[Mouth protector Air Duct].
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Dental Cavity Preparation↗
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Results for “MOUTH PROTECTORS”
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Dental and facial injuries in international field hockey.
In many respects international sportsmen are trendsetters for the behaviour of recreational sportsmen. For this reason the attitude of international hockey players towards mouth protectors was studied. The possession and use of mouth protectors vary markedly between different countries. The incidence of dental-facial traumas among international field hockey players is high; 54% had sustained injuries necessitating a visit to a physician and/or a dentist. Of these victims 20% sustained serious dental damage at least once (women 16% and men 22%). Only 20% of the international players wear a mouth protector consistently during training and matches. Women use the apparatus almost twice as much as men. The main argument in rejecting a mouth protector is that it is not felt to be necessary.
Asia↗
Knowledge and attitudes of coaches of secondary school athletes in Ibadan, Nigeria regarding oro-facial injuries and mouthguard use by the athletes.
- The objective of this study was to assess the perceptions of secondary school sports' coaches about oro-facial injuries and mouth protector usage in sports by the adolescent athletes. A 10-item, self-completion questionnaire was distributed to 42 coaches from 23 secondary schools randomly selected from different parts of Ibadan city in Nigeria between May and June, 2002. The questionnaire sought information on why a mouth protector (mouthguard) is used, when it is required; the types of mouth protector used, the major reasons for choosing a specific mouth protector, and personal feeling as to whether mouthguards prevent oral injury. Descriptive statistics were used for the data while the chi-square statistic was employed to test the significance of association between variables. All the coaches, 25 (59.5%) males and 17 (40.5%) females with age range of 19-51 years and mean age of 38.07 +/- 8.97 years (mean +/- SD), completed and returned the forms (100% completion rate). 95.2% of the coaches believed that mouthguards prevent oral injuries and 95.2% of them also would like more information on different types of mouthguard, while 4.8% each felt otherwise. The main factor determining the choice of the type of mouthguard for athletes by the coaches was the quality of oral protection (57.1%), and the next was the cost (23.8%). Acceptance of mouthguard was scored as positive by 88.1% of the athletes. 81.0% of the coaches felt that mouthguard should be worn at all times (during practices and competitions) while 19.0% would prefer the use during competitions only. The majority of the coaches (71.4%) believed that boxing needs mouthguards, 2.4% each indicated football (soccer) and Judo while 11.9% of the coaches did not indicate any sport. The majority of these Nigerian coaches agreed on the protective effectiveness of mouthguard against sport-related oro-facial injuries, but they are yet to be adequately informed about mouthguards generally so as to correctly advise and influence these adolescent athletes in this regard.
Adolescent↗
Protection of patients' teeth during surgical procedures.
Trauma to the teeth, gums and dental restorations during medical procedures can be avoided by the use of a mouth protector. Three types of material are discussed and the techniques for manufacture and use are described. Two of the types are available from the manufacturer as preformed U-shaped 'shells', while the third type was manufactured especially for this study on randomly selected maxillary models of different sizes. All three types of mouth protector proved to be successful over the limited period employed in this study. Minor adjustments can be made to some of the mouth protectors for better durability and comfort. More research is needed on many more patients before the effectiveness of the different types of mouth protector can be finally assessed.
Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
Prosthetic treatment for chemical burns of the oral cavity.
Chemical burns of the mouth, pharynx, and digestive passages have been reviewed in regard to the nature of the injury and wound description. Fabrication of custom mouth protectors to minimize oral scar contracture and its sequelae has been described. Mouth protectors provide flexible but active resistance to the forces of scar contracture and avoid a constant unyielding force that could cause pressure necrosis. Protectors are easy to fabricate and adjust, and permit movement and function of the injured area.
Burns, Chemical↗
An evaluation of mouthguard programs in Texas high school football.
Recent publications have indicated the interest in and controversy surrounding mouth protectors in sports dentistry. Mouth protection for athletes has been and continues to be dentistry's contribution to sports. Perhaps no other item of protective equipment is more effective in reducing injury to football players than a mouthguard. Although protection is no longer doubtful when a mouthguard is worn, there are still many mouthguards used that are not acceptable to the athletes in terms of comfort, durability, and speech. It is the responsibility of the dental profession to develop and dispense the best mouthguards available. From the present study it may be concluded that a properly constructed custom-made mouthguard will minimize the common complaints coaches and trainers have concerning mouthguards. It is apparent that more education about the types of mouthguards, their merits, and their availability is needed.
Athletic Injuries↗
[Facial and tooth injuries during the practice of sports].
The value of mouth protectors in the prevention of facial and dental injuries was investigated in seven different sports. 5300 sportsmen filled in a written questionnaire. The replies provided information on the number of facial and dental injuries that occur annually in the Netherlands. The use of mouth protectors was also recorded.
Athletic Injuries↗
Trauma to the oral cavity.
Sports events, particularly those in which mouth protectors are not commonly used, can be associated with injuries to the oral structures. While the incidence of sports-related orofacial injuries is not as high as for other traumatic events, the incidence could be reduced further by increased use of mouth and face protection. When injuries occur, quick action by primary health care providers can significantly improve the final outcome of the definitive treatment. Also important is appropriate follow-up evaluation and care since the effect of trauma on teeth is not always immediately apparent. Destructive resorption, unnecessary tooth loss, and possible alveolar infections may be prevented by referral to appropriate health care providers for evaluation following the initial urgent care of trauma patients.
Athletic Injuries↗
The incidence of orofacial injuries in sports: a pilot study in Illinois.
This pilot study of sports-related injuries in Illinois confirms that football players do not encounter orofacial injuries as often as other athletes. The authors attribute this to mandatory use of faceguards and mouth protectors in football and recommend that mouthguards be used by all players of contact sports.
Athletic Injuries↗
Dental injuries, temporomandibular disorders, and caries in wrestlers.
The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of dental injuries, temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and dental caries in a group of champion wrestlers. Twenty-six male wrestlers, with a mean age of 23 yr, and an age-matched control group participated in the study. A questionnaire was used with questions on trauma, frequency of headache, intensity of practicing sports, use of sugar-containing "sports drinks", use of mouth guards, and previous TMD problems. Four bitewing radiographs were taken in all subjects. In addition, three intraoral apical radiographs of maxillary and mandibular frontal regions were taken in the wrestlers. The number of existing teeth, dental caries, amount and type of restorations, and dental injuries were recorded. Examination of the stomatognathic system comprised bilateral palpation of the masseter and temporal muscles and temporomandibular joints, and evaluation of the mandibular movements. None of the subjects had drunk sports drinks or worn mouth protectors regularly. The wrestlers had more frequent and severe dental injuries localized to the frontal region of the maxilla than the controls. No statistical differences were found in the prevalence of caries or TMD between the groups.
Adolescent↗
Oro-facial injury and mouthguard usage by athletes in Nigeria.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of awareness concerning mouthguard use for sports as well as the amount and type of oro-facial trauma associated with sporting activities among Nigerian athletes. DESIGN: A questionnaire survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire was completed by 273 athletes (91% completion rate) who participated in the National Sports festival in May 2002 in Benin City, Nigeria. The sample was representative of all the 36 states in Nigeria including the Federal capital territory, Abuja. Descriptive statistics were employed and the data were further analysed using the chi-square test. RESULTS: Awareness concerning mouthguards was claimed by 226 (82.8%) of the athletes but significantly fewer athletes who claimed awareness of the devices were using them. Only 93 (41.2%) of this mouthguard-aware group knew of the three types of mouthguard available. Of all the respondents, 131 (48.0%) believed that wearing mouthguards would reduce the prevalence and/or severity of oro-facial injuries during sports. In all, 158 (57.9%) of them had one form of oro-facial injury or the other with contact sports accounting for most of them (78.5%) while 21.5% resulted from non-contact events. The prevalence of oro-facial injuries was significantly lower while wearing mouth protectors. CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of the athletes claimed awareness of mouthguards, less than one-third used them. Over half of the athletes were not sure that mouthguards could reduce the prevalence and/or severity of oro-facial injuries. There is need to educate the athletes more concerning mouthguards.
Adolescent↗
A technique for construction of dynamic oral commissure retractors.
Microstomia may result from congenital defects, trauma, or surgery. Regardless of the etiology, the scar contracture can result in deformities that produce esthetic and functional disturbances. The literature described the use of static and dynamic commissure retractors. This article describes a technique for constructing commissure retractors from resilient mouth protector material reinforced with stainless steel wire. The tension of the commissure retractors is controlled with elastic bands attached to an orthodontic neck strap. The use of the retractor and the need for careful follow-up are addressed. The dynamic commissure retractors described have been used clinically with success. Research is required to quantify the qualitative and quantitative improvements in reducing microstomia with these retractors.
Cicatrix↗
Using mouthguards to reduce the incidence and severity of sports-related oral injuries.
BACKGROUND: This report reviews the available literature on the types and properties of athletic mouthguards, current fabrication methods and the role of mouth protectors in reducing the incidence and severity of sports-related oral injuries. OVERVIEW: For more than 50 years, the American Dental Association has promoted the protective value of wearing properly fitted mouthguards while participating in athletic or recreational activities that carry a risk of dental injury. Safety is essential to maintaining oral health, and a properly fitted mouthguard can minimize the risks of sustaining oral injuries during participation in sports. CONCLUSIONS: The dental literature supports the use and protective value of mouthguards in reducing sports-related injuries to the teeth and soft tissues. Dentists are encouraged to educate patients regarding the risks of oral injury in sports, fabricate properly fitted mouthguards, and provide appropriate guidance on mouthguard types and their protective properties, costs and benefits. Further studies addressing the effectiveness of currently available mouthguard types and population-based interventions for reducing oral injuries are recommended. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Participants in sporting and recreational activities are often susceptible to oral injury. To reduce the incidence and severity of sports-related oral trauma, the use of a properly fitted mouthguard is recommended in any athletic or recreational activity that carries a risk of injury.
American Dental Association↗
Physiological effects of wearing mouthguards.
Mouthguards are considered by most authorities to be an essential part of equipment for players participating in body-contact sports. Mouthguards provide excellent dental protection but not all players use them, complaining of breathing difficulties and problems with speaking. Although information exists concerning dental trauma and mouth protector use, there are no reported data that quantify the physiological effects of wearing mouthguards. The purpose of this study was to measure the ventilatory and gas exchange effects of wearing a mouthguard. Ten healthy men and seven women aged 20-36 years (mean(s.d.) 27.2(5.2) years) were used as subjects. Forced expiratory air volume at 1 s (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rates (PEF) were measured on each subject while wearing either no mouthguard or one of three different over-the-counter mouthguards including one maxillary (mouthguard 1) and two different bimaxillary guards (mouthguards 2 and 3). To determine the effects of wearing each of the mouthguards during exercise, oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured while exercising on a cycle ergometer for 5 min at a light and heavy workload. An ANOVA of repeated measures was used to determine statistical differences. In each case, the wearing of a mouthguard significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced FEV1 and PEF in comparison with no mouthguard. FEV1 was reduced 8% with mouthguard 1, and 12% and 14% with mouthguards 2 and 3 respectively. PEF was reduced by 7, 15 and 15.8% with mouthguards 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The wearing of the different mouthguards did not significantly change VO2 while exercising at the lower work level whereas VO2 was significantly ( P < 0.05) reduced at the heavier workload. This surprising reduction in VO2 during heavy exercise may be due to a 'pursed-lip' type of breathing which has been shown to decrease CO2 tension, increase oxygenation and exercise tolerance. It can be concluded that although mouthguards may be perceptably uncomfortable and restrict forced expiratory air flow, they appear to be beneficial in prolonging exercise by improving ventilation and economy.
Adult↗
MOUTHGUARDS: AN ESSENTIAL PIECE OF EQUIPMENT.
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Humans↗
The use and construction of mouth and tooth protectors for contact sports.
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England↗