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PubMed1985

Association of chicken pectoralis muscle phosphorylase with the Z-line and the M-line of myofibrils: comparison with 'amorphin', the amorphous component of the Z-line.

By immunofluorescence technique, glycogen phosphorylase, one of the soluble glycolytic enzymes, was shown to be localized in the Z-line of chicken pectoralis muscle myofibrils, in addition to the M-line, as previously reported by Heizmann, C.W. and Eppenberger, H.M. (Heizmann, C.W. and Eppenberger, H.M. (1978) J. Biol. Chem. 253, 270-277). After extraction of thick filaments by a solution containing pyrophosphate and high salt (Hasselbach-Schneider solution), or after extraction of thin and thick filaments by a solution containing 0.6 M KI, phosphorylase still remained in the Z-line. Amorphin (Mr 85 000) was reported by Chowrashi, P.K. and Pepe, F.A. (Chowrashi, P.K. and Pepe, F.A. (1982) J. Cell Biol. 94, 565-573) as a new Z-line amorphous component. The amino acid composition of amorphin reported by them was very similar to that of phosphorylase b reported by Heizmann and Eppenberger. The partially purified 85 kDa protein, according to Chowrashi and Pepe, showed cross-reactivity to anti-phosphorylase serum and phosphorylase activity. Although amorphin was reported to be eluted from DEAE-column chromatography around the gradient of 0.5 M KCl, little protein was eluted around 0.5 M KCl in our experiments, and the 85 kDa protein which we identified as phosphorylase b was eluted around 0.2 M KCl. Hence, it should be said that the major 85 kDa protein extracted according to Chowrashi and Pepe was phosphorylase b.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Local recurrence in the pectoralis muscles following modified radical mastectomy for carcinoma.

Local recurrence following treatment of carcinoma of the breast is usually associated with systemic metastases. However, there are some cases in which local disease is the only manifestation of recurrence, and long-term survival can be achieved in these patients with aggressive treatment. Ten cases of apparent isolated metastasis in the pectoralis muscle following modified radical mastectomy are presented and good results were obtained in some cases utilizing surgery or x-ray therapy or a combination. It is worth noting that reconstruction would not have interfered with the detection of these recurrences, if the implant had been placed under the muscle.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Congenital absence of the pectoralis muscles in two collegiate wrestling champions.

Deficiency of the pectoralis major is a relatively common muscle anomaly. There is little documentation, however, of what, if any, functional deficit the anomaly imparts. Therefore, two highly successful amateur wrestlers with unilateral congenital absence of the pectoralis minor and sternocostal head of the pectoralis major are reported. Cybex testing revealed no appreciable decrease in shoulder internal rotation strength but did show a 20%-30% decrease in shoulder horizontal adduction strength. Other patients similarly affected can be advised that their shoulder strength will be slightly decreased, but significant functional limitations are unlikely.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Sequential expression during postnatal development of specific markers of junctional and free sarcoplasmic reticulum in chicken pectoralis muscle.

Skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum comprises two distinct membrane domains, i.e., the Ca(2+)-pump membrane, corresponding mainly to longitudinal tubules, and the junctional membrane of the terminal cisternae containing the ryanodine receptor/Ca(2+)-release channel. Additional minor proteins previously shown in rabbit fast-twitch skeletal muscle to fractionate selectively to each membrane domain comprise 160- and 53-kDa glycoproteins and 170-kDa low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-binding protein, respectively (Damiani and Margreth, 1991, Biochem. J. 277, 825-832). We report evidence in chicken pectoralis, a predominantly fast muscle, on two closely immunologically related glycoproteins, a minor component of 130-kDa and a major 53-kDa protein. In contrast to the seemingly highly conserved structure of this protein, our results show marked differences in mobilities for chicken 125I-LDL that were detected as a 130- to 116-kDa protein doublet after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, although being otherwise indistinguishable from rabbit 170-kDa protein in LDL-binding characteristics, as well as for preferential association to junctional terminal cisternae. Chicken Ca(2+)-ATPase, although being extensively homologous to rabbit Ca(2+)-ATPase, is shown to be less active and to differ slightly in electrophoretic properties. We have investigated the time course of expression of the specific protein components of longitudinal and of junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum in chick pectoralis muscle from late embryonic development up to 2 months after hatching. Coincident with the posthatching increase in membrane density of high-affinity [3H]ryanodine-binding sites in muscle, both calsequestrin and the species-specific LDL-binding protein(s) are detected in increasing amounts, using ligand blot techniques. In contrast, the appearance and steady accumulation in muscle of Ca(2+)-ATPase, like the time-correlated increase of sarcoplasmic reticulum glycoproteins, are relatively delayed, the most striking changes occurring from 1 week after hatching onward. The sequential expression in chick developing muscle of proteins selectively associated with the junctional terminal cisternae and with longitudinal sarcoplasmic reticulum, respectively, argues for a similar morphogenetic program in avian and mammalian species and, to account for that, for the existence of common epigenetic differentiating influences on the expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum protein genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Breast and pectoralis muscle hypoplasia. A mild degree of Poland's syndrome.

PURPOSE: Poland's syndrome is a congenital and unilateral aplasia of the pectoralis major muscle (PMM), with other anomalies of the ipsilateral upper extremity. We present 6 cases in which the only clinical expression was asymmetry of the breasts associated with partial absence of the PMM. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 95000 mammograms (obtained 1985-1995) to find patients with asymmetrical breast size. Where the asymmetry could not be ascribed to any other cause, the patients were recalled for an examination of the PMM which was conducted at rest and with active contraction of the muscle. RESULTS: Unilateral volume reduction of the PMM was found in 5 women of whom 2 were studied with MR. A 6th case was a fortuitous finding in a male patient. CONCLUSION: Mild forms of Poland's syndrome are more frequent than severe forms, and may go undiagnosed. Hypoplasia of one breast or a horizontal anterior axillary fold may be the sole clinical manifestation of this syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Some histochemical properties of the fiber types in the pectoralis muscle of an emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae).

The muscle fibers of the cranial slip of M. pectoralis pars thoracica of an emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) were studied histochemically for intracellular lipid, succinic dehydrogenase, myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase, and acetylcholinesterase. It was concluded that the muscle consisted of approximately 28% slow-tonic and 72% fast-twitch glycolytic fibers. The tonic fibers were considered to be characteristic of a postural muscle, and the fast-twitch glycolytic fibers to reflect the inability of the muscle to engage in sustained activity. The general absence of slow-tonic fibers from the pectoralis of other avian species so far studied may be attributed to inadequate sampling of the deeper regions of the muscle.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed2006

Effect of combined heat and high-pressure treatments on the texture of chicken breast muscle (pectoralis fundus).

Commercially supplied chicken breast muscle was subjected to simultaneous heat and pressure treatments. Treatment conditions ranged from ambient temperature to 70 degrees C and from 0.1 to 800 MPa, respectively, in various combinations. Texture profile analysis (TPA) of the treated samples was performed to determine changes in muscle hardness. At treatment temperatures up to and including 50 degrees C, heat and pressure acted synergistically to increase muscle hardness. However, at 60 and 70 degrees C, hardness decreased following treatments in excess of 200 MPa. TPA was performed on extracted myofibrillar protein gels that after treatment under similar conditions revealed similar effects of heat and pressure. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis of whole muscle samples revealed that at ambient pressure the unfolding of myosin was completed at 60 degrees C, unlike actin, which completely denatured only above 70 degrees C. With simultaneous pressure treatment at >200 MPa, myosin and actin unfolded at 20 degrees C. Unfolding of myosin and actin could be induced in extracted myofibrillar protein with simultaneous treatment at 200 MPa and 40 degrees C. Electrophoretic analysis indicated high pressure/temperature regimens induced disulfide bonding between myosin chains.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Personal experience with a myocutaneous flap of the greater pectoralis muscle in reconstructive cervicofacial surgery. Apropos of 27 flaps].

The authors review 27 pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps in head and neck cancer surgery. The indications and applications are discussed. Some technical aspects are pointed out. The results are analyzed and compared with data in the published literature. Because of its numerous advantages, the pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap does establish a real progress in the surgical treatment of head and neck cancer.

Adult↗