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PubMed1987

[Evaluation of the control quality of arterial hypertension over a 10-year period at a hemodialysis center].

Using the "Diaphane" computed medical record system enables multicentric statistical studies to be conducted. With this system, the quality of arterial hypertension control (supine systolic and diastolic arterial pressure before and after dialysis) was evaluated over a 10-year period in chronic haemodialysis patients in comparison with a multicentric population. A continuous statistical study of the results showed a regular voluntary decrease in arterial pressure. The evaluation of the quality of medical care represented by this comparison contributes to a therapeutic improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Study of the utilization of health services in a rural region of southern Africa. Contribution of the computer].

Primary health care systems have to be regularly evaluated to ensure their proper management and plans to assess whether community health needs are satisfactorily met. Data required for such an evaluation are complex but an approach can be made through the indicators of health services utilisation. The processing of such informations can and should be computerised, regarding the constantly decreasing cost and the drastic help of this technic. The author presents his experience in a remote region of Southern Africa which has a regular and reliable record of services' utilisation. Three examples of the utility of such processed information are given.

Africa, Southern↗
PubMed1989

Efficient storage of urodynamic signals by computer: application of FAN adaptive sampling.

Digital storage of urodynamic signals such as detrusor pressure and flowrate at a sufficiently high sampling rate (10 samples per second) to allow subsequent analysis requires considerable computer memory. A procedure for compressing these data by deleting redundant samples (the fan method of adaptive sampling) was tested. The method allows a flexible adaptation to specific hardware and a compromise between storage requirements and accuracy. In this study the number of samples required for adequate reconstruction of the detrusor pressure signal could be varied from 80% to 4% of the original number of samples by varying the average difference between reconstructed and original signal from 0.01 to 2 cm H2O. Fast components of the measurements (for example cough peaks) which were lost if a lower sampling rate or averaging was used to obtain equally low storage requirements were unaffected by this compression technique.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

Automated analysis of medical text. II. Cognitive strategy.

In a previous paper, the authors described three paradigms applicable to automated medical text analysis. In this paper, the relative importance of the three paradigms is discussed, viz. the relative value of the linguistic word categorization, the semantic paradigm, and the medical fact delineation. The strategy adopted was to limit the linguistic disambiguation and apply probabilistic rules, in order to speed up the analytic process.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1989

Querying medical databases in an environment offering logical data independence.

Medical information systems are becoming popular. Furthermore, their use is expected to be expanded in future. In order to easily extract information from the underlying databases, easy to use man-machine interfaces are required. This paper concerns the doctor interface of the ARPIA medical information system based on a relational database management system. The whole system is currently used inside the Outpatient Pediatric Clinic of the Catholic University of Rome, Italy. The interface provides logical data independence towards the underlying relational database. The paper contains some background about this kind of interfaces, and also, it sketches the software architecture of the implemented prototype.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed1989

Computer education of undergraduate medical students: a 2-year experience.

Computer literacy will become a necessity for doctors in the near future, as computer applications for clinical medicine are gradually developed and successfully implemented in the medical environment. Two years ago we began an optional course on computer systems for first-year medical students, as part of the biostatistics course at the University of Lisbon. The results of this experience show that computer education should be well adapted to the needs of students, and educators must continuously evaluate the students' reaction and anticipate the need for sudden changes in the course structure, which are often necessary to capture students' attention.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed1988

An application of the Markov process for quantitative prediction of labor progress.

To quantitatively predict the progress of labor, we devised a mathematical model suitable for the Markov process. Included were 625 primiparas who went into spontaneous labor between 37 and 41 weeks of gestation with a cephalic presentation. When applying the Markov process, the sequence of labor was divided into eight categories from 4 cm cervical dilatation to delivery of the baby. Based on all data collected, a transition matrix was calculated, using a microcomputer system, in which the value in each element showed the percent of probability of progression in labor from one given state to another over a 30-minute period. This matrix was found to be available for evaluating the course of labor in clinical practise with a good predictive value and therefore the Markov process could be confirmed to be actually applicable as an analytical model.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

PACS in practice: the status of the PACS project at the St. Radboud University Hospital. Part B. A digital image archive: information analysis and development.

In accordance with the bottom-up approach in the field of the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS), a pilot study was performed with regard to the archiving of digital diagnostic images. A prototype has been developed to determine what information has to be stored in the digital archive and what requirements the users have in accessing these data. Firstly an organization analysis of the department of diagnostic radiology with respect to the archiving of images was performed. A variant of the ISAC method was used for this purpose. This resulted in a set of activity diagrams. Thereafter an information analysis was performed according to the Nijssen Informal Analysis Method (NIAM). This resulted in a Conceptual Schema (CS). Two other prototypes of relational Image Database Management Systems (IDBMS) are described and a description of a general modular structure of an IDBMS is given. By means of a Prototype of a Digital Archive (PDA) the department of diagnostic radiology was shown what might be expected from a digital archive and how the information will be presented to the users.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed1992

Probability estimation for biomedical classification problems.

Suppose that we wish to know the probability that an object belongs to a class. For example, we may wish to estimate the probability that a patient has a particular disease, given a set of symptoms, or we may wish to know the probability that a novel peptide binds to a receptor, given the peptide's amino-acid composition. The conventional approach is to first use a classification algorithm to find partitions in feature space and to assign each partition to a class, and then to estimate the conditional probabilities as the proportion of patients or peptides that are correctly and incorrectly classified in each partition. Unfortunately, this estimation method often gives probability estimates that are in error by 20% or more, and thus can cause incorrect decisions. We have implemented and compared alternative methods. In Monte Carlo simulations the alternative methods are substantially more accurate than is the current method.

Epidemiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality control in a medical information system.

Quality assurance techniques provide an opportunity to identify sources of error and to provide the feedback necessary to prevent their repetition. The authors outline an effort to define the steps required for effective quality management procedures in a computerized medical information system (MIS). The computerized management of medical information can be used not only to enhance current quality management activities but also to extend the realm of quality assurance to areas that have heretofore resisted management. Quality-management techniques have the potential for measuring and improving medical decision making processes central to patient care.

Abstracting and Indexing↗