PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “PITUITARY GLAND IRRADIATION”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Proton irradiation of the pituitary gland for alleviating pain in patients with disseminated prostate cancer].

Central Research Institute of Roentgeno-Radiology; Medical Academy for Further Education, St. Petersburg Stereotactic ablation of the frontal lobe of the pituitary with narrow beams of 1,000 MeV protons was performed in 80 patients to alleviate pain caused by bone metastases. Pain was aborted for a long time so that pain-relieving medication was suspended in 56 (70%) patients. The remaining patients cut down on taking analgetics: peripheral drugs were taken by 11(13.75%), non-narcotic opioids (tramal)--4 (5%), class III opioid narcotics--7 (8.75%), and morphine-type drugs--only 2. No untoward side-effects were reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Effects of total-body irradiation on growth, thyroid and pituitary gland in rhesus monkeys.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of total-body irradiation (TBI) on growth, thyroid and pituitary gland in primates. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-seven rhesus monkeys (mean age 3.1+/-0.6 years) received either a low-dose (4-6 Gy) TBI (n = 26) or high-dose (7-12 Gy) TBI (n = 11) and were sacrificed together with 8 age-matched controls after a post-irradiation interval of 5.9+/-1.5 years. Anthropometric data were collected: thyroid and pituitary glands were examined; serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (FT4), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) were measured. RESULTS: Decrease in final height due to irradiation could not be demonstrated. There was a dose-dependent decrease in body weight, ponderal index, skinfold thickness and thyroid weight. The latter was not accompanied by elevation of TSH or decrease in FT4. Structural changes in the thyroid gland were found in 50% of the irradiated animals. Levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 did not differ between the dose groups, but the high-dose group had a lower IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio. CONCLUSION: Total body irradiation had a negative effect on body fat. There was no evidence of (compensated) hypothyroidism, but dose-dependent decrease in thyroid weight and changes in follicular structure suggest some effect of TBI on the thyroid gland. The decreased IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio in the high-dose group can indicate that the somatotrophic axis was mildly affected by TBI. These results show that TBI can have an effect on the physical build and thyroid gland of primates even in the absence of cytostatic agents or immunosuppressive drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Histological changes in the hypofunctional pituitary gland following conventional radiotherapy for adenoma.

AIMS: Although delayed hypopituitarism is a common complication of conventional radiotherapy of sellar tumours, histological changes that may account for it have been rarely reported. To elucidate the changes, hypofunctional pituitary glands following irradiation were studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two pituitary glands obtained at autopsy from patients who had been irradiated for adenoma and exhibited hypopituitarism were examined. In both cases diffuse fibrosis was observed in the adenohypophysis, whereas the neurohypophysis remained unchanged. Immunohistochemistry showed that stellate-shaped S100 protein-positive cells were increased in number and distributed among the endocrine cells. Some irradiated endocrine cells showed dense granular immunoreactivity for mitochondrial protein, cytochrome oxidase and manganese-superoxide dismutase. In addition to faint reactivity with anti-cytokeratin 8, 18 antibody, many cells were densely positive with anti-cytokeratin 1, 5, 10, 14 antibody. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that radiation- induced fibrosis is associated with an increased number of folliculo-stellate cells and the presence of metabolic dysfunctional mitochondria resembling mitochondria in oncocytes. Squamous metaplasia in the irradiated endocrine cells was also noted. Various intracellular changes may participate in delayed pituitary hypofunction following radiotherapy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1963

[ENDOCRINOLOGY].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗