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PubMed1977

[Course of epilepsy in persons of middle and old age with the disease beginning in childhood].

Clinical studies of epilepsy in 137 patients of old age demonstrated that epileptical dementia preserves its nozological specificity. In genuine epilepsy it was not possible to detect symptoms of cerebral atherosclerosis, while in symptomatical epilepsy there were definite signs of arteriosclerotic dementia. Convulsive seizeures in old age become less frequent and are substituted by abortive and psychomotor elementary seizures or are arrested altogether. Epileptic equivalents lose their specifity.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

[Discontinuing antiepileptic therapy in children and adolescents].

The report is concerned with observations of 90 children and adolescents with benign forms of epilepsy and epileptic syndromes of a different nature in conditions of a therapeutical remission from 3--18 years. These data confirmed the previously published data of the author together with S.A. Safonova (1969, v. 4) of the possibility of a full discontinuation of treatment in such cases. The author proposes a technique and tactics of the completing stage of the therapeutical process in these cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Posttraumatic epilepsy and CT scan.

Among 83 head-trauma cases examined by CT scan in a later year, 41 were included in a seizure group of those who clinically showed late epilepsy and who obviously showed epileptic discharge such as spike or spike and wave in EEG after trauma, and 42 were included in a nonseizure group of those who had some sequelae such as abnormal findings in EEG or neurologic defects: the CT findings of these 83 cases were collected and compared with clinical findings, EEG, and other data. The CT findings of these cases were divided into five groups: (A) a normal group; (B) a group showing partial or unilateral ventricular dilatation; (C) a group showing porencephaly in the cerebral parenchyma; (D) a group suspected of cortical atrophy; (E) a group of other cases. Group D contained 44.3% of the cases, and was the largest group; the frequency of seizure was highest in Group C. The CT classification reveals the contradiction of the conventional definition of posttraumatic epilepsy and also poses some problems concerning the disease. CT scan is mostly applied to head trauma in the acute stage, and as for trauma in the chronic stage there are a few reports on chronic subdural hematoma and post-traumatic hydrocephalus. We noticed posttraumatic epilepsy among the sequelae of trauma, and then analyzed CT findings of the epilepsy: the results are reported here.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Brain damage in National Hunt jockeys.

Five National Hunt jockeys have been found to have post-traumatic encephalopathy- three with epilepsy and two with significant intellectual and psychological deterioration. Closer supervision is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Transient global amnesia--a review of 213 cases from the literature.

TGA is a clearly recognisable clinical syndrome with many and varied aetiologies, the most ubiquitous being transient cerebral ischaemia. This entity is probably much more common than the literature suggests, many patients not coming to the attention of a physician due to the transient nature of the isolated memory defect and the risk of recurrence being low, it is of interest that many of the original patients described tended to be the more prominent members of the community, e.g. physicians and relatives of physicians, perhaps suggesting that the occurrence of TGA in such a person is less likely to pass unnoticed. In the differential diagnosis one should include the following: transient cerebral ischaemia, epilepsy, migraine, temporal lobe encephalitis, psychogenic fugues, post-traumatic, and rarely cerebral neoplasms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Etiological diagnosis of epilepsy: value of computerized axial tomography (C.A.T.) (author's transl)].

The authors appraise the value of CAT in the study of epilepsy from their personal experience and from the few published works that are available. The CAT confirms and supports a large number of already acquired facts:--the almost complete absence of cerebral lesions in "functional" epilepsies (primary generalized epilepsies and benign childhood epilepsy with rolandic paroxysms);--the large number of abnormalities in the secondary generalized epilepsies (West syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome) where the majority of patients present a bilateral fronto-temporal atrophy;--the high percentage of cerebral lesions in partial epilepsies. In this case, the CAT is especially notable in revealing etiologies in 63 p. 100 of cases. They include: tumors, abcesses, empyemas, angiomas, cerebral infarctions, cerebral atrophies, post-traumatic lesions, etc... From this study, it can be concluded that positive diagnosis of epilepsy is still made on the basis of clinical and electroencephalographic data, with the CAT used to facilitate the etiological diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Neuroradiological findings in epilepsies without consideration of cranial computerized tomography and radioactive brain scanning (author's transl)].

This paper gives a detailed summary of neuroradiological findings (X-rays of the skull, pneumoencephalograms and angiograms) in epilepsies and epileptic seizures, that is based on 902 patients, which have been treated in the Neuro-Psychiatric university hospital of Mainz during 1960 and 1975. First the different pathological findings and their frequency in relation to the single types of epilepsy are described. Then it is tried to draw conclusions from the neuroradiological findings to the etiology of the particular seizure-classes. In further passages important etiologies are chosen and the appearing different seizures with their neuroradiological findings are presented. Epilepsies due to unknown causes, due to brain damage in early childhood, post-traumatically, alcohologenic and caused by brain-tumors are considered. As no similar classification was found in the literature, our data could only be compared with those of different papers, each dealing with some aspects. In the absence of recent publications with statistical data we also had to refer to older papers. Differences between our results and those of the literature are discussed.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

[Computerized tomography in post-traumatic cerebral lesions (author's transl)].

A review of 108 cases of cranial injury, dating back for more than three months, and having had computerized tomography examinations, revealed 96 abnormalities in the results. These included overall, 65 times, and localized, 20 times, ventricular dilatations, generalized atrophy 27 times, porencephaly 27 times, enlargement of the sylvian fossa 28 times, chronic subdural hematomas 8 times, intracranial calcification 3 times, meningiomas 3 times, and a cerebral abscess in 1 patient. The computerized tomography results were normal in 12 patients. Very good correlations were found between clinical and computerized tomography results in patients with psychic disturbances and disorders of the higher centers. They were variable in cases of epilepsy and neurological deficiency states. The greatest number of normal results was found in so-called subjective syndromes.

Brain Diseases↗