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PubMed1993

Computer applications in oral diagnosis.

Eventually, computer technology may be used in the home or practice to satisfy continuing education requirements. Additionally, this technology may be used by state licensing agencies as a component of their testing procedure. At the present time, a Patient Simulation Consortium and Electronic Curriculum Consortium have been established within the American Association of Dental Schools.7, 15 These groups, and others, will continue to develop and test new technologies for use in dentistry.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1993

Forensic and legal issues in oral diagnosis.

The forensic odontologist has assumed a more visible role in the last decade, having been called upon repeatedly to assist both law enforcement agencies and the judicial system. It has become quite common for dentists to establish the identity of unknown bodies; to quickly and positively identify the victims of mass disasters such as airliner crashes, floods, and earthquakes; as well as to provide testimony in court concerning bite marks or other matters that require dental expertise. Litigation directed at dental defendants for failure to diagnose, properly treat, or obtain valid consent from plaintiff patients is also on the rise. In each of these fields, dentists who have been specially trained in or who have devoted their practices to the dental diagnostic sciences have been looked to widely as experts. This article discusses in detail these areas and others that affect the dental diagnostician.

Bites, Human↗
PubMed1994

A problem-based approach to a course in oral diagnosis.

This paper describes the first two years of an attempt to introduce a problem-based approach into the teaching of oral diagnosis. The most significant features of this approach were the involvement of the students in setting course goals, the use of student journals to encourage reflection on learning, the encouragement of self-assessment, and an attempt to relate clinical practice to problem-solving seminars. The paper reports on student reactions to the course and discusses further developments in the course, in particular attempts to develop a more explicit understanding in students of their own learning processes, and more attention to factors in the learning environment which engender confidence, reflection and self-evaluation.

Diagnosis, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Statistical analyses of clinical observations made on outpatients visiting the Department of Oral Diagnosis, Meikai University School of Dentistry Hospital, for the past 16 years].

Statistical analyses of clinical observations made on outpatients visiting the Department of Oral Diagnosis, Meikai University School of Dentistry Hospital from June, 1970, to August 1986 were carried out. The total number of new outpatients during this period was 73,708. The results were as follows: 1) The largest number of patients was found in 1978. 2) There was a tendency for the number of new patients to increase in March, June, and August of every year. The smallest number of patients came in December. 3) The greatest number of new patients visiting the hospital was in the 0-9 age category, followed by those in the 20-29 and 30-39 age categories. 4) The greatest chief complaint of patients visiting the hospital was pain, followed by masticatory disturbance and swelling. 5) The number of outpatients coming to the hospital for cosmetic and temporomandibular joint problems has been increasing on a yearly basis over the past 16 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Endoscopic photodynamic diagnosis: oral aminolevulinic acid is a marker of GI cancer and dysplastic lesions.

BACKGROUND: Dysplasia and early cancer of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract often are undetected at white-light endoscopy. We describe oral administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid for the in vivo photodynamic diagnosis of premalignant and malignant lesions during endoscopy. METHODS: Four patients with known gastric adenoma (n = 1), macroscopically undetected but histologically proven esophageal squamous cell cancer (n = 1), suspected early cancer of the esophagus (n = 1), and multiple duodenal adenomas (n = 1) were sensitized with 5-aminolevulinic acid administered orally (15 mg/kg body weight). Photodynamic diagnosis was conducted after a retention time of 6 to 7 hours with a special light source capable of delivering either white or violet-blue light. Red fluorescence was detected through the gastroscope with an image-intensifying camera. RESULTS: All malignant lesions exhibited red or bluish fluorescence during photodynamic diagnosis. Fluorescence-negative mucosal areas proved to be histologically benign. CONCLUSION: Fluorescence induced with 5-aminolevulinic acid might be useful for the endoscopic detection of dysplasia and early carcinoma in the upper GI tract. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of photodynamic diagnosis for different tumor entities.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

Disseminated histoplasmosis: aspects of oral diagnosis.

This paper reports two cases of histoplasmosis in Natal: histoplasmosis is a granulomatous mycosis caused by H. capsulatum. The Indian mynah may possibly have a rôle in the epidemiology of this disease. In-vitro culture of the organism is the definitive step in confirming the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. The overgrowth of contaminants often precludes culturing; but a clinical regimen of topical antifungal agent and mouthwash may improve the chances of culturing H. capsulatum.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Potential applications of anti-keratin antibodies in oral diagnosis.

Recent progress in understanding the biology of keratins together with the development of monoclonal antibodies to individual keratin proteins provide the foundation for studying keratin expression in normal and pathological oral epithelia. Areas of oral pathology in which the examination of epithelial keratin profiles may yield information of potential diagnostic value are discussed. Examples of altered keratin expression in epithelial dysplasia, oral cancer and odontogenic cysts and tumours are presented. Immunocytochemical demonstration of individual keratins can clarify the composition of complex epithelia and may help to establish epithelial lineage or indicate progression changes in tumours. Some problems in the application and interpretation of keratin immunocytochemistry are also considered.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2001

Oral diagnosis of Behcet disease in an eleven-year old girl and the non-surgical treatment of her gingival overgrowth caused by Cyclosporine.

A case of an eleven-year old girl with Behcet disease is presented. Non-surgical treatment of gingival overgrowth caused by the use of Cyclosporine was successfully treated. This case emphasizes the need for cooperation between the medical and dental professionals and the responsibility of dental professionals to lead the diagnosis of systemic diseases like Behcet.

Behcet Syndrome↗