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Results for “MONITORING SYSTEMS”

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PubMed1990

Rapid detection and size determination of PuO2 particles using a charged-particle imaging video monitor system.

A charged-particle imaging video monitor system was constructed and applied to video imaging of the position profile of PuO2 particles on filter paper. The imaging video monitor system consists of a detector head, a silicon intensifier target (SIT) camera, a video frame memory, and a personal computer. The system can display the distribution image of PuO2 particles becoming gradually clearer on a video monitor. The integrated image that is transferred to the computer is analyzed quantitatively for the radioactivity of each PuO2 particle deposited on the filter paper. The system can not only rapidly distinguish PuO2 particle contamination from Rn daughter products, but can also determine the size distribution of the PuO2 particles.

Particle Size↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficacy, diagnostic utility and tolerance of intraesophageal pH ambulatory determination with wireless pH-testing monitoring system].

BACKGROUND: Conventional catheter-based esophageal pH monitoring system produce discomfort and interference with normal activities and diet. An alternative is the wireless pH system which is more comfortable and offers extended recording periods. OBJECTIVE: To know the performance, the clinical utility and tolerability of wireless pH 48 h-monitoring system. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-one consecutive patients were randomized for conventional or wireless pH-testing. Successful placement of monitoring devices and data collection were evaluated. Frequency of pathologic gastroesophageal reflux was registred with both methods. A questionnaire was applied in all the cases to know the frequency of discomfort, interference with normal activities and diet related to the study. RESULTS: Conventional catheter-based pH-testing was performed in 21 patients and wireless system in 20. Successful placement of pH capsule was achieved in 20 of 22 patients and 48-h pH studies were completed in all of them. Pathologic gastroesophageal reflux was more frequently detected in the wireless system group (15 vs. 9 patients, p = NS). Ambulatory esophageal pH testing was well tolerated with both techniques. Chest discomfort was more frequently observed in the wireless group (11 vs. 2 patients, p = 0.005, RM 11.6, IC 95% 2.1-63.7). CONCLUSIONS: Ambulatory pH-monitoring wireless system is an efficient and well tolerated method which could detect a high proportion of subjects with pathologic reflux in comparison with conventional system.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Twelve questions to ask about your outcomes monitoring system--Part II.

Commercial and customized outcomes monitoring systems designed to assess the results of care, whether clinical outcomes or resource use, are not all of equal value or equally appropriate for every use. In creating each system, its developers had to make critical decisions about such matters as definitions of outcomes for study, selection of patients, selection of data elements, methods and timing of data collection, and method of analysis and reporting. Each system represents a unique set of choices that were made. This series of two articles presents answers to 12 questions that will help users understand the basic workings of an outcomes monitoring system--to be able to distinguish good systems from the mediocre and the bad, and to make wise use of a system already in operation. In addition to the six questions presented in the April 1994 issue of Physician Executive, the following six questions are of critical importance in determining a system's value to you and your organization.

Data Collection↗

PubMed2003

Practical field application of a novel BOD monitoring system.

A biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) monitoring system, based on electrochemically-active bacteria in combination with a microbial fuel cell, has been developed for the purpose of on-site, on-line and real-time monitoring of practical wastewater. A microbial fuel cell that had been enriched with electrochemically-active bacteria was used as the basis of the measurement system. When synthetic wastewater was fed to the system, the current generation pattern and its Coulombic yield were found to be dependent on the BOD5 of the synthetic wastewater. A linear correlation between the Coulombic yields and the BOD5 of the synthetic wastewater were established. Real wastewater obtained from a sewage treatment plant also produced a highly linear correlation between the Coulombic yield and BOD5 in the system. To examine on-site, on-line and real-time monitoring capability, the BOD monitoring system was installed at a sewage treatment plant. Over 60 days, the measurement system was successfully operated with high accuracy and good stability with the measuring period for a sample being 45 min. This application showed that the application of the measurement system was a rapid and practical way for the determination of BOD5 in water industries.

Automation↗

PubMed1984

National Nutrition Monitoring System: a congressional perspective.

A national nutrition monitoring system can serve as a basic epidemiological tool necessary to examine the linkages between food consumption patterns, nutritional status, and health status. The major component of the 1981 Joint Implementation Plan for a Comprehensive National Nutrition Monitoring System (NNMS) includes the interlocking of the study design and data analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Nationwide Food Consumption Survey to begin in 1987. Congress needs the information from the NNMS to formulate and evaluate the consequences of nutrition and health policies, regulations, and programs.

Diet Surveys↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Realtime measurement of stroke volume--an adaptive monitoring system and its application.

A variety of monitoring systems is available for special fields of clinical application and scientific research. Whenever requirements change data acquisition and handling of signal analysis have to be adapted or even completely new structured, especially in real-time applications. This can be a time consuming procedure. In order to be able to focus on the development of algorithms without taking care how data are acquired a monitoring system has been developed which can be adjusted in terms of signal acquisition, analysis and user handling. New algorithms can be added and polygraphical presentation of results can be adjusted for special clinical requirements. As a specific application the online and real time calculation left ventricular ejection time (LVEJT), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), mean blood pressure and total peripheral resistance (TPRI) is presented.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2001

A fence line noble gas monitoring system for nuclear power plants.

A noble gas monitoring system has been installed at Ontario Power Generation's Pickering Nuclear Generating Station (PNGS) near Toronto, Canada. This monitoring system allows a direct measure of air kerma from external radiation instead of calculating this based on plant emission data and meteorological models. This has resulted in a reduction in the reported effective dose from external radiation by a factor of at least ten. The system consists of nine self-contained units, each with a 7.6 cm x 7.6 cm (3 inch x 3 inch) NaI(TI) detector that is calibrated for air kerma. The 512-channel gamma ray spectral information is downloaded daily from each unit to a central computer where the data are stored and processed. A spectral stripping procedure is used to remove natural background variations from the spectral windows used to monitor xenon-133 (133Xe), xenon-135 (135Xe), argon-41 (41Ar), and skyshine radiation from the use of radiography sources. Typical monthly minimum detection limits in air kerma are 0.3 nGy for 133Xe, 0.7 nGy for 35Xe, 3 nGy for 41Ar and 2 nGy for skyshine radiation. Based on 9 months of continuous operation, the annualised air kerma due to 133Xe, 135Xe and 41Ar and skyshine radiation were 7 nGy, 8 nGy, 26 nGy and 107 nGy respectively.

Air↗

PubMed2000

Realizing your resources. Implementing an enterprise-wide patient monitoring system begins with making the most of what you have.

UNLABELLED: St. Luke's Shawnee Mission Health System Kansas City, Mo. PROBLEM: Antiquated patient monitoring system led to personnel frustrations, limited reach of expertise and late detection of health concerns. SOLUTION: Implementing an enterprise-wide patient monitoring system. RESULTS: Patients monitored more closely, increased collaboration, reduction of patient transfers and lengths of stay, higher staff morale and patient satisfaction. KEYS TO SUCCESS: Replacing the system altogether, not upgrading existing stand-alone system.

Delivery of Health Care, Integrated↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of a monitoring system for radiodiagnostic devices].

The authors review the possibilities of the application of the "man-machine" theory to the radiodiagnostic unit. Show implementation of the theory with special reference to the basic purpose of the unit RENA 50-6 MP equipped with the microprocessor system of monitoring.

Man-Machine Systems↗

PubMed1998

Measurement of anticonvulsant adherence behaviour in the community using a Medication Events Monitoring System (MEMS)

The Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) is a relatively new device designed to overcome some of the disadvantages of traditional adherence-measuring techniques. MEMS has also been found useful in tracking adherence behaviour without the need to visit patients frequently. In this study each patient was given a pre-filled, labelled MEMS bottle and cap. Patients were monitored for 24 weeks. For patients specifically studied, there were periods when drug levels may have been low and some exhibited erratic medication-taking behaviour. It is concluded that MEMS can measure adherence behaviour objectively, and so might be used to improve prescribing decisions, identify drug wastage and improve carer support. Further research is needed before the routine use of electronic medication monitoring can be recommended.

Anticonvulsants↗

PubMed2004

Implementation of a computer-assisted monitoring system for the detection of adverse drug reactions in gastroenterology.

AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of a computer monitoring system that detects adverse drug reactions (ADRs) by laboratory signals in gastroenterology. METHODS: A prospective, 6-month, pharmaco-epidemiological survey was carried out on a gastroenterological ward at the University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg. Two methods were used to identify ADRs. (i) All charts were reviewed daily by physicians and clinical pharmacists. (ii) A computer monitoring system generated a daily list of automatic laboratory signals and alerts of ADRs, including patient data and dates of events. RESULTS: One hundred and nine ADRs were detected in 474 admissions (377 patients). The computer monitoring system generated 4454 automatic laboratory signals from 39 819 laboratory parameters tested, and issued 2328 alerts, 914 (39%) of which were associated with ADRs; 574 (25%) were associated with ADR-positive admissions. Of all the alerts generated, signals of hepatotoxicity (1255), followed by coagulation disorders (407) and haematological toxicity (207), were prevalent. Correspondingly, the prevailing ADRs were concerned with the metabolic and hepato-gastrointestinal system (61). The sensitivity was 91%: 69 of 76 ADR-positive patients were indicated by an alert. The specificity of alerts was increased from 23% to 76% after implementation of an automatic laboratory signal trend monitoring algorithm. CONCLUSION: This study shows that a computer monitoring system is a useful tool for the systematic and automated detection of ADRs in gastroenterological patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[The development of a central monitor system for fetus].

A central monitor system for fetus is described. It is a network composed of a central machine and several fetal monitors. The monitors are connected to the central machine by special lines within hospital and by phone line outside hospital.

Cardiotocography↗

PubMed2003

A feasibility study on the predictive emission monitoring system applied to the Hsinta power plant of Taiwan Power Company.

The continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) can monitor flue gas emissions continuously and instantaneously. However, it has the disadvantages of enormous cost, easily producing errors in sampling periods of bad weather, lagging response in variable ambient environments, and missing data in daily zero and span tests and maintenance. The concept of a predictive emission monitoring system (PEMS) is to use the operating parameters of combustion equipment through thermodynamic or statistical methods to construct a mathematic model that can predict emissions by a computer program. The goal of this study is to set up a PEMS in a gas-fired combined cycle power generation unit at the Hsinta station of Taiwan Power Co. The emissions to be monitored include nitrogen oxides (NOx) and oxygen (O2) in flue gas. The major variables of the predictive model were determined based on the combustion theory. The data of these variables then were analyzed to establish a regression model. From the regression results, the influences of these variables are discussed and the predicted values are compared with the CEMS data for accuracy. In addition, according to the cost information, the capital and operation and maintenance costs for a PEMS can be much lower than those for a CEMS.

Automation↗

PubMed2005

A novel continuous subcutaneous lactate monitoring system.

A novel continuous lactate monitoring system has been developed modifying the GlucoDay portable medical device (A. Menarini Diagnostics), already present in the European market, and used to continuously measure glucose levels. Lactate oxidase based biosensors have been developed immobilising the enzyme on nylon net and placing it on a Pt electrode. The biosensor was connected to the portable device provided with a micro-pump and coupled to a microdialysis system. It is capable to record subcutaneous lactate every 3 min. In vitro analytical results confirmed that the sensors respond linearly in the interval of concentration between 0.1 and 10 mmol/L, covering the whole physiological range. During prolonged monitoring periods, the response of the biosensors remained stable, showing a limited drift of 8%, within 60 h. Stability tests are still on route. However, preliminary results have shown a shelf life of about 10 months. In vivo experiments performed on healthy rabbits have demonstrated the good accuracy and reproducibility of the system. A correlation coefficient equal to 0.9547 (N=80) was found, which represents a good correlation between the GlucoDay and the laboratory reference analyser. A 16 h in vivo monitoring on a healthy volunteer has been also performed.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

The development of a sub-surface monitoring system for organic contamination in soils and groundwater.

A major problem when dealing with environmental contamination is the early detection and subsequent surveillance of the contamination. This paper describes the potential of sub-surface sensor technology for the early detection of organic contaminants in contaminated soils, sediments, and landfill sites. Rugged, low-power hydrocarbon sensors have been developed, along with a data-logging system, for the early detection of phase hydrocarbons in soil. Through laboratory-based evaluation, the ability of this system to monitor organic contamination in water-based systems is being evaluated. When used in conjunction with specific immunoassays, this can provide a sensitive and low-cost solution for long-term monitoring and analysis, applicable to a wide range of field applications.

Environmental Monitoring↗

PubMed1988

Productivity monitoring systems in hospitals: a work group focus.

Details of the process for installing a productivity monitoring system are presented in action research terms. This process is based on the assumption that alterations in a hospital's productivity focus are based on the linkage of improvements in work unit productivity to the reward system. This article develops a model and identifies key process issues for each step in the model. Important behavioral and attitudinal changes that are associated with each step are highlighted. The role of top hospital management in facilitating an alignment between organizational structure, work systems, and productivity improvement is discussed. The potential problems in establishing a productivity monitoring system are presented. The discussion concludes by noting the prerequisites to improving hospital efficiency through productivity monitoring systems.

Behavior Therapy↗

PubMed1996

[A hematologic coagulation monitoring system for bedside use].

Perioperative hemorrhage in patients undergoing surgery is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. DRIHEMATO SYSTEM COAG-1 can detect prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen (FIB) easily. We combined this monitor with platelet count (PLT), activated clotting time (ACT) and thromboelastography (TEG) and devised a hematologic monitoring system for bedside use. This study of 10 adults undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass was conducted to determine the utility of this monitoring system. The specificity for lotting abnormality of this monitoring system included the following values; PT = 88%, FIB = 100% and TEG = 67%. This study suggests that this monitoring system may be useful in early diagnosis and treatment of postoperative coagulopathy.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

An evaluation of an intelligent home monitoring system.

A trial was performed of an intelligent monitoring system which used sensors in the home to identify emergencies by detecting deviations from normal activity patterns. The field trial lasted three months. Twenty-two elderly people agreed to participate. Their ages ranged from early 60s to over 85, with two-thirds in the age range 75-84 years. They lived in four different localities within the UK--Ipswich, Northumberland, Merseyside and Nottingham. A total of 61 alerts was recorded, at a mean frequency about one alert per month per client. Of the 61 alerts generated, 46 were classified as false alerts and the other 15 as genuine, although no real emergencies occurred during the study. Many people in the field trial reported enhanced feelings of safety and security, which could help to stimulate independence and help them to remain living in their own homes. The monitoring system increased the care choices available to elderly people and supported and enhanced the carer's role.

Aged↗