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PubMed2001

N(2)-Broadening for Methyl Chloride at Low Temperature by Diode-Laser Spectroscopy.

Using a tunable diode-laser spectrometer, we have measured N(2)-broadening coefficients of 87 individual rovibrational lines in the P and R branches of the nu(3) band of methyl chloride (CH(3)(35)Cl) at 203.2 K. These lines with J values ranging from 2 to 22 and K from 0 to 6 are located in the range 711-751 cm(-1). Most of the collisional widths are obtained by modeling the spectral region from the superposition of overlapping Voigt or Rautian profiles. We have reviewed and completed previous measurements of N(2)-broadening coefficients at room temperature in the nu(3) band, in order to compare them to the low-temperature data. A semiclassical calculation, including electrostatic, induction, and dispersion energy contributions, has provided results that are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data at room temperature, but generally larger than the data at low temperature for small or medium J values. The temperature dependence of the collisional broadenings derived from a simple power law has been determined both experimentally and theoretically. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Methyl chloride.

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Animals↗
PubMed1990

Methyl chloride transferase: a carbocation route for biosynthesis of halometabolites.

Enzymatic synthesis of methyl halides through an S-adenosyl methionine transfer mechanism has been detected in cell extracts of Phellinus promaceus (a white rot fungus), Endocladia muricata (a marine red algae), and Mesembryanthemum crystallium (ice plant). This mechanism represents a novel pathway for the formation of halometabolites. The Michaelis constants for chloride and bromide ion and for S-adenosyl methionine in the reaction have been determined for the enzyme from E. muricata. A recent survey of marine algae indicates that there may be a broad distribution of this enzyme among marine algae.

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed1997

Immune system alteration in the rat after indirect exposure to methyl mercury chloride or methyl mercury sulfide.

Methyl mercury is a well-recognized health hazard. It is an environmental contaminant that accumulates in the food chain. The primary source of mercury exposure for humans is through the consumption of contaminated fish. We studied the effects of indirect methyl mercury exposure on the immune system of Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of different forms of methyl mercury on immune system development were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats at 6 and 12 weeks of age. Rats were indirectly exposed to mercury during gestation and during nursing by exposing pregnant rats to either 5 or 500 micrograms/liter of methyl mercury chloride (CH3HgCl) or 5 micrograms/liter of methyl mercury sulfide [(CH3Hg)2S] in their drinking water. Total body, splenic, and thymic weights were measured, and NK cell cytolytic activity and lymphoproliferative response to T and B cell mitogens were evaluated in the offspring. At 6 weeks of age, total body and splenic weights were significantly increased in both high- and low-dose methyl mercury chloride-exposed groups. Rats exposed to methyl mercury sulfide had a significant increase in thymic weight at 6 weeks of age. At 12 weeks, the total body and organ weights were not different from controls. The lymphocyte proliferative response of splenocytes to PWM was enhanced at 6 weeks in both CH3HgCl exposed groups and not affected in the (CH3Hg)2S exposed group. NK cell activity was not affected in either group at 6 weeks of age. At age 12 weeks, NK cell activity was statistically significantly decreased by 56.6% in both CH3HgCl-exposed groups and not affected in the (CH3Hg)2S-exposed rats. The lymphocyte proliferative response of splenocytes to the B cell mitogen pokeweed remained increased in the CH3HgCl groups. Indirect exposure of rats (during gestation and nursing) to different forms of methyl mercury reveals that chloride forms have prolonged predominantly enhancing effects on lymphoproliferative response of splenocytes, followed by significant depression of NK cell activity.

Animals↗