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At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Cytoskeletal characterization of arteriovenous epithelioid cells.

Data on the cytoskeleton of epithelioid cells in arteriovenous anastomosis (AVA) are sparse, but there is evidence that the (myo)-epithelioid cells of the AVAs represent a specialized smooth muscle cell type with less contractile properties. We demonstrated the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin, calponin, caldesmon, and caveolin in epithelioid cells of rabbit ear and in human toes, finger tips, and glomus tumors by means of indirect immunofluorescence techniques and immunoelectron microscopy. Epithelioid cells in rabbit ear did not express vimentin, but it was present in human toes, finger tips, and glomus tumors. Epithelioid cells in human toes, finger tips, and glomus tumors did not express desmin, but it was present in rabbit ear. Epithelioid cells did not express cytokeratins. The epithelioid cells examined showed only a weak expression of the protein smoothelin, which occurs exclusively in contractile smooth muscle cells. Immunoelectron microscopical demonstration of (alpha-smooth muscle actin revealed a striking difference in the arrangement of actin filaments in the epithelioid cells as compared to that in the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels. The epithelioid cells contained a loose array of actin filaments, whereas the smooth muscle cells contained tightly packed parallel actin bundles. In the present study we observed a correlation between the lack of contractile marker protein expression in epithelioid cells and the presence of only a few filaments, although the epithelioid cells are alpha-smooth muscle actin positive. The reduced number of contractile elements in the epithelioid cells of rabbit and human anastomoses suggests a lower contractility of epithelioid cells compared to that of the surrounding smooth muscle cells in anastomoses. A second interesting difference between both cell types is the high number of caveolae in epithelioid cells. Immunoelectron microscopy showed a compact distribution of caveolae at the epithelioid cell border, but a more dispersed distribution of caveolae in the cytoplasm of the blood vessel endothelium. The benign glomus tumor was characterized by an expression pattern of cytoskeletal proteins similar to that of epithelioid cells, confirming its description as a benign tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Restoration of grip function in both hands after frostbite of all fingers and toes. A case report].

Evaluation, therapeutical possibilities, and surgical planning for the restoration of bilateral grip function are described, based upon a 34-year-old engineer presenting after severe bilateral frostbite of the hands and feet with loss of all fingers and toes. Finally, the given level of amputation and remaining components of the hand together with distraction-lengthening of both thumbs permitted restoring a basic grip on both sides in combination with bone and soft tissue procedures.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Repeatability of peripheral pulse measurements on ears, fingers and toes using photoelectric plethysmography.

Peripheral pulses have been recorded and analysed to determine the accuracy with which pulse transit times (PTTs) can be measured. Measurements of PTT between the ECG Q-wave and various peripheral sites were made in 10 normal subjects on 10 separate days. Mean values were determined for the ears (174 ms), fingers (245 ms), and toes (361 ms). The technique was sufficiently accurate to detect small changes in PTT due to changes in posture; sitting to lying, 5.2 ms. When comparing simultaneous measurements on bilateral sites only small differences in PTT were discovered, and these were not significant in the study group as a whole. However, these differences were significant in some individuals. When the subjects raised a single arm or leg, significant differences (38 ms and 49 ms respectively) were recorded between sides. The day-to-day repeatability sigma (expressed as the square root of the within-subject mean square variance) of individual PTT measurements on a subject (supine) was for ears, fingers and toes respectively 9.4, 9.2 and 12 ms. For right-left differences the repeatability was 7.2, 5.9 and 14 ms. Hence changes in PTTs, or differences between right and left sides, can be detected from single measurements with 95% confidence if they exceed approximately 20 ms in ears or fingers and 30 ms in toes.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Somatotopical organization of striatal activation during finger and toe movement: a 3-T functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

The present study aimed at determining the distribution and somatotopical organization of striatal activation during performance of simple motor tasks. Ten right-handed healthy volunteers were studied by using a 3-T whole-body magnetic resonance unit and echo planar imaging. The tasks consisted of self-paced flexion/extension of the right fingers or toes. Motor activation was found mainly in the putamen posterior to the anterior commissure (10 of 10 subjects) and the globus pallidus (6 subjects), whereas the caudate nucleus was activated in only 3 subjects, and in a smaller area. Thus, performance of a simple motor task activated the sensorimotor territory of the basal ganglia. Within the putamen, there was a somatotopical organization of the foot and hand areas similar to that observed in nonhuman primates. These data suggest that functional magnetic resonance imaging can be used to study normal function of the basal ganglia and should therefore also allow investigation of patients with movement disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Detection of human papillomavirus type 58 in polydactylous Bowen's disease on the fingers and toes of a woman - concurrent occurrence of invasive vulval and cervical carcinomas.

The group related to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV-16, -31, -33, -35, -52, -58 and -67) is dominantly identified in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinomas. HPV-16 has also been frequently detected in Bowen's disease on the hands and feet. We describe herein a case of polydactylous Bowen's disease on the fingers and toes of a woman who had had radical vulvectomy and hysterectomy for concomitant invasive vulval and cervical carcinomas. All the lesions, except for the lesions on the periungual side of her left index, middle and ring fingers, harbored HPV-58 DNA with more than 100 entire viral genome copies per cell detected by Southern blot hybridization. The histological localization of the viral DNA was confirmed in all the lesions by in situ hybridization. We could also retrospectively demonstrate HPV-58 DNA in her invasive vulval and cervical carcinoma tissues.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1991

Anomalies of the fingers and toes associated with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome.

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare congenital malformation characterized by a large angiomatous nevus; hypertrophy of soft tissue or overgrowth of bone, or both; and venous varicosities. The cases of 108 patients who had a diagnosis of this syndrome between 1956 and 1990 were reviewed. One hundred and twenty-six anomalies were found in twenty-nine patients, each of whom had one to thirteen malformations of the fingers or toes, or both. The ratio of female patients to male patients was approximately two to one. Twenty-six patients had macrodactyly affecting one to six digits; nine, syndactyly involving two or more digits; five, metatarsus primus varus; two, clinodacytly; two, polydactyly; one, camptodactyly; and one, a congenital trigger finger. Thirty-three of the 126 anomalies were in extremities that had no nevi, varicose veins, or generalized hypertrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Reconstruction of the long fingers using toe transfers].

The authors review 29 toes transfers on 24 patients with injury of long fingers between 1985 and 1990. The series contains 16 complete toes and 13 partial toes transfers. The results, inconvenience and indications are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

A new form of autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD1G) with progressive fingers and toes flexion limitation maps to chromosome 4p21.

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive weakness of pelvic and scapular girdles and great clinical variability. It is a highly heterogeneous disease with 16 identified loci: six of them autosomal dominant (AD) (LGMD1) and 10 autosomal recessive (AR) (LGMD2). The responsible genes are known for three of the AD-LGMD and for all 10 AR-LGMD. Linkage analysis excluded these 16 loci in a Brazilian-Caucasian family with 12 patients affected by AD late-onset LGMD associated with progressive fingers and toes flexion limitation. Biceps muscle biopsy from one of the patients showed a predominantly myopathic histopathological pattern, associated with rimmed vacuoles. A genomewide scan was performed which mapped a new locus for this disorder at 4p21 with a maximum two-point lod score of 6.62 for marker D4S2964. Flanking markers place this locus between D4S2947 and D4S2409, within an interval of 9 cM. We propose to classify this AD form of LGMD as LGMD1G.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1996

Craniosynostosis, Philadelphia type: a new autosomal dominant syndrome with sagittal craniosynostosis and syndactyly of the fingers and toes.

The acrocephalosyndactyly syndromes (ACS) are a group of clinically similar disorders that share the manifestations of craniosynostosis and a variety of hand and foot anomalies. Here we report on a 5-generation kindred segregating sagittal craniosynostosis and syndactyly of the fingers and the toes in an autosomal dominant manner. The anomalies seen in this kindred comprise a syndrome distinct from other craniosynostosis syndromes. For this novel syndrome, we propose the name craniosynostosis, Philadelphia type.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗