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The variation of volatile oils has been studied for GC-MS in different processed samples of Daphne genkwa. The results show that the contents of volatile oils in each processed sample are lower than these in the raw one, and the composition of those oils is greatly varied. The vinegar-fried and vinegar-boiled samples give more unknown ingredients.
OBJECTIVE: To study the constituents of volatile oil from Ocimum basilicum. METHOD: GC-MS technique was used. RESULT: Forty-five compounds was elucidated through consulting literature and searching database by computer. CONCLUSION: The main constituent in volatile oil from O. basilicum are 1, 7-dimethyl-1, 6-octadien-3-ol, which accounts for 29.87%.
AIM: To isolate the components from the volatile oil of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. METHODS: According to the function of molecular recognition of supramolecular chemistry, chela shape molecule, trans-1, 2-biphenyl-1, 2-acenaphthendiol was used as host molecule and the volatile oil of Foeniculum vulgare Mill as guest molecule. Trans-1, 2-biphenyl-1, 2-acenaphthendiol can recognize the components that endowed with interactional complementarity and form inclusion compound as crystals. RESULTS: The anethole in the volatile oil was selectively included as trans-1,2-biphenyl-1,2-acenaphthendiol which was obtained in pure state from the inclusion compound by Kugelrohr vacuum technology. The formation of inclusion compound was confirmed by means of IR and powder XRD. The structure of the selectively isolated component was elucidated as trans-anethole by means of IR, 1HMMR and MS. CONCLUSION: The experimental results showed that the method is simple, rapid and selective for isolation anethole from volatile oil of Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
The content, hence the stability of volatile oils and their main components in the inclusion compounds of 8 Chinese medicinal volatile oils with beta-cyclodextrin have been examined with different storage times. The 8 Chinese medicines are Vitex negundo var. heterophylla, Notopterygium incisum, Alpinia officinarum, Atractylodes lancea, Pogostenon cablin, Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum, Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Amomum villosum.
The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of the volatile oil of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in vitro and in vivo in mice. In vitro, the volatile oil of ginger (0.001-10 ng/mL) significantly inhibited T lymphocyte proliferation (P < 0.01), decreased the number of the total T lymphocytes and T helper cells (P < 0.01) in a concentration-dependent manner, but increased the percentage of T suppressor cells to the total T lymphocytes in the mice. In addition, the volatile oil of ginger (0.001-10 ng/mL) inhibited IL-1alpha secretion by the mice peritoneal macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. In vivo, oral administration of the volatile oil of ginger in the doses of 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 g/kg body weight dose-dependently weakened the delayed type of hypersensitivity response to 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene in the sensitized mice (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the volatile oil of ginger influences both cell-mediated immune response and nonspecific proliferation of T lymphocyte, and may exert beneficial effects in a number of clinical conditions, such as chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
The antiHBV effect of Rheum palmatum Volatile oil was studied by using 2215 cell line transfected with HBV DNA. At the same time MTT method was applied for the detection of cytoxicity of drugs, selecting acyclovir(ACV) as control medicine. It turns out that the toxic concentration of Rheum palmatum Volatile oil for 50% cells was (CD50) > 1.25 x 10(-1) g/L. When concentration was below 0.625 x 10(-1) g/L, the survival rate of cells was over 90%. The maximum inhibitory rates for HBsAg and HBeAg were 70.71 +/- 5.4% and 30.99 +/- 5.3% respectively. This shows Rheum palmatum Volatile oil possesses the effect of antiHBV in vitro.
OBJECTIVE: To analysis compositions of the volatile oil in Origanum vulgare. METHODS: GC-MS condition: using programmed temperature gas chromatography cinitial temperature was 60 degrees C, and then raising the temperature (5 degrees C/min) to 240 degrees C, mass-to-electric charge ratio was 10 to 425. RESULTS: GC-MS identified 29 kinds of contents. CONCLUSION: Thymol and carvacrol are main compositions of the volatile oil in Origanum vulgare.
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Many studies have been carried out in recent years on the pharmacological effects of nigella sativa seeds that have uncovered their antiinflammatory and immunological effects. The objective of this study was to explore the antiinflammatory effects of thymoquinone on arthritis in rat models. Rats with arthritis induced by Freund's incomplete adjuvant were assigned into five groups: group 1: controls 0.9% NaCl (n = 7); group 2: 2.5 mg/kg thymoquinone (n = 7); group 3: 5 mg/kg thymoquinone (n = 7); group 4: Bacilli Chalmette Guerin (BCG) 6 x 10(5) CFU (n = 7); group 5: methotrexate 0.3 mg/kg (n = 7). Signs of inflammation on the claw and radiological signs were searched for and TNF-alpha and IL-1beta were measured. The results of control and other groups were compared. As a result, thymoquinone, confirmed clinically and radiologically, suppressed adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats.
Six different mixtures of garlic distilled oils containing diallyl disulfide (DDS) and diallyl trisulfide (DTS), ranging from 1 to 51% and 88 to 38% respectively, have been assayed against a number of yeasts (C. albicans, C. tropicalis and B. capitatus), gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and B. subtilis) and gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and E. coli). Results obtained support a specific antifungal more than an antibacterial activity and implicate DDS as the active constituent. Incubation of garlic extracts made up of 1% DDS and 88% DTS resulted, in fact, in the absence of growth inhibition against all the tested microorganisms, whereas garlic oils with higher quantities of DDS showed significant inhibitory activity, increasing with the increase of DDS amount.
A drought-tolerant clone of Tagetes minuta L. (Asteraceae) was selected in vitro on a medium containing 60 mM mannitol. In the greenhouse, a decrease in soil field capacity (FC) from 100 to 40 % reduced oil yield by 49, 71 and 71 % for drought-tolerant, non-drought tolerant cloned and seed-grown plants, respectively. In soil at 40 % FC, the drought-tolerant clone had the highest leaf dry weight and oil yield. At 100 % FC, there was no significant difference in leaf dry weight, but the drought-tolerant clone had a significantly higher percentage oil content and yield than seed-grown plants. The main components of the oil were monoterpenes of which trans- and cis-tagetone together were 52.3 % - 64.2 %. Drought significantly altered the content of some oil components.
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