of infectious, neoplastic, and inflammatory dermatoses can affect the glans penis or prepuce. Some are unique to the genitalia. Other more common dermatoses may have a unique appearance when they involve genital skin and mucosa. A thorough understanding of regional anatomy and a systematic diagnostic approach are helpful in the management of a refractory penile dermatosis. We review embryology and regional anatomy, drug-induced eruptions, allergic and irritant dermatitis, infection, neoplasia, and traumatic and inflammatory dermatoses as they relate to the glans and prepuce. Our discussion focuses on the clinical features, office laboratory studies, and histopathologic findings that assist in diagnosis and treatment.

Drug Eruptions↗

PubMed1987

Nuclear and cytosol androgen receptor in androgen dependent dermatoses in female patients.

Determination of cytosol and nuclear androgen receptor (AR) was performed in females with androgen dependent dermatoses. 34 patients with acne, hirsutism and androgenetic alopecia were punch biopsied on day 21 of the menstrual cycle under local anesthesia within correspondent predilection sites. The tissue was snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored until receptor assays were performed. Overall evaluation of both, cytosol and/or nuclear AR was positive in 76% of all cases. In 86% of (10 out of 14) females with androgenetic alopecia, in 80% (8 out of 10) of patients with acne and 60% (6 out of 10) of hirsute females cytosol and/or nuclear AR were positive. No significant differences of cytosol androgen receptor levels became evident between the dermatoses. In contrast, nuclear androgen receptor levels showed a trend towards distinct differences with highest levels in hirsutism, followed by androgenetic alopecia and acne. Androgen stimulability thus seems to be superior in the first and minor in the latter. Comparison with previous studies on cytosol androgen receptor in androgen dependent dermatoses shows significantly higher number of positive results by additive nuclear receptor determination. Additional nuclear androgen receptor assay, thus gives a more complete picture of local hormone action.

Acne Vulgaris↗

PubMed2001

Dermatoses of pregnancy.

The dermatoses of pregnancy can be classified into the following 3 groups: physiologic skin changes in pregnancy, dermatoses and cutaneous tumors affected by pregnancy, and specific dermatoses of pregnancy. Correct diagnosis and classification are essential for the treatment of these disorders, when necessary. Laboratory investigations are required when the diagnosis remains in question despite a careful history and thorough physical examination. A discussion with the pregnant woman about the nature of her skin condition, and the possible fetal risks associated with it, is imperative.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Altered thrombomodulin staining in blistering dermatoses.

The immunocytochemical distribution of thrombomodulin (TM) was examined in sections of skin from patients with blistering dermatoses occurring in the presence and absence of acantholysis. Skin sections were stained using polyclonal and monoclonal anti-human TM antibodies and were correlated with the staining pattern that resulted when using the monoclonal antibody 32-2B, which recognises the chief desmosomal adhesion molecule desmoglein I (DG I). Our study demonstrates a loss of TM staining in acantholytic dermatoses, occurring only in the region of actual disruption of the intercellular bridging between keratinocytes in the stratum spinosum. The thrombomodulin antigen expression paralleled the DG I expression. The strong correlation between the DG I and TM immunostaining pattern in both normal skin and acantholytic dermatoses supports the concept that TM has a role in mediating adhesion processes between keratinocytes.

Acantholysis↗

PubMed1997

Worker education in the primary prevention of occupational dermatoses.

This paper reports the evaluation of a skin care education programme conducted on a fine chemicals manufacturing site where over 1,000 employees are located. Approximately 60% are involved in chemical manufacture. Over a 12 month period production staff received training in prevention of occupational dermatoses linked to a site-wide poster initiative. The incidence of new cases of occupational dermatoses fell from 0.055 (70 cases in 1,277 employees) to 0.021 (27 cases in 1,277 employees) before and after the intervention respectively (p < 0.0001). After other factors such as chemicals handled, observer bias and changes in reporting related to socioeconomic climate were taken into account it is concluded that this study demonstrates the importance of worker education as a tool for primary prevention of disease. Training materials such as video and poster presentations may be effectively used in the chemical manufacturing industry as an adjunct to prevention and control of exposure to substances hazardous to the skin. Such methods may also be used in other industries where there are significant risks of dermatoses.

Chemical Industry↗

PubMed2006

Factitial dermatoses in children.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Factitial skin diseases are characterized by unusual patterns of skin lesions that do not conform to any known dermatologic condition and that are consciously or subconsciously fabricated by the patient. This review summarizes the current literature regarding the diagnosis and management of factitial dermatoses in children. RECENT FINDINGS: Neurotic excoriations, acne excoriee and trichotillomania are the most common factitial skin diseases seen in children. Dermatitis artefacta is also seen in children, but is less common. In many cases, the development of factitial skin disease is associated with a comorbid psychiatric condition or identifiable psychosocial stressor. With regard to the management of factitial dermatoses in children, it is of paramount importance for the clinician to establish an appropriate physician-patient-family relationship. Although controlled studies in children are lacking, pharmacologic and/or nonpharmacologic adjunctive therapy can be helpful in the treatment of these difficult conditions. SUMMARY: The diagnosis and management of factitial skin diseases in children is a challenge. Clinicians caring for children should be able to recognize the common factitial dermatoses that are seen in the pediatric population. The conveyance of support and acceptance by the physician is essential to the treatment process. Both psychotherapy and psychopharmacology can be important adjunctive treatments.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Epidermal fatty acid oxygenases are activated in non-psoriatic dermatoses.

The extent of epidermal fatty acid oxygenase activation in non-psoriatic dermatoses and the nature of these oxygenases are not known. The monohydroxylated fatty acid derivatives produced in vivo and trapped in skin scales or produced in vitro by oxygenases preserved in scales were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography in 10 patients with non-psoriatic dermatoses. Evidence for 15-lipoxygenase activation included the finding of 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) in scales from seven patients and the production of 15(S)-[14C]HETE and 13(S)-[14C]hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE) during scale incubations, respectively, with [14C]arachidonic and [14C]linoleic acid. Evidence for the activation of an arachidonic acid 12(R)-oxygenase included the finding of 12(R)-HETE in scales from eight patients and the production of 12(R)-[14C]HETE during scale incubations with [14C]arachidonic acid. 13-HODE was the predominant fatty acid derivative present in scale extracts; its lack of enantiopurity (mean S/R = 3.1) and the substantial formation of 9-HODE (mean S/R = 0.6; 9/13-HODE = 0.43) suggest its derivation from 15-lipoxygenase and a second oxygenase. The levels of 15(S)-HETE and 12(R)-HETE had a 125- to 144-fold range and were highest in scales from a patient with erythroderma and in three psoriatic scale samples similarly analyzed. These findings indicate that 15-lipoxygenase, most likely of keratinocyte origin, and an arachidonic acid 12(R)oxygenase of unknown type and cell origin are activated in diverse dermatoses.

12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid↗

PubMed2004

The prevalence of apoptotic keratinocytes in equine epidermis: a retrospective light-microscopic study of skin-biopsy specimens from 253 horses with normal skin or inflammatory dermatoses.

A retrospective study was performed to assess the prevalence of apoptotic epidermal keratinocytes in biopsy specimens from 226 horses with inflammatory dermatoses and from 27 normal specimens. One or more apoptotic keratinocytes were found in specimens from 28 of 226 (12%) horses with various dermatoses, and in one of 27 (4%) specimens from normal horses. The prevalence (proportion of cases with apoptotic epidermal keratinocytes) of apoptotic keratinocytes in the group composed of discoid lupus erythematosus, erythema multiforme, photodermatitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus was significantly greater (52% prevalence in these cases) than that in a grouping of all other dermatoses (prevalence 8%). There was no correlation between the number of apoptotic keratinocytes and the extent of epidermal hyperplasia or hyperkeratosis.

Animals↗