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PubMed2003

Eosinophil count in nasal mucosa is more suitable than the number of ICAM-1-positive nasal epithelial cells to evaluate the severity of house dust mite-sensitive allergic rhinitis: a clinical correlation study.

BACKGROUND: House dust mite (HDM)-sensitive allergic rhinitis is a perennial rhinitis with persistent nasal inflammation. Currently, there are no reliable parameters to monitor the severity of perennial allergic rhinitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate correlations between clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with HDM-sensitive allergic rhinitis. METHODS: We measured nasal symptoms, did the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der P) skin prick test (SPT), evaluated the Der P allergen nasal challenge threshold, and laboratory parameters [(1) inflammatory cell count from nasal mucosal scraping specimens: eosinophils and neutrophils and (2) immunocytochemistry: ICAM-1 expression on nasal epithelial cells] in 20 cases of HDM-sensitive allergic rhinitis and performed correlation tests between all parameters. RESULTS: The wheal diameter induced by Der P SPT was significantly correlated with the Der P allergen nasal challenge threshold (p = 0.001). The number of eosinophils from nasal mucosal scrapping specimens was correlated with the ICAM-1 expression on nasal epithelial cells (p = 0.039), the number of neutrophils from nasal mucosal scrapping specimens (p = 0.001), and nasal stuffiness (p = 0.037) but did not correlate with total nasal symptom scores. CONCLUSION: Clinical symptoms of HDM-sensitive allergic rhinitis showed a poor correlation with inflammatory parameters. The eosinophil count in nasal mucosa is correlated with ICAM-1 expression and more suitable than ICAM-1 levels to evaluate the severity of HDM-sensitive allergic rhinitis. This study also supports the role of the SPT in the diagnosis of nasal allergy to HDM.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The total eosinophil count in asthmatic children.

The diurnal variation in total eosinophil count (TEC) in asthmatic children not on medications or on thophylline-containing bronchodilators orally every 6 hr is similar to that reported in normal subjects, with a decrease in TEC in the morning and an increase in the evening. Asthmatic children taking prednisone in 8:00 A.M. on alternate days have diurnal variations in TEC on the "day off" prednisone similar to those on normal children. On the "day on" prednisone, administered either on a daily or alternate-day basis, TECs approach zero 4 to 8 hr after prednisone is taken. The TEC then increases in the evening as it does in children not taking prednisone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Mistletoe treatment induces GM-CSF- and IL-5 production by PBMC and increases blood granulocyte- and eosinophil counts: a placebo controlled randomized study in healthy subjects.

OBJECTIVE: Various immunological effects have been reported during application of mistletoe preparations. Because these data are heterogeneous, we performed a placebo controlled study to investigate (1) effects on peripheral granulocyte and eosinophil counts, (2) related cytokine levels and (3) whether effects are related to mistletoe lectin (ML). METHODS: 43 volunteers were randomized to receive the mistletoe plant extract Iscador Quercus spezial (IQ), purified ML, IQ which was depleted from ML, or placebo subcutaneously twice per week for 8 weeks. Weekly, differential blood count and every four weeks spontaneous and IQ- and ML-induced cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analyzed. RESULTS: Leukocyte-, granulocyte-, and eosinophil counts were significantly higher during treatment in the IQ- and ML-groups than in the placebo group. Furthermore, a significant increase of antigen-induced production of GM-CSF, IL-5 and IFNgamma by PBMC was observed in the IQ- and ML-group but not in the groups receiving ML-depleted IQ or placebo. Severe side effects did not occur in any of the subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with IQ or ML stimulates the production of GM-CSF, IL-5 and IFNgamma by PBMC, and this is accompanied by an increase of eosinophil- and granulocyte-counts. These observations may, therefore, open rational therapeutic indications for mistletoe extracts.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Changes of serum complement and eosinophil count in antigen induced bronchospasm.

By using house dust antigens, in addition to the relation between specific IgE antibody, precipitin antibody and bronchial provocation test (BPT), the changes of serum complement activities and eosinophil counts after BPT were studied. Decreased serum concentrations of C4 and Factor B were found in three of 15 skin-test positive asthmatic children, thus confirming the involvement of complement in the pathogenesis of immediate type BPT reaction. Eosinophil counts tended to increase after BPT but the increase did not correlate with the occurence of the immediate type BPT reaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The absolute eosinophil count in experimental animals.

The values of the absolute eosinophil count in certain laboratory animals were examined and were compared with values in healthy humans. The method and the results extend the possibility of detecting and studying changes in biological processes in the organism of experimental animals.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Polymorphisms in interleukin 8 and its receptors (IL8, IL8RA and IL8RB) and association of common IL8 receptor variants with peripheral blood eosinophil counts.

Airway inflammation is a major factor in the pathogenesis of asthma. Interleukin 8 (IL8) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine that interacts with its receptors, IL8RA and IL8RB. We investigated the genetic polymorphisms in IL8, IL8RA, and IL8RB for any association with risk of asthma and peripheral blood eosinophil counts in a Korean population. By carrying out direct sequencing in 24 individuals, we identified 20 sequence variants within exons and their flanking regions, including the 1.5 kb promoter regions of IL8, IL8RA, and IL8RB. Among them, seven common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected for genotyping in our asthma cohort (n = 1,439). Two common haplotypes in IL8 and three in IL8RA and IL8RB (defined as one block) were identified. Although none of the polymorphisms showed a significant association with risk of asthma, IL8RA-B ht2 showed a significant association with the peripheral blood eosinophil counts (%) among asthma patients, e.g., lower eosinophil levels among individuals with the homozygous IL8RA-B ht2 (3.55 +/- 3.39%) than among other asthmatic patients (5.52 +/- 5.55%; P (corr) = 0.018). Our findings suggest that polymorphisms and haplotypes in IL8RA and IL8RB might be among the genetic factors underlying production of peripheral blood eosinophil.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Morphometric image analysis and eosinophil counts in human liver allografts.

Histology of liver allografts is the gold standard for diagnosis of acute cellular rejection. However, scoring the severity of rejection and distinguishing it from other infiltrations is not easy. Only one group has evaluated biopsies morphometrically and also suggested that eosinophils are a specific diagnostic feature. We quantitated eosinophil count in 92 biopsies in a group of 25 patients and, in another group of 30 patients, used morphometric image analysis to measure the cross-sectional area and cell density in each portal tract in day 5 protocol liver biopsies. Rejection was diagnosed by pathological evaluation confirmed with clinical and biochemical graft dysfunction graded histologically into mild or moderate-to-severe. The control groups were five patients with no rejection, nine patients with CMV infection, and eight biopsies in eight patients for whom the cause of the liver dysfunction was obscure. The cross-sectional area, the inflammatory cell count of each portal tract and the mean portal tract inflammatory cell density (cells/mm2) increased with the severity of rejection. In each case the regression coefficient was statistically significant. Correlating the mean of the total inflammatory cell count with the mean of the portal inflammatory cell density (cell/mm2) gave far better separation of the mild rejection and moderate-to-severe rejection groups. Eosinophils were specific for the presence of acute cellular rejection and increased with the severity of rejection. They were absent in the no rejection group, in the CMV group and in those with obscure liver dysfunction. The eosinophil count fell markedly following treatment of rejection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Eosinophils↗
PubMed1993

Effect of inhaled corticosteroids on peripheral blood eosinophil counts and density profiles in asthma.

BACKGROUND: Inhaled corticosteroids are effective in the treatment of asthma and reduce bronchial hyperresponsiveness. We examined the effect of inhaled budesonide (1600 micrograms/day for 14 days) on the number and density profile of peripheral blood eosinophils in 10 patients with mild stable asthma in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. METHODS: At the end of each study period, blood was collected immediately before measurement of bronchial responsiveness calculated as the concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (PC20). Plasma leukocyte suspension obtained after sedimentation of blood with 46% dextran was layered on a Percoll continuous-density gradient. After centrifugation, 20 sequential aliquots of increasing density gradients were removed for differential counts. Eosinophils recovered from density of gradients less than 1.080 gm/ml were defined as hypodense. RESULTS: Budesonide treatment resulted in a fall in mean eosinophil count from 0.37 +/- 0.05 x 10(9) L-1 after placebo to 0.16 +/- 0.03 x 10(9) L-1 (p < 0.01). A significant reduction occurred in the hypodense eosinophil population from 51.6% +/- 4.3% after placebo to 38.1% +/- 3.1% after budesonide (p < 0.05). Mean log PC20 increased from -0.26 +/- 0.12 after placebo to -0.004 +/- 0.14 after budesonide (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: We conclude that inhaled steroid therapy reduces the number of circulating hypodense eosinophils, which is an effect that may underlie the improvement in bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of the severity of atopic dermatitis with absolute eosinophil counts in peripheral blood and serum IgE levels.

BACKGROUND: Although a number of epidemiological studies, showing incidence and prevalence of atopic dermatitis, were available, scant attention has been paid to the correlation between the parameters of the disease like severity, absolute eosinophil count and IgE level, which has been known to be associated inconsistently. Hence this study was undertaken. METHODS: A total of 102 patients of atopic dermatitis, both children and adults, and 107 age matched controls were studied at the Pediatric Dermatology clinic, Institute of Child Health and department of Dermatology, AMRI-Apollo hospitals, Kolkata. RESULTS: The average age of onset of atopic dermatitis was observed to be 4.55 years. Both the average absolute eosinophil count and IgE levels in patients of atopic dermatitis were significantly higher than that of the controls. Each of these parameters showed significant correlation with severity of the disease and showed a nonhomogeneous distribution reflected by significant association with personal history of bronchial asthma and family history of atopy, when both parents were atopic. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that clinical activity of the disease as recorded by the "SCORAD" index can be used as an indicator of the hematological abnormalities as well as to some extent as a prognostic indicator. Family history of atopy correlates with the hematological abnormalities only if both parents are involved and bronchial asthma is the only associated atopic condition which correlates with the parameters of the disease .

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Is there a role for automated eosinophil count in asthma severity assessment?

Advances in asthma clinical assessment help in categorizing patients based on their clinical severity. Eosinophilia is a common laboratory finding in asthmatics. This paper explores the correlation between the clinical severity of asthmatic children and the degree of total peripheral eosinophil count (TPEC). Eighty asthmatic children referred to pediatric and allergy clinics were selected. Their clinical severity levels were assessed using the recent Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention guidelines. Absolute TPEC was performed for all cases by the Cell-Dyne 3500 automated hematology counter. Correlation between clinical severity and TPEC was measured and their means in each severity group were compared for any significant association. Asthmatic children aged between 6 months and 15 years (mean = 5.9 years; 67.5% male) were studied. The clinical severity of their bronchial asthma was divided into four groups: intermittent (6, or 7.5%), mild-persistent (48, or 60%), moderate persistent (20, or 25%), and severe-persistent (6, or 7.5%). TPEC for the groups ranged between 10 and 2100 cells/mm3 (mean = 581.7 cells) and showed a very significant positive correlation with increased asthma severity (R = 0.61, p<0.001). A high linear trend of TPEC within each clinical group was found (F = 51.3, p<0.0001), and the means among each group also showed a significant increase as asthma severity level increased (F = 19.98, p<0.001). The study documents a significant positive correlation between the clinical severity of bronchial asthma and eosinophil counts. The authors advocate the use of this simple and sensitive laboratory test as a significant adjunct objective technique in the assessment of asthma severity and management.

Asthma↗
PubMed2005

Effect of dexamethasone and Nigella sativa on peripheral blood eosinophil count, IgG1 and IgG2a, cytokine profiles and lung inflammation in murine model of allergic asthma.

It has been reported that Nigella sativa oil possesses anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator activities. Besides, non - toxic and wide margin of safety for therapeutic doses compared with Dexamethasone. This work aims to study the effect of Nigella sativa and Dexamethason on different immune and inflammatory parameters in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Mice sensitized intraperitoneally and challenged intratracheally with conalbumin were treated with Nigella sativa 24 hours after the first intratracheal challenge. Dexamethasone treated and naïve mice served as controls. The effect of Nigella sativa and Dexamethasone treatment on peripheral blood eosinophil count, IgG1 and IgG2a, cytokine profiles and lung inflammation were evaluated. Nigella sativa was significantly reduced peripheral blood eosinophil count, IgG1 and IgG2a levels, cytokine profiles and inflammatory cells in lung tissue. These effects were equivalent to the effects of Dexamethasone except unchanged IFN-y level. Nigella sativa exhibits anti-airway inflammation and immunoregulatory effect which may be useful for treatment of allergic asthma.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Parasite-specific IgG response and peripheral blood eosinophil count following albendazole treatment for presumed chronic strongyloidiasis.

BACKGROUND: In developed countries, asymptomatic chronic Strongyloides stercoralis infection occurs in immigrants from endemic regions of the world. Accurate and reliable means of diagnosis and follow-up are required for effective management. The role of S stercoralis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in this context was examined. METHODS: In this study, 95 asymptomatic Laotian immigrants living in Melbourne, Australia, for an average of 12 years, were screened for S stercoralis infection using stool microscopy, eosinophil count, and serology by ELISA. Twenty-two patients with a positive ELISA were treated with albendazole, 400 mg twice daily for 3 days, and monitored with serology, fecal microscopy, and eosinophil counts at 2, 6, 12, and 36 months after treatment. RESULTS: Patients with moderately reactive baseline ELISA and no eosinophilia had no significant change in either measure over the 36 months of follow-up. All patients with a strongly reactive baseline ELISA showed a reduction in reactivity over the first 6 months of treatment. However, in 50% of these patients, reactivity increased between 12 and 36 months, suggesting treatment failure and relapse of infection. One patient had confirmed treatment failure based on the development of hyperinfection syndrome. CONCLUSION: The results support evidence that serology is a valuable tool in monitoring treatment responses in patients with suspected strongyloidiasis and highlights the need to ensure that S stercoralis is completely eradicated after treatment.

Adult↗