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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Prevention and treatment of space sickness in shuttle-orbiter missions.

Today it is impossible accurately to predict susceptibility to space sickness of crew members making their first transition into orbit, for want of a ground-based validated model of free fall. Even assuming that space sickness is simply a specific designation for motion sickness that may be experienced in orbital flight (and here agreement is not general), preventive therapy poses difficult problems because, for a priori reasons, either all crew members or none should receive treatment. If all receive preventive therapy, everyone should execute head movements in a programmed manner to ensure rapid adaptation to the environment; at least a large minority will not benefit but rather will experience whatever sideeffects inevitably accompany administration of a drug. If none receive preventive therapy prelaunch, at least a large minority will pose two problems--treatment for acute motion sickness and rapid acquisition of adaptation. Trade-offs will involve the identification of long-acting antimotion sickness drugs for use prelaunch that will be efficacious for at least 90% of those going aloft for the first time and the effectiveness of combining rapid adaptation with treatment of motion sickness. The following report describes recent experiments dealing with these problems.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Approaching long-term neuroleptic treatment of schizophrenia.

Neuroleptic therapy can prevent some acute episodes and may improve the level of function in some cases of chronic schizophrenia. The hazards of tardive dyskinesia require a rigorous design for any long-term use of neuroleptics. The protocol includes narrow indications, demonstrations of efficacy and necessity, and arrangements for surveillance, cooperation, and emergency. Patient instruction improves the precision of medication use and may increase adaptive efforts during episodes.

Antiparkinson Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Role of long-acting neuroleptics in the treatment of schizophrenia].

This paper summarizes the presentations made during the Lucca symposium (1-3 October, 1977) on long-acting neuroleptics. The authors tried to present advantages and inconveniences of this therapeutic compared to the "classical" neuroleptic therapeutics: - in patients with an acute symptomatology; - in stabilized patients. The main advantage is that one can be ensured that the drug has been or not been taken.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Plasma gonadotropin response to D-Ala6-LH-RH propylamide.

A long-acting analog of LH-RH, D-Ala6-desGly10-LH-RH propylamide (D-Ala6-LH-RH PA) was administered intramuscularly in a dose of 250 micrograms to 11 women with amenorrhea in whom the determinations of urinary steroid secretion, progesterone challenge, clomiphene, HMG, and LH-RH tests had been performed previously. Blood samples were taken twice before the injection and at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 26, 28, 30, and 32 h. No visible side effects were observed. Plasma levels of LH and FSH were determined by radioimmunoassays and expressed in mIU/2nd-IRP HMG/ml. The analog caused a great elevation in plasma LH and FSH levels. The maximal absolute increment for LH was between 3.93 and 115.89 mIU/ml, and the maximal increment in percentage was between 220 and 4,300. The time of the LH peak varied between 0.5 and 12 h. For FSH, the maximal absolute increment was between 6.45 and 50.92 mIU/ml and the maximal increment in percentage was between 63 and 1,442. The peak of FSH occurred in most cases at 4 to 8 h.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Slow-release metoprolol in angina pectoris. A comparative study of a cardioselective beta-blocking drug, metoprolol, in ordinary and slow-release tablets (Durules) in the treatment of angina pectoris.

A double-blind cross-over study was undertaken to compare the effects of ordinary metoprolol tablets (tablets) 0.1 g b.i.d. and metoprolol slow-release tablets (Durules) 0.2 g once daily in 16 patients with angina pectoris. Initially, the patients were treated with placebo for 2 weeks, and then during the cross-over periods with either 1 tablet morning and evening or 1 Durules in the morning and 1 placebo in the evening. Standardized bicycle ergometer exercise tests with heart rate and blood pressure measurements were performed 2 hours after placebo, 2 hours after tablets and Durules, 12 hours after tablets and 24 hours after Durules. The patients kept diaries of their anginal attacks throughout the study. There were no statistically significant differences in total work between tablets and Durules when the values at 12 hours and 24 hours were compared. However, total work was significantly greater at 2 hours and at 12 hours after tablets and 24 hours after Durules than after placebo. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure during exercise were significantly decreased 24 hours after Durules compared to placebo. The heart rate was, however, lower 12 hours after tablets than 24 hours after Durules (p less than 0.05), although this slight difference in the degree of beta-blockade did not seem to be of clinical importance in these patients.

Administration, Oral↗