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PubMed1994

Relevance of histocompatibility testing in clinical transplantation.

This, article discusses HLA antigen identification procedures and the relevance of matching donor-recipient HLA to renal allograft survival. Moreover, cross-match procedures are discussed in light of their ability to detect relevant recipient antidonor immunity and its correlation to graft outcome.

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PubMed2000

The application of flow cytometry to histocompatibility testing.

Flow cytometry is a powerful technique that enables the sensitive and quantitative detection of both cellular antigens and bound biological moieties. This article reviews how flow cytometry is increasingly being used as histocompatibility laboratories for the analysis of antibody specificity and HLA antigen expression. A basic description of flow cytometry principles and standardisation is given, together with an outline of clinical application in the areas of pre-transplant cross-matching, antibody screening, post-transplant antibody monitoring and HLA-B27 detection. It is concluded that flow cytometry is a useful multi-parametric analytical tool, yielding clinical benefit especially in the identification of patients at risk of early transplant rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

High-resolution histocompatibility testing of a group of sixteen B44-positive, ABDR serologically matched unrelated donor-recipient pairs. Analysis of serologically undisclosed incompatibilities by cellular techniques, isoelectrofocusing, and HLA oligotyping.

We have characterized HLA incompatibilities in a group of 16 B44-positive patients who were serologically ABDR matched with their 23 (unrelated) potential bone marrow donors. After analysis with a combination of cellular techniques, IEF for HLA-A/B and oligotyping for class II and HLA-B44, 44% of the patients revealed one or more HLA incompatibility with at least one of their potential donors. CTL activity was detected in 12 of the 22 combinations tested. CTL incompatibility occurred more frequently in DR subtype-mismatched combinations, but CTL reactivity was always directed against class I. To characterize these incompatibilities between matched unrelated individuals, we analyzed the specificity of T-cell clones from seven primary CTL cultures. In three combinations, CTL reactivity was directed against a subtype of B44. In two combinations, the CTL reactivity was directed against a non-B44 class I subtype. In two of seven combinations, the CTLs recognized an antigen that, though unconditionally associated with B4403, was expressed by 60% of the B4403+ cells only. Because all 12 of these B4403+ targets recognized could be typed for one HLA-C allele only (Cwl-Cw8), we believe that this alloreactivity might be directed against a serologically undefined Cw antigen.

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