PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Menstrual Cycle--changes”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Hormonal and menstrual changes after laparoscopic sterilization by Falope-rings or Filshie-clips.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of laparoscopic sterilization by Falope-rings (Cabot Medical Corp., Langhorne, PA) or Filshie-clips (Femcare, Nottingham, United Kingdom) on menstrual pattern and ovulatory function. DESIGN: A prospective, nonrandomized study of women sterilized by Falope-rings (n = 6) or Filshie-clips (n = 5). Menstrual charts were kept. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were measured by means of radioimmunoassay in one cycle before and 3, 6, and 12 months after the sterilization. Blood samples were drawn on day -6, -2, 0, +6, +10 of the menstrual cycle, ovulation corresponding to day 0. The women sterilized by Filshie-clips had abdominal ultrasonography of the ovaries measuring the leading follicle on day -6, -2, 0, +6 of the menstrual cycle. PATIENTS: Twelve women, 25 to 38 years old, with regular menstrual cycles and no use of oral contraceptives or intrauterine contraceptive device at least 6 months before sterilization. One woman was excluded. RESULTS: After the sterilization, all women reported unchanged menstrual pattern. The follicular rise in E2 unchanged, and FSH levels fell accordingly. Progesterone levels were ovulatory, but the midluteal P peak 3 months poststerilization was significantly decreased. Serial abdominal ultrasonography in women sterilized by Filshie-clips confirmed ovulation in all cycles except in one woman, who had an unruptured follicle in one cycle before and in the sixth cycle after sterilization. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic sterilization by Falope-rings or Filshie-clips does not seem to interfere with menstrual pattern or ovulatory function.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acceptance and perceptions of NORPLANT among users in San Francisco, USA.

Two hundred and five women participating in a five-year clinical trial of NORPLANT and NORPLANT-2 were interviewed about their contraceptive and reproductive history, sources of information and knowledge of NORPLANT, experiences using the method, and the impressions of friends and family about the method. The most common reasons for trying the implants were dissatisfaction with other methods and perceptions about NORPLANT's ease of use. Forty-one percent of acceptors had anxiety prior to insertion; 49 percent of these feared pain, but only 5 percent said that they actually experienced significant pain. Women also feared implant removal, but their fear did not influence their decision to continue or discontinue use, and 74 percent reported little or no pain at removal. Most of the women were pleased with NORPLANT, although 95 percent reported side effects, with 82 percent reporting changes in menstruation. More than one-half of those women who discontinued reported that they would use the implants again. Seventy-four percent of the current users interviewed said they would like to use the implants in the future. For the women enrolled in the clinical trial, NORPLANT appeared to be a highly acceptable method of contraception, despite the frequent occurrence of bothersome side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Bleeding patterns and acceptability among Norplant users in Singapore.

Norplant contraceptive implants are silastic implants containing levonorgestrel. This study describes our experience with 100 acceptors of NORPLANT implants in Singapore. No pregnancies occurred during the first year of use. The majority found the method's ease of use to be the most attractive feature. Disruption of menstrual rhythm appeared to be the least liked feature. However the incidence of these menstrual irregularities appeared to diminish with time. Implant users have tolerated this early disruption of their menstrual rhythm well and the continuation rate at the end of the year was 97%. Thus it appears that Norplant is a safe, effective and acceptable method of contraception.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Women in sport.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1982

Menstrual pattern changes following laparoscopic sterilization: a comparative study of electrocoagulation and the tubal ring in 1,025 cases.

This investigation compared the effects of the laparoscopic occlusive techniques of unipolar electrocoagulation and the tubal ring on subsequent menstrual patterns. The question of whether sterilization, in general, causes menstrual pattern changes is also addressed. The 1,025 cases constituted a data set collected by investigators at five institutions in five countries. After controlling for prior contraceptive use, the two techniques were compared with respect to menstrual cycle regularity, cycle length, flow duration, amount of flow, dysmenorrhea and intermenstrual bleeding. In this series, approximately 10% to 50% (depending on the menstrual parameter) of the menstrual pattern changes seen within six months following sterilization could be attributed to the discontinuation of the Pill or IUD at the time of sterilization. The majority of the women experienced no menstrual pattern changes following sterilization. There was no statistically significant difference between the two occlusion techniques in terms of the proportion of women who reported changes in any of their menstrual parameters. The theory that sterilization causes menstrual pattern changes rests on the hypothesis that the greater the degree of destruction of the uteroovarian vascular anastomosis (as with unipolar electrocoagulation), the greater the amount of subsequent menstrual pattern disturbance. Our findings suggest that this hypothesis is not valid.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Menstrual patterns after female sterilization: variables predicting change.

Previous studies of the changes in menstrual pattern characteristics following sterilization have been flawed by methodologic errors. As a result, contradictory findings have been reported. Appropriate methodologic approaches to the study of poststerilization menstrual patterns are presented, and a new methodologic approach-an index of menstrual pattern change-is offered, which evaluates four menstrual parameters simultaneously. A carefully controlled study using this index indicates that most women report no change in menstrual pattern at 12 months poststerilization, and among those who do experience change, changes in one direction are balanced by changes in the other direction. The changes reported include improvements as well as changes for the worse. The best predictor of whether a woman would experience menstrual pattern change after sterilization is whether her pattern had any abnormal characteristics during the three months prior to the procedure. Surgical variables and special subgroups of women are also evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Late complications of sterilization according to method.

By using a patient questionnaire, we checked the effects of two tubal sterilization procedures (high-frequency [HF] and endocoagulation techniques) in relation to late complications. In the years following high-frequency sterilization, 23 women (8.9%) had hysterectomies; in the endocoagulation group only 9 patients (2.3%) underwent hysterectomy. Patients sterilized by the unipolar high-frequency technique required one to three curettages in 7.8% of cases, whereas only 2.1% of the endocoagulation group required this procedure. Seventy-nine patients in the high-frequency group (30.9%) exhibited menstrual disorders as compared to only 45 (11.7%) in the other group. The combination of menstrual irregularities and menopausal complaints was found in 7.4% of the HF group, while only 2.8% of the endocoagulation group experienced these problems. Menopausal complaints only, without menstrual disorders, occurred in 4.7% and 3.9% of the women, respectively. Eighty-five percent of 330 patients sterilized by the Semm endocoagulation technique had no menstrual complaints or menopausal symptoms; in the HF group this was the case for 160 women (62%). Our results demonstrate that late postoperative complications arise less often in patients sterilized by endocoagulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Lipids and cardiovascular disease: do the findings and therapy apply equally to men and women?

Dyslipoproteinemia is prevalent in women as well as in men. In both, its consequences--premature atherosclerosis and CAD morbidity and mortality--are more common. Although clinical evidence of the benefits of cholesterol lowering is less abundant in women, it is not entirely absent. As in men, cholesterol lowering in women is associated with a decline in CAD risk and with regression of coronary atherosclerosis. Lipoprotein risk factors have some special characteristics in women. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may be a less important risk factor in women, perhaps because estrogen protects the arterial wall against LDL deposition. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a better predictor of risk in women than in men. Triglycerides are an independent predictor of CAD risk in postmenopausal women. The effects of endogenous gonadal hormones in life-cycle changes in women is evident. As girls pass through puberty, HDL-C levels do not fall as they do in boys of the same age. In pregnancy, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglyceride levels all rise. However, LDL-C stays elevated until well after delivery, whereas triglycerides fall to baseline at about the time of delivery, and HDL-C levels begin to fall at about 24 weeks. Interestingly, this fall in HDL-C is not accompanied by a fall in apoA-I levels, implying a change in HDL composition during the latter portion of pregnancy. After menopause, LDL-C levels rise sharply, whereas HDL-C levels decline modestly. Again, this decline in HDL-C is accompanied by a rise in apoA-I levels, implying a change in HDL composition. Diet, weight loss, and exercise are less effective in altering lipoprotein levels in women than in men. The reasons for this are not clear, although it is reasonable to speculate that endogenous gonadal hormones play a role. Genetic dyslipoproteinemia occurs in women, although the effect on CAD rates may be mitigated by the generally higher levels of HDL-C enjoyed by women. Exogenous hormones in the form of OCs and postmenopausal HRT affect circulating lipoprotein levels according to their composition. Generally, estrogens have favorable effects, raising HDL-C and lowering LDL-C levels. Progestins are either neutral or oppose estrogen effects, depending on their dose and androgenicity. Use of modern OCs probably does not adversely affect CAD risk except in combination with cigarette smoking. However, HRT has a strong favorable effect on CAD risk when unopposed estrogen is used, probably due to increases in HDL-C levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Menopausal risk factors (author's transl)].

Menopausal disorders coincide with the onset of luteal insufficiency and the resulting relative hyperestrogenism. At this stage the risks to be assessed are mainly related to a worsening of the menstrual syndrome (heaviness of the legs, abdominal distention, water retention, mastodynia, depressive syndrome), cycle changes, or various genital types of hemorrhage requiring investigation for detection of a possible fibroma, hyperplasia, endometriosis, or genital cancer. Once the menopause is settled a reduction in estrogen levels comes with reactive increases in FSM and LM levels, and the principal risk is the development of a cancer. The role of endogenous (obesity, diabetes, Stein-Leventhal, adenomatous hyperplasia) or exogenous (prolonged estrogen therapy alone) estrogens has to be evaluated in endometrial cancer. Cancer of the vulva also appears to be more frequent in menopausal women (natural or artificial), as well as cervical cancer and cancer of the breast. There is an apparent increase in cardiovascular risks in untreated menopausal women, but this is still discussed, as to the benefits of estrogen therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effects of menstrual cycle on spatial information-processes.

The present study examined effects of menstrual cycle (i.e., ovulatory vs menstrual phase) on performance on spatial information-processes. Participants included 20 spontaneously cycling women (with regular 28- to 30-day menstrual cycles) who were tested on a reaction-time task developed to assess specific spatial information-processes and the Spatial Relations subtest of the PMA battery. For the spatial information-processing task, women responded faster and applied relatively less stringent criteria in the decision process during the ovulatory phase. No effects of cycle changes were found for accuracy of performance on either of the spatial tasks. It is suggested that studies examining effects of menstrual cycle on spatial ability consider an information-processing approach in measuring spatial performance and an application of signal-detection theory to separate components (strategy vs aptitude) of problem solving.

Achievement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An ultrasound study of the effect of chronic lead exposure on endometrial cycle changes in the female cynomolgus monkey.

The effect of up to 10 years of lead (Pb) exposure (1500 micrograms/kg BW/day) on endometrial cycle changes in adult cynomolgus monkeys (n = 30) were examined by real-time ultrasound. Pb exposure had no effect on peak serum estradiol (E2) or progesterone (P4) concentrations, menstrual cycle length, and endometrial response to gonadal steroids as determined by ultrasound.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Transvaginal pulsed Doppler measurement of flow velocities in pelvic vessels following cycle stimulation].

The availability of pulsed Doppler probes has made it possible to sample signals at a chosen depth and thus to detect the flow in any selected deep vessel. Pulsed Doppler signal processing combined with real-time imaging, the so-called "duplex" method, is now also available for transvaginal transducers. The advantage of endosonographic ultrasound investigation is the possibility of using higher frequencies leading to a better resolution of anatomical structures of the small pelvis. Therefore this method allows the precise localisation of a deep vessel and the positioning of the Doppler sample volume within it. The transvaginal approach enables one to position the transducer close to the artery for better measurements. For our study we used a vaginal probe with 7.5 MHz with a pulsed Doppler equipment linked to a Combison 320 (Kretztechnik, Zipf, Austria). The integrated pulsed Doppler is not attached at a fixed angle but can be moved in the whole sector of 240 degrees. We investigated, if during follicle phase of the cycle changes of the pelvic blood flow velocity could be observed. 14 patients undergoing in vitro fertilization for sterility reasons participated in our study. We performed daily measurements of the blood-flow velocity of the ovarian artery and the internal iliac artery from cycle day 8 until the day of induction of ovulation. During cycle stimulation the observed decrease of the A/B ratio was dependent on cycle day and number of follicles. We found a decrease of the A/B ratio in the ovarian artery from 3.85 in cases with 2 follicles to 2.71 in cases with 5 follicles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1981

Changes in concentrations of serum prolactin, FSH, oestradiol and progesterone and of the sex skin during the menstrual cycle in the mangabey monkey (Cercocebus atys lunulatus).

Daily blood samples were collected from 6 regularly menstruating mangabey monkeys. Because serum LH could not be measured by a radioimmunoassay for human LH, Day 0 was taken as the day of maximum serum oestradiol concentration. The hormone patterns were very similar to those of other cercopithecids and women. However, the peak of serum progesterone was lower in mangabeys than in women. There was no distinct peak of serum oestradiol during the luteal phase of mangabeys but the average levels were higher than during the early follicular phase, a pattern more similar to that in other non-human primates than in women. Serum prolactin rose by about 50%, 48 h after the serum oestradiol peak, then declined during the mid-luteal phase before rising at the end of the cycle. Changes in the sex skin dimensions followed the same pattern as the serum oestradiol concentrations.

Animals↗